3,006 research outputs found
Ochotona lama Mitchell and Punzo 1975
No full textOchotona lama Mitchell and Punzo, 1975. Mammalia, 39: 422. TYPE LOCALITY: Nepal, Mustang District, Lupra (28° 48' N., 83° 47' E.), about 3640 m. DISTRIBUTION: Mustang District (Nepal). COMMENT: Provisionally included as a subspecies of roylei by Corbet, 1978:68, but retained as a species by Mitchell, 1978, Saugetierk. Mitt., 26:212.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 596, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735300
Revisiting Park ‘N Fly: In Pursuit of Constraints on Trademark Bullies
No full textThe Supreme Court has been inextricably constraining the trademark right in the last 15 years. The Court first embarked in a wholesale expansion of the trademark right and now the Court is engaged in an effort to rein it back in.
The expansion started in 1985 with Park ‘N Fly v. Dollar Park & Fly. The Court there held that a descriptive and otherwise unenforceable trademark is made enforceable and the appropriate subject of an offensive action to enjoin a competing use if it is incontestable. The Court overruled Park ‘N Fly by implication with KP Permanent Makeup v. Lastings. In KP Permanent Makeup, the Court held that a descriptive mark used descriptively is fair use which the mark hold must tolerate.
KP Permanent Makeup appears to be only a fair use case and has been heralded as an important case clarifying fair use in trademark jurisprudence. It also emasculates the incontestability doctrine. Although there are other uses of incontestability, its primary use for descriptive marks is to rescue them from cancellation and allow them to be used offensively in enforcement actions if incontestable. With KP Permanent Makeup, a user of a descriptive but incontestable mark only need to make they claim that they are using it descriptively to entirely shift the analysis from the use of someone else’s incontestable mark to fair use.
This curtailment should come as no surprise to anyone. The Court first expanded trademark jurisprudence with Park ‘N Fly, Taco Cabana and Qualitex, and then constrained it with TrafFix, Wal-Mart, and Dastar, now KP Permanent Makeup. What is surprising is the fact that, with KP Permanent Makeup, Park ‘N Fly has been overruled by implication and the incontestability doctrine has been made superfluous. The expansion of trademark rights encourage trademark speculation and this speculation led to trademark bullying. Its constraint should have the effect of reining in trademark bullies as well
Elastic sheets: Cracks by design
No full textDifferent methods exist to control fracture in thin media in order to produce some desired shape or curved edge. Commonly, inhomogeneities are placed along a specific path to guide a fracture, such as scoring a material's surface or introducing a sequence of perforations. In some circumstances, the ability to guide fractures without altering the material is advantageous or even necessary, and could provide a key design tool in areas such as flexible electronics, thin films and monolayer materials. Writing in Nature Materials, Mitchell, Irvine and colleagues explore the possibility of guiding crack paths in thin, elastic sheets by draping them on surfaces with non-zero Gaussian curvature1. The out-of-plane elastic deformation imposed by the surface curvature causes an inhomogeneous stress distribution within the sheet. If a small crack is introduced, the pre-load in the membrane can cause the fracture to grow spontaneously. Depending on how the substrate geometry is chosen, the crack growth can be made to conform to a curved path and possibly arrest after a desired crack length has been reached. This opens up the possibility of a new methodology for incising two-dimensional shapes from sheets by fracturing them over a tailored bumpy substrate surface
Watergate verdict
No full textWatergate verdict special report broadcast. Names of individuals and verdicts are read, followed by a report on the Watergate scandal and trial. With the voices of John Ehrlichman, Bob Haldeman, John Mitchell, Kenneth Parkinson, James Neal, Robert Mardian, jury foreman John Hoffer, and reporters Barry Serafin, Fred Graham, Jed Duvall, and Eric Severeid
Modification of nektonic fish distribution by piers and pile fields in an urban estuary
No full textLarge urban piers degrade habitat value for several estuarine benthic fish species by shading, but their effects on mobile nektonic species is less well understood due to sampling challenges. Dual Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) allowed equal access to sampling in the water column of structured shaded and unshaded vs. open environments in both dark and light conditions by methods similar to video but without light. Sampling (n = 228, 5-minute transects) occurred under and around four large municipal piers of varying dimensions in the Hudson River estuary during day and night from summer and fall in 2007 - 2009. The distribution of small (5 - 25 cm in length) and large (25 – 850 cm) fishes were analyzed separately in recognition of functional guild differences. Small fishes occupied open water, shaded under-pier, and un-decked relict piling habitats, but were significantly more abundant during the day in open unshaded water than under adjacent piers or in piling habitats.. Small fish occurred under 3 of 4 piers of varying size and configuration at 10 - 20% of the median abundances of adjacent open water. However, while schools were rare under piers they could be very large, so that abundance greatly exceeded mean open water abundance variance so as to preclude confidence in differences among piers. The differences among habitats was not significant at night, and the difference among piers was also not significant at night. School membership for small fish appeared to mitigate adverse effects of shading and may influence scaling of their response to shading and could therefore influence pier design. Large (>25 cm) predatory fish were uncommon but responded similarly to habitat effects as did small fish. Habitats did not segregate fish by guild as small forage fish co-occurred in 65.8% of samples with large piscivores. Studies that provide species-specific and mechanistic interpretation of dynamic habitat use as well as further quantification of scaling effects could improve our understanding of how fishes respond to piers and other structures on urban shorelines.Peer reviewed
Financial Literacy and Financial Sophistication in the Older Population: Evidence from the 2008 HRS
No full textThis paper analyzes new data on financial literacy and financial sophistication from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study. We show that financial literacy is lacking among older individuals and for the first time explore additional questions on financial sophistication which proves even scarcer. For this sample of older respondents over the age of 55, we find that people lack even a rudimentary understanding of stock and bond prices, risk diversification, portfolio choice, and investment fees. In view of the fact that individuals are increasingly required to take on responsibility for their own retirement security, this lack of knowledge has serious implications.
Financial Literacy and Financial Sophistication Among Older Americans
No full textThis paper analyzes new data on financial literacy and financial sophistication from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study. We show that financial literacy is lacking among older individuals and for the first time explore additional questions on financial sophistication which proves even scarcer. For this sample of older respondents over the age of 55, we find that people lack even a rudimentary understanding of stock and bond prices, risk diversification, portfolio choice, and investment fees. In view of the fact that individuals are increasingly required to take on responsibility for their own retirement security, this lack of knowledge has serious implications.
Holy Land Maps #145
No full textShows Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, and part of Syria. Shows territories belonging to the Twelve Biblical tribes of Israel, populated places, principal roads, and Biblical names of selected places.; Relief shown by hachures and spot heights.; From: A new universal atlas, containing maps of the various empires, kingdoms, states and republics of the world, etc.. by H.S. Tanner, Philadelphia, 1846, pp. 71.; Includes list of Turkish Provinces, geographic notes, and explanation of Arabic appellatives which occur in the map, and inset titled "Environs of Jerusalem", scale 1:400,000.; "71."--In upper right margin.; LC copy stamped on: "626888 ; accompanied by a slip stamped on: "New Universal Atlas of the World, H. S. Tanner ; S. Augustus Mitchell, Philadelphia, 1849 [illegible] ; Property of Andrew Arthur Benton, New York, N. Y."; LC copy annotated: "New universal atlas, Phila, 1849."; From the Maps of the Holy Land collection of Kenneth Nebenzahl.Color1:1,200,00
A biologically active peptide mimetic of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose
No full textAbstract Background Glycosylated proteins and lipids are important regulatory factors whose functions can be altered by addition or removal of sugars to the glycan structure. The glycans are recognized by sugar-binding lectins that serve as receptors on the surface of many cells and facilitate initiation of an intracellular signal that changes the properties of the cells. We identified a peptide that mimics the ligand of an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-specific lectin and asked whether the peptide would express specific biological activity. Findings A 12-mer phage display library was screened with a GalNAc-specific lectin to identify an amino acid sequence that binds to the lectin. Phage particles that were eluted from the lectin with free GalNAc were considered to have been bound to a GalNAc-binding site. Peptides were synthesized with the selected sequence as a quadravalent structure to facilitate receptor crosslinking. Treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 24 h with the peptide stimulated secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) but not of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The secretion of IL-21 was stimulated as strongly with the peptide as with interferon-γ. Conclusion The data indicate that the quadravalent peptide has biological activity with a degree of specificity. These effects occurred at concentrations in the nanomolar range, in contrast to free sugars that generally bind to proteins in the micro- to millimolar range.</p
Durability of an inorganic polymer concrete coating
No full textThe objective of the research p4rogram reported in this thesis is to evaluate the durability of an inorganic polymer composite coating exposed to freeze/thaw cycling and wet-dry cycling. Freeze/thaw cycling is performed following ASTM D6944-09 Standard Practice for Resistance of Cured Coatings to Thermal Cycling and wet/dry cycling is performed following guidelines set forth in a thesis written by Ronald Garon at Rutgers University. For both sets of experiments, four coating mixture proportions were evaluated. The variables were: silica/alumina ratio, mixing protocol using high shear and normal shear mixing, curing temperatures of 70 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit and use of nano size constituent materials. The mix with highest silica/alumina ratio was designated as Mix 1 and mixes with lower ratios were designated as Mix 2 and Mix 3. Mix 4 had nano silica particles. Four prisms were used for each variable including control that had no coating. The performance of the coating was evaluated using adhesion strength measured using: ASTM D7234 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Adhesion Testers. Tests were performed after every five consecutive cycles of thermal conditioning and six consecutive cycles of wet-dry exposure. Results from the thermal cycling and wet-dry testing demonstrate that all coating formulations are durable. The minimum adhesion strength was 300 psi even though a relatively weak base concrete surface was chosen for the study. The weak surface was chosen to simulate aged concrete surfaces present in actual field conditions. Due to the inherent nature of the test procedure the variation in test results is high. However, based on the test results, high shear mixer and high temperature curing are not recommended. As expected nano size constituent materials provide better performance.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Kenneth Wasserma
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