114,285 research outputs found
A Novel Airframe Design Methodology For Silent Aircraft
No full textThe impact of noise on civil aviation is not just a localised airport problem, but a global concern, due
to the ever-increasing demands for passenger travel. The challenge of designing a ‘Silent Aircraft’
lies within the development, integration, and optimisation of efficient airframe-engine technologies.
This research study investigates the design of novel airframes with the aim of producing a
methodology that incorporates airframe noise. Studies investigating the design of Broad Deltas (BD),
Blended Wing Bodies (BWB), and Joined Wing airframe configurations are integrated with
innovative propulsion systems designs to identify key parameters in order to design a Silent Aircraft.
The airframe configuration plays an important role in the total aircraft noise, where the novel
airframes that are analysed, are compared to a datum ‘baseline’ aircraft. All novel configurations
show significant improvements in airframe noise reduction, enhanced by the addition of ultra-efficient
propulsion systems, for which integration studies are discussed. The research into novel airframes
uses a developed design methodology which integrates design considerations such as aerodynamics,
performance, and cost models to complement the noise analysis and identify the most silent airframe
configuration.
The research goal was to identify a silent airframe solution for a future viable short-medium range
airliner, where the final solutions described suggest proposals for the future development of aviation.
The proposals suggested describe a short-term solution to the noise challenge, with a longer-term
solution to aid the development of technologies, maturity in technology release levels (TRLs), and
development of a future 2050 medium capacity civil airliner
Active mode subclock power gating
No full textThis paper presents a technique, called subclock power gating, for reducing leakage power during the active mode in low performance, energy-constrained applications. The proposed technique achieves power reduction through two mechanisms: 1) power gating the combinational logic within the clock period (subclock) and 2) reducing the virtual supply to less than Vth rather than shutting down completely as is the case in conventional power gating. To achieve this reduced voltage, a pair of nMOS and pMOS transistors are used at the head and foot of the power gated logic for symmetric virtual rail clamping of the power and ground supplies. The subclock power gating technique has been validated by incorporating it with an ARM Cortex-M0 microprocessor, which was fabricated in a 65-nm process. Two sets of experiments are done: the first experimentally validates the functionality of the proposed technique in the fabricated test chip and the second investigates the utility of the proposed technique in example applications. Measured results from the fabricated chip show 27% power saving during the active mode for an example wireless sensor node application when compared with the same microprocessor without subclock power gating
Oppression & Mismanagement: Taking snippets from the Tata Mistry saga
No full textThe elongated battle between Cyrus Mistry and Tata Sons has spotlighted the rule of majority settled long ago in the Foss v. Harbottle case. Oppression and mismanagement is the idea of administration that has seen huge improvements as of late, and the most compelling motivation has been the court question among Ratan Tata and Cyrus Mistry. The Tata Group had unexpectedly eliminated Mr Mistry from its chairmanship in 2016, and it was anything but a glad goodbye by any means. The Tata Board of Directors takes this strange advance eventually finishes into one of the most scandalous and discussed fights in the Court of the corporate world. This article has been an endeavour to comprehend how the relations between two of the greatest corporate houses weakened with around fifty years of relationship. The fight in the Supreme Court that Mr Cyrus resulted in was not to get back the seat but to make the statement that the minority investors premium is co-broad with larger part investors. Besides, the previous’ advantage can’t be defaced by last as and when they are not in concurrence with one another. This paper attempts to analyze the legal provisions of the oppression and mismanagement in Tata – Mistry Saga and the issues appertain to the prevention by the Companies Act, 2013
Representations of migrant and nation in selected works of Rohinton Mistry and Salman Rushdie
No full textThis thesis explores the representations of, and the relationship between. the migrant and the nation in selected works of the Bombay-born novelists Rohinton Mistry and Salman Rushdie. I explore each writer's engagement with contemporary debates surrounding the material, political, social and imaginative consequences of the crisis in secularism in India during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, and consider how this engagement is informed by their
migrant positions beyond India's borders. A primary concern is the way in which Mistry's and Rushdie's representations of the nation, and of migrant and diasporic subjects, intersects with the representation of Bombay in their work.
This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first two chapters concentrate on Mistry's fiction, the remaining three on Rushdie's work. Published between 1988 and 2002, the central novels examined are situated within debates regarding the founding principles of the Indian nation, and notions of Indianness, the rise of communalism in general and Hindu nationalism in particular, and the renaming of Bombay as Mumbai. My readings foreground the necessity of a
close understanding of the historical and political transformations taking place within Bombay and India during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, but also during the 1950s and 1960s. I argue that Mistry's and Rushdie's work is informed by a deepening anxiety over these socio-political transformations, and over how reconfigurations of Indianness increasingly position minority communities, and migrant and diasporic subjects, outside of definitions of national identity.
This anxiety extends into the negotiation of their own migrant positions. My reading of the differing representations of the migrant in Mistry's and Rushdie's work engages with ideas of accountability, political responsibility, and with notions of cosmopolitanism. In doing so, I question familiar assumptions regarding the migrant condition as one of predominantly empowering political agency. I argue that, while both authors emphasise the importance of the migrant sustaining a critical engagement with India's politics, they also foreground the anxious difficulties of doing so. This difficulty informs Mistry's and Rushdie's divergent negotiation of their own position as migrant writers, and I examine how their fiction is marked by an anxiety over the adequacy of writing as a mode of political engagement with the crisis in secularism and the parochialisation of Bombay, and as a means of negotiating the politics of migrancy
Sputum Moraxella catarrhalis strains exhibit diversity within and between COPD subjects
No full textLeena M George,1,* Richard D Haigh,1,* Vijay Mistry,1 Koirobi Haldar,1 Michael R Barer,1 Marco R Oggioni,2 Christopher E Brightling1 1Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; 2Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Moraxella catarrhalis is implicated in the pathogenesis of some COPD exacerbations. We sought to investigate whether the M. catarrhalis strain is variable between COPD subjects; that an exacerbation is associated with acquisition of a new strain and that certain strains are more commonly associated with exacerbations. Patients and methods: Sputum samples were collected at stable and exacerbation visits from COPD subjects from a single center as part of the COPDMAP consortium. Samples identified as M. catarrhalis positive by qPCR were recultured in liquid cultures grown to extract genomic DNA; underwent Illumina MiSeq and bacterial genome sequences were de novo assembled and Multi Locus Sequence Type (MLST) was determined. Results: Thirty-five samples were obtained from 18 subjects. These included 13 stable and 22 exacerbation samples. The diversity between samples was very large with 25 different M. catarrhalis MLSTs being identified out of the 35 samples of which 12 MSLTs have not been described previously. Change and persistence of M. catarrhalis strain were observed between stable visits, from stable to exacerbation and vice-a-versa, and between exacerbation visits. Conclusion: Sputum M. catarrhalis strains exhibit marked diversity within and between COPD subjects. Acquisition of a new strain is common between stable and exacerbation events such that no strain is specifically associated with an exacerbation. Keywords: COPD, Moraxella catarrhalis, strain change, exacerbatio
A High Spatiotemporal Resolution Global Gridded Dataset of Historical Human Discomfort Indices
No full textMeteorological human discomfort indices or bioclimatic indices are important metrics to gauge potential risks to human health under varying environmental thermal exposures. Derived using sub-daily meteorological variables from a quality-controlled reanalysis data product (Global Land Data Assimilation System—GLDAS), a new high-resolution global dataset referred to as “HDI_0p25_1970_2018” is presented in this study. The dataset includes the following daily indices at 0.25° × 0.25° gridded resolution: (i) Apparent Temperature indoors (ATind); (ii) two variants of Apparent Temperature outdoors in shade (ATot); (iii) Heat Index (HI); (iv) Humidex (HDEX); (v) Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT); (vi) two variants of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT); (vii) Thom Discomfort Index (DI); and (viii) Windchill Temperature (WCT). Spanning 49 years over the period 1970–2018, HDI_0p25_1970_2018 fills gaps in existing climate indices datasets by being the only high-resolution historical global-gridded daily time-series of multiple human discomfort indices based on different meteorological parameters, thus offering applications in wide-ranging climate zones and thermal-comfort environments
Uptake and distribution of polonium-210 and lead-210 in tobacco plants
No full textAthalye V. V. and Mistry K. B.Uptake and distribution of polonium-210 and lead-210 in tobacco plants. Radiation Botany12, 421-425, 1972.-The uptake and distribution of polonium-210 and its long-lived precursor lead-210 in two flue-cured tobacco varieties (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Delcrest and cv. Virginia gold), were examined in nutrient culture experiments. The accumulation of these radionuclides was greatest in the roots. Over identical durations of growth, the extent of upward transport of 210Po and 210Pb was relatively greater in cv. Virginia gold. The distribution of the radionuclides in aerial tissues followed an acropetal gradient suggesting that 210Po and 210Pb concentrations in leaf tobacco used for cigarette production would be reduced if leaves other than the oldest pairs are harvested
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Surface Modified Solid Lipid Curcumin Nanoparticles For Oral Delivery
No full textCurcumin is a naturally available polyphenolic compound that has demonstrated chemotherapeutic effects in several carcinogenic models as well as pre-clinical trials. However, its poor oral bioavailability due to extremely low aqueous solubility, poor permeability and extensive pre-systemic metabolism has been the major limitation for its use as a chemotherapeutic agent. Solid lipid nanoparticulate formulations have been successfully used to enhance the oral bioavailability of several poorly soluble drugs. The objective of the present research was to develop and characterize solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery of curcumin using GMO/chitosan based nanoparticulate system containing two different stabilizers. |The oil/water nanoemulsions were prepared by sonication and high pressure homogenization (HPH) using GMO/chitosan system. Two different stabilizers namely, PVA and poloxamer 407 were used for this purpose. The particles size (PS) and zeta potential (ZP) of nanoemulsion were determined at different stages of preparation using zetameter. The physical stability of the nanoemulsion was studied at 25⁰C over a period of 60 days by determining its PS and ZP. The blank and curcumin loaded nanoemulsions of both PVA as well as poloxamer containing formulations were further lyophilized and characterized for PS and ZP. The surface morphology of drug loaded nanostructures was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The weight loss of these formulations on heating was investigated using thermogravimetry while the moisture content was determined using Karl Fischer titrimetry. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to determine the physical state of the drug in the nanostructures. An UPLC method was developed and validated for the analysis of curcumin. The in vitro release of curcumin from the nanostructures was evaluated at 37⁰C in pH 7.4 buffer containing 0.5% (w/v) Tween 80 by using UPLC. The cellular uptake of curcumin from the solution as well as nanostructures was investigated in Caco-2 cells after 30, 60 and 90 minutes of treatment. |The process of HPH effectively reduced the particle size of the curcumin loaded GMO/chitosan nanoemulsions by 50 to 65% after three cycles. Loading the GMO/chitosan system with a hydrophobic drug caused an increase in its particle size. Poloxamer 407 was found to be a more efficient stabilizer as compared to PVA to stabilize the GMO/chitosan nanostructures because it gives stable nanoemulsions at a % (w/v) concentration five times less than PVA. The DSC and XRD studies confirmed the crystalline nature of drug in the nanostructures and showed that the absence of visible thermal events in the DSC thermograms could be misleading if two opposite thermal events occur at the same temperature range. Use of poloxamer as a stabilizer sustained the curcumin release from the nanostructures when compared with PVA. The percent cumulative release of curcumin from the nanoparticulate formulation with PVA and poloxamer after 171 hours was found to be 73.93 ± 5.25 and 53.15 ± 5.84, respectively. The cellular uptake of curcumin was 2.5-fold higher in nanostructures containing PVA as compared to poloxamer, at all the time points tested. Appropriate selection of stabilizer for the fabrication of GMO/chitosan nanoparticulate system can affect its ZP, surface morphology, rates of release and cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells. However, the PS, moisture content, and physical state of the drug in the system, was unaffected by the type of stabilizers tested.ProQuest Traditional Publishing Optionxvii, 82 page
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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