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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pollen transport by insects in the Australian Alpine
No full textPollinating insects contribute to the reproductive success of the vast majority of flowering plants. Pollination services are under threat as from global climate change and habitat degradation which change pollinator and plant communities and disrupt the interactions between them. Little is known about how the functional traits of flower visiting insects influence their ability to pollinate plants. Understanding how functional traits affect pollen transport by insect pollinators will improve predictions of how anthropogenic-driven changes to pollinators will impact floral communities. Additionally, most plant-pollinator research does not consider the importance of pollen transport by individual insects, rather organising them into taxonomic groups and therefore overlooking differences between individual and species-level visitation. This thesis analysed the pollen transport of flower visiting Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera in the Australian Alpine by quantifying pollen loads removed from the respective body parts of individuals, separately. The functional traits body size, mouthpart length, hair length, and hair density of a range of insects were measured. Single visit pollen deposition (SVD) experiments were conducted on various plant-insect interactions. The mouthpart traits of Incurviseta (Lauxaniidae), a super-abundant pollen-feeding fly were imaged using a scanning electron microscope. Several species of bees and Diptera transported large pollen loads with high proportions of conspecific pollen. Diptera and Hymenoptera carried highly conspecific pollen loads because the individuals that summate their species are florally constant. Individual-level networks had lower nestedness and connectance but higher specialisation than species-level networks, underlining the need to recognise individuals separately from their parent species. The body parts of individuals had different compositions of pollen, mostly due to differences in floral morphologies, insect body sizes, and insect foraging behaviour. Grooming in bees resulted in most pollen being concentrated on their legs and dorsal thorax. Body size moderately influenced pollen load size, and the hair length and mouthpart length of Diptera moderately influenced their pollen load sizes and richness. Hair density did not influence pollen transport. SVD experiments revealed that Diptera are likely pollinators of Baeckea utilis. Diptera in the genus Incurviseta were found to have mouthpart traits enabling it to feed on a large quantity and of pollen from a diverse range of plants. This thesis addresses the importance of functional traits, both morphological and otherwise, for pollen transport, and identifies large-bodied Diptera and bees as being potentially important targets for future research and conservation in the Australian Alpine
Increasing dominance by a native shrub effects plant-pollinator interactions but not pollen transfer
Get PDFClimate change is causing plant species to shift distributions, especially in alpine environments. These changes could potentially impact plant-pollinator interactions and pollen transfer. This study assessed how Nematolepis ovatifolia (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, a mass flowering shrub in Kosciuszko National Park, New South Wales, Australia, effected the pollination ecology of co-flowering. Visitation surveys in small plots with differing abundances of N. ovatifolia were conducted to construct plant-pollinator networks. A compound light microscope was used to count conspecific (CP) and N. ovatifolia pollen grains on plant stigmas. Bipartite networks and generalized linear mixed models were used to find patterns in the data. There was evidence for N. ovatifolia effecting visitation patterns at high densities. However, N. ovatifolia abundance was found not to significantly effect CP and N. ovatifolia pollen deposition onto the stigmas of other plants. CP deposition was significantly lower in Pimelea alpina F. Muell. ex Meisn. and N. ovatifolia pollen deposition was very low across all species. Visitation was not a good predictor for pollen transfer. Further studies should include more plant species over longer time periods and analyze seed set. These findings demonstrate that the effect of range shifting native plants on plant-pollinator networks may not be analogous to that of invasive species
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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