1,720,968 research outputs found
Urbanistica conflittuale tra città e slum. Criticità di Governance
No full textCon questo lavoro si vuole porre in evidenza il profondo cambiamento storico che le città contemporanee stanno attualmente vivendo. In molti Paesi del mondo, in ambienti diversi, per contesto, aspetti culturali, sociali ed economici, le grandi metropoli si confrontano con nuove realtà insediative: gli slum. Questi 'nuovi luoghi', spesso a ridosso della città o all'interno della stessa, portano alla necessità di una riprogettazione del tessuto urbano consolidato. È dunque, sempre più di attualità, l'esigenza che la pianificazione delle grandi aree urbane, localizzate nei diversi continenti, affronti, attraverso un disegno strategico il problema dell'organizzazione funzionale, non solo delle realtà esistenti, ma anche e soprattutto degli slum che hanno infranto la 'diga' dell'urbanistica ufficiale proponendosi con forza come la chiave di volta per il futuro sviluppo della città
The territory and city as a common good
No full textThe topic of common goods has become part of current debates in legal, philosophical, behavioral, economic field. Not the same instead it is said regarding the problem of common goods refers to the city, architecture, and urban planning in general. Urban spaces, monumental contexts, landscape architectures are in fact taken into consideration only when they worth for the cataloging of the Ministry of Culture or of the regions to which they refer. The intent of this paper is to highlight the necessary dialectic between contexts objectively collective good or common good and other contexts perhaps less 'noble', but just as significant as expression of people and of their historical and of socio-economic, actualized habitat. It is recognized that the problem of commons offers an important key to understanding of participatory democracy, without which there would be no interaction between the object static and dynamic interpretation, typical of urban living. In this respect, we will focus (doing as a typological example the commons of Cagliari) on the different interpretation contexts in order to understand whether the assessment can be justified as a common good
Regional Cooperation and Multilevel Governance: a Matrix for Evaluating a Smart Development
No full textTerritorial cooperation and the rethinking of multilevel governance have become highly topical in Europe (Murphy 2008; Faludi, 2010; 2012; Eversa, et al., 2013). In fact, local governments have been forced to adopt new strategies to increase their territorial competitiveness both as a result of austerity policies implemented following the financial crisis of 2008 and the growing demand for quality by the community itself. However, interest in territorial cooperation has led to inevitable effects on local and regional governance and, with it, the political decision-making entity, causing it to think strategically and dynamically about urban planning codes, which, in turn, do not consider the complexity of interacting factors on the structure of cities and their gravitation areas. Starting from these assumptions, the aim of this paper is to (i) introduce the concept of territorial cooperation and multilevel governance, focusing then on its excursus evolution, (ii) analyze the relationship between polycentric regional development, regional cohesion and political entity; (iii) create a set of indicators to measure regional cooperation. Furthermore, the study is applied to an Italian context which provides the initial input for a discussion on smart regional cooperation
The role of transportation system in the requalification process of urban sea front: the Italian case
No full textBeni comuni dello spazio urbano
No full textIl libro, pur considerando che il tema dei beni comuni, o common good, è molto trattato in letteratura con riferimenti e formule ampie, si sofferma sugli aspetti meno dibattuti che riguardano la connessione dei beni comuni con le peculiarità territoriali e soprattutto con la città, considerata il principale riferimento di studio e di creatività. Infatti lo spazio urbano, o urban space, non soltanto svolge un ruolo chiave per conoscere ed interpretare l’habitat su cui si fondano i contenuti e le regole dei beni comuni, ma consente inoltre di sviluppare un processo integrato per modellare e rimodellare le complessità tra principi, aspirazioni degli abitanti e diversi interessi. La città, dunque, come artefatto e come spazio di relazioni positive che, guidata da una buona urbanistica, può incoraggiare la progettualità e l’affermazione di beni comuni sia pubblici che privati. Questo percorso, tuttavia, non è facile perché è influenzato da fattori politici e religiosi, della tradizione e dell’economia che caratterizzano le infinite realtà del mondo, dove si preferisce ignorare il divario sociale ed economico tra le popolazioni privilegiate delle città formali e tutti coloro che vengono privati delle necessità primarie come l’istruzione, l’assistenza sanitaria e i servizi indivisibili. Un aspetto non marginale della politica urbanistica perché da un lato confligge con la giustizia sociale e dall’altro può condizionare le istituzioni democratiche fino a distorcere il significato epistemologico di “bene comune” e la sua traducibilità in fatti concreti. L’argomento del libro è suddiviso in tre parti. Nella prima si esaminano i beni comuni negli aspetti giuridici, economici, sociali e culturali con le applicazioni al territorio. Nella seconda parte il racconto si sofferma sui beni comuni riferiti alla grande dimensione dell’ecosistema e dell’ambiente. Nell’ultima parte, che comunque sottintende tutte le pagine del volume, si affronta la tematica dei beni comuni e la relazione con gli spazi urbani nei quali si possono costruire e affermare. Infine, a conclusione dei diversi capitoli gli autori prospettano alcuni interrogativi con l’intento di attivare un dibattito, sia pure virtuale, per approfondire gli argomenti e per riflettere sugli scenari possibili di intervento
Effect of outdoor footwear bending stiffness on metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics, kinetics, and energy balance during level and uphill walking
No full textIn outdoor footwear, sole properties must guarantee grip with the ground and support the forefoot without altering the kinematics of the metatarsophalangeal joints (MPJ). The present study aimed to implement an objective measure of shoe bending stiffness and investigate the effect of shoes with different bending stiffness on MPJ kinematics, kinetics, and energy balance during walking. The bending stiffness of four shoes was calculated using a customized flexometer. Then, the influence of each footwear on MPJ biomechanics during level and uphill walking was investigated with a motion capture system and a force plate on 10 healthy subjects. Results showed that MPJ peak dorsiflexion angle, stiffness, and energy balance were affected both by shoe bending stiffness (p<0.001) and walking slope (p<0.001). The findings of the study, which quantify the influence of shoe stiffness on MPJ biomechanics, will be helpful in the design of outdoor footwear
Differential efficacy of risperidone versus haloperidol in psychopathological subtypes of subchronic schizophrenia
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of risperidone versus haloperidol in subchronic schizophrenia, using psychopathological subgroups of patients with negative or positive and mixed symptoms to analyse the possible differential efficacy of the drugs. A total of 33 patients diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria entered the 6 week double-blind study with either risperidone or haloperidol 5 mg/day. Twenty-nine patients completed at least 2 weeks of treatment and entered the last observation carried-forward analysis. Both treatments were effective in reducing total scores and positive and negative subscale scores on the Positive and Negative Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), with a significantly better extrapyramidal profile in the risperidone-treated group. When analysis was repeated in each treatment group by psychopathological subtype (negative vs positive-mixed subgroups based on the PANSS composite index), risperidone was significantly superior to haloperidol in the intention to treat analysis in the negative subgroup. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance showed a significantly greater improvement in the PANSS negative subscale scores of risperidone-treated patients in the negative subgroup and a significant improvement in the PANSS positive subscale scores in both psychopathological subtypes. Haloperidol was significantly effective only in reducing positive symptoms in the positive subtype. Our results indicate that risperidone may be proposed for first-line treatment of subchronic schizophrenia, in particular the negative subtype. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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