143,717 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Variation Resilient Adaptive Controller for Subthreshold Circuits
No full textSubthreshold logic is showing good promise as a viable ultra-low-power circuit design technique for power-limited applications. For this design technique to gain widespread adoption, one of the most pressing concerns is how to improve the robustness of subthreshold logic to process and temperature variations. We propose a variation resilient adaptive controller for subthreshold circuits with the following novel features: new sensor based on time-to-digital converter for capturing the variations accurately as digital signatures, and an all-digital DC-DC converter incorporating the sensor capable of generating an operating operating Vdd from 0V to 1.2V with a resolution of 18.75mV, suitable for subthreshold circuit operation. The benefits of the proposed controller is reflected with energy improvement of up to 55% compared to when no controller is employed. The detailed implementation and validation of the proposed controller is discussed
Emerging trends in agri-nanotechnology: fundamental and applied aspects/ editors: Harikesh B. Singh, Sandhya Mishra, Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto, and Renata de Lima.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.This book provides a thorough analysis of the progressive journey in agriculture from green revolution to nano revolution, with recommendations of certain key points to be addressed in current and future agri-nanotechnology research, on the basis of recognized knowledge gaps. It is hoped that the current volume will serve as a reference book for students, scientists, professors, teachers and researchers who are involved in the study and research on the various aspects of agri-nanotechnology.Rewinding the History of Agriculture and Emergence of Nanotechnology in Agriculture / Sandhya Mishra, Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto, Xiaodong Yang and Harikesh B. Singh -- Use of Nanomaterials in Agriculture: Potential Benefits and Challenges / Daiana Silva Ávila, Solange Cristina Garcia, Marcelo Dutra Arbo, Jessica Nardi and Maurício Tavares Jacques -- Green Nanotechnology for Enhanced Productivity in Agriculture / Kelvii Wei Guo -- Nanonutrient from Fungal Protein: Future Prospects on Crop Production / J.C. Tarafdar and Indira Rathore -- Multifarious Applications of Nanotechnology for Enhanced Productivity in Agriculture / K.S. Subramanian, K. Raja and S. Marimuthu -- Different Methods of Nanoparticle Synthesis and Their Comparative Agricultural Applications / Kunzes Dolma -- Nanotoxicity to Agroecosystem: Impact on Soil and Agriculture / Mahendra Rai, Aniket Gade, Avinash P. Ingle, Indarchand Gupta, Raksha Pandit and Carolina Alves dos Santos -- Factors Affecting the Fate, Transport, Bioavailability and Toxicity of Nanoparticles in the Agroecosystem / Sudheer K. Yadav, Jai Singh Patel, Gagan Kumar, Arpan Mukherjee, Anupam Maharshi, Birinchi K. Sarma, Surendra Singh and Harikesh B. Singh -- Nanotechnology: Comprehensive Understanding of Interaction, Toxicity and the Fate of Biosynthesized Nanoparticles in the Agroecosystem / Rahul Singh Rajput, Jyoti Singh, Prachi Singh, Manoj Kumar Chitara, Ratul Moni Ram, Sandhya Mishra and Harikesh B. Singh -- Global Market of Nanomaterials and Colloidal Formulations for Agriculture: An Overview / Estefânia V.R. Campos, Jhones L. de Oliveira, Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto and Renato Grillo -- The Responsible Development of Nanoproducts: Lessons from the Past / Ankit Srivastava and Arohi Srivastava -- Nanotechnology Application and Emergence in Agriculture Semih Otles and Buket Yalcin Sahyar -- Positive and Negative Effects of Nanotechnology / Amira S. Soliman -- Vanguard Nano(bio)sensor Technologies Fostering the Renaissance of Agriculture / Amina Antonacci, Fabiana Arduini and Viviana Scognamiglio -- Current Trends and Future Priorities of Nanofertilizers / Carolina Castro Bueno -- Biosafety and Regulatory Aspects of Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food / Akansha Jain, Harikesh B. Singh and Sampa Das -- Implication of Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Water and Air Pollution / R.K. Chaturvedi -- Role of Nanotechnology in Insect Pest Management / Deepika Chauhan, N.N. Singh and Vijay Kumar Mishra.1 online resource (xix, 302 pages
A lattice Boltzmann formulation to the analysis of radiative heat transfer problems in a participating medium
No full textComposing FOCoRe Hybrid Automata
No full textThis paper addresses questions regarding the decidability ofhybrid automata that may be built hierarchically as is the case in many exemplar systems, be it natural or engineered. Parallel composition canbe considered a fundamental tool in such costructions. Somewhat surprisingly, this operation does not always preseve the decidability of reachability problem i.e., even if we prove the decidability of reachability overcomponent automata, we cannot guarantee the decidability over theirparallel composition. Despite these limitations, this paper provides a re-duction for the reachability problem over parallel composition of first-order constant reset automata (FOCoRe) to the satisfiability of a particular linear Diophantine system. Moreover, since such satisfiability problem have been proved decidable for systems with semi-algebraic coefficients,this paper presents an interesting class of hybrid automata for which the reachability problem of parallel composition is decidable. The resulting hybrid automata appear in systems biological modeling, and hence could be applied when one is interested in understanding a complex biological system composed of many smaller self-organizing systems
NLINLS: a Differential Evolution based nonlinear least squares Fortran 77 program
No full textThis paper provides the list of Fortran 77 codes of nonlinear least squares using Differential Evolution as the minimizer algorithm. It has been tested on a number of difficult nonlinear least squares problems (taken from NIST, USA including CPC-X Software challenge problems). Help on how to use the program also is provided.Nonlinear least squares; Differential Evolution; Fortran 77
Subthreshold FIR filter architecture for ultra low power applications
No full textSubthreshold design has been proposed as an effective technique for designing signal processing circuits needed in wireless sensor nodes powered by sources with limited energy. In this paper we propose a subthreshold FIR architecture which brings the benefits of reduced leakage energy, reduced minimum energy point, reduced operating voltage and increased operating frequency when compared with recently reported subthreshold designs. We shall demonstrate this through the design of a 9-tap FIR filter operating at 220 mV with operational frequency of 126 kHz/sample consuming 168.3 nW or 1,33 pJoules/sample. Furthermore, the area overhead of the proposed method is less than that of the transverse structure often employed in subthreshold filter designs. For example, a 9-tap filter based on transverse structure has 5* higher area than the filter designed using our proposed method
Artificial intelligence-assisted visual inspection for cultural heritage: State-of-the-art review
No full textApplying computer science techniques such as artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), and computer vision (CV) on digital image data can help monitor and preserve cultural heritage (CH) sites. Defects such as weathering, removal of mortar, joint damage, discoloration, erosion, surface cracks, vegetation, seepage, and vandalism and their propagation with time adversely affect the structural health of CH sites. Several studies have reported damage detection in concrete and bridge structures using AI techniques. However, few studies have quantified defects in CH structures using the AI paradigm, and limited case studies exist for their applications. Hence, the application of AI-assisted visual inspections for CH sites needs to be explored. AI-assisted digital inspections assist inspection professionals and increase confidence levels in the damage assessment of CH buildings. This review summarizes the damage assessment techniques using image processing techniques, focusing mainly on DL techniques applied for CH conservation. Several case study applications of CH buildings are presented where AI can assist in traditional visual inspections
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