1,721,037 research outputs found
Economics of health care financing: the visible hand. 2nd edition
No full textContentsPART ONE: MARKETS AND MARKET FAILURE IN HEALTH CARE
Health Care Financing Reforms: Moving into the New Millenium
Markets and Health Care: The Basic Theory
Market Failure in Health CarePART TWO: HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS AND THEIR OBJECTIVES
Methods of Funding Health Care
Economic Objectives of Health CarePART THREE: A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL FINDINGS
Countering Consumer Moral Hazard
Countering Doctor Moral Hazard
Countering Moral Hazard in the Hospital Sector
Achieving EquityPART FOUR: FUTURE CHALLENGES
Future Considerations: Setting The Health Care Budget
Health Care Financing Reforms: Where Are We Now
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Development and application of economic learning health systems – a forecasting and simulation based analysis of home health for seniors
No full textThe task of providing high quality care has become increasingly difficult as pressure mounts on both the funding and demand side of the provision equation. Health leaders have simultaneously had to contend with a decreasing availability of resources along with rising expenditures in part due to an aging population and the development of new innovations in care delivery. Health system transformation and improvement are crucial to addressing these challenges. To spur such transformation, Learning Health Systems (LHS) have been posited as a framework to enable health organizations to generate and apply knowledge in a manner that delivers higher performance and greater value. Despite the opportunities afforded by LHS, published literature has identified several impediments to adoption including: data management, prioritization, and evaluation.
This thesis built upon existing LHS theoretical models by incorporating health economic methods to address the aforementioned challenges and create a novel model for economic learning health systems (eLHS). Practically, the first steps of an eLHS model were carried out and documented including an auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting analysis, and simulation analysis using Markov modelling. These analyses were conducted in partnership with a local health organization within the context of providing home health services for seniors.
Results from the analyses forecasted growing community and acute expenditure on care for senior home health patients, set target thresholds for innovations designed to reduce dependence on acute care, and found that two possible home health interventions were cost-effective using simulation with a decision analytic Markov model. Recommendations for future stages of the eLHS process in this context were made as well as applications of the eLHS frameworks in other domains of care.Medicine, Faculty ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofGraduat
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The cost of school food programs in British Columbia
No full textBACKGROUND: Canada is currently the only OECD country without a national school food program. The Government of Canada recently committed to working with different levels of government, Indigenous partners, and stakeholders towards a national school food policy. However, limited data on the costs of running a program in Canada is an evidence gap for making informed policy decisions. OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to synthesize published literature on the full costs of producing school lunches, estimate these costs in the BC provincial context, and gain stakeholder insights on the context and costs of existing programs in BC. METHODS: A literature review through Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, CAB Direct, ERIC (EBSCO), and additional grey literature gathered evidence on the costs of producing school lunches. Through a subsequent costing exercise, these costs were estimated in BC and a novel interactive costing tool was developed. Interviews (n=9) then highlighted perspectives of school district staff, government representatives, those directly involved in school food programs, and those with expertise on programs costs. These perspectives offered insights and contextualized the existing school food programs in BC, as well as the estimates and the interactive costing tool from the costing exercise. RESULTS: The literature (n=6 studies) reported costs associated with school lunches in the US, Norway, and Wales. The ensuing costing exercise produced a range of 5.18 for the estimated cost of preparing lunches in BC schools, while an array of input variables – including school characteristics (e.g., number of students), staffing information, additional costs, and revenue – were used to build the interactive costing tool. Stakeholders responded positively to the tool and highlighted its value for program planning, while providing insights into the major cost categories (e.g., food, human resources, infrastructure) and the policy considerations relevant to the BC context. DISCUSSION: This novel interactive costing tool is the key contribution of this research project. It simultaneously addresses the knowledge gap (of the missing evidence on school food program costs) while allowing the user to define the costing parameters using real numbers when estimating the costs of preparing school lunches in BC.Medicine, Faculty ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofGraduat
Voluntary Contributors, Priority Setting, and Resource Allocation at the World Health Organization
No full textMedicine, Faculty ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofUnreviewedGraduat
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