1,721,100 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
MULTIFUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES WITH SUSTAINED DRUG DELIVERY FOR DIVERSE PERIODONTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL REGENERATION APPLICATIONS
No full textBiomaterial constructs serve as space-filling templates for guided tissue regeneration in critical-sized defects where the tissue would otherwise be unable to regenerate on its own. Such constructs are frequently used in dental and craniofacial bone regeneration applications where trauma, infections, and common diseases (e.g., periodontal disease) usually degrade these skeletal tissues beyond natural repair. However, current biomaterial technologies have limited long-term efficacies and produce bone of varying quality across patients, ultimately making them unpredictable. Current biomaterial constructs are severely limited by their lack of chemical signals (i.e., therapeutic drug delivery) to aid the physical microenvironment signals of the construct design that control stem cell differential fate for predictable regeneration. Additionally, current constructs display an inability to be precisely shaped to defects without destroying specific design features of the physical microenvironment (e.g., scaffold macropores) necessary to guide quality bone formation with.
This thesis rectifies these problems with a series of biomaterial construct technologies optimized from a semi-interpenetrating network of poly-ε-caprolactone-diacrylate (PCL-DA) in poly-L-lactide (PLLA) that possess thermal shape memory (TSM) and nanofiber formation through thermally-induced phase separation. The TSM biomaterials exhibited thermosensitive properties at temperatures above 50C, enabling them to attain a rubbery state with enhanced shaping properties or recover their memorized shape via shape memory. The first technology utilizes the partial phase separation of PCL-DA and PLLA within a two-dimensional TSM biomaterial thin film construct and its consequential biphasic morphology to develop a novel tissue engineering membrane for periodontal regeneration capable of defect protection and regeneration. This tissue engineering membrane presents high sutureability and shapeability at clinically-feasible transition temperatures but resists suture pull-out at physiological temperatures. Furthermore, a novel drug delivery system was installed into the nanofibrous bottom layer of these membranes by embedding PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating protein and small molecule therapeutics into the nanofibers. The nanoparticles were unidirectionally released due to the biphasic hydrolytic degradation of the membranes at an approximately linear rate measured for up to 81 days, allowing for sustained unidirectional therapeutic delivery. The drug delivery system was used to deliver platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in-vivo directly into a periodontal defect, resulting in significantly enhanced periodontal regeneration and bone mineralization in a critical-sized periodontal defect rat model that outperformed a clinical-standard commercial brand of FDA-approved periodontal membranes. Overall, this membrane technology presents a versatile strategy for facilitating tissue regeneration and sustained therapeutic delivery, while also offering protection from the oral cavity and possessing convenient clinical-handling properties. It represents an important advance over current periodontal membranes.
The second technology utilizes the invented TSM biomaterial in a three-dimensional application for the development of a novel thermosensitive, memorized-microstructure (TS-MMS) scaffold. The TS-MMS scaffold showed a homogenous, nanofibrous morphology with thermosensitive shaping and macropore shape memory. The scaffold was characterized for its physical and thermal properties to be optimized for its ability to be shaped to irregular defects and to recover its spherical macropores via thermal shape memory. Additionally, a nanofiber-embedded nanoparticle drug delivery system was incorporated into the TS-MMS scaffold using a newly designed sugar-particle adhesion method. The release from the drug delivery system was measured for up to 40 days but was projected to extend as far out as 90 days. In-vivo experiments using TS-MMS scaffolds and TS- MMS scaffolds with simvastatin showed that the scaffolds promoted cell migration, adhesion, microvascular formation, and osteogenesis. The TS-MMS scaffolds with simvastatin release showed the most significant advances in these areas, resulting in highly mature tissue and extracellular matrix formation within those scaffolds.HonorsChemical ScienceUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/191206/1/woodbuse_-_Seth_Woodbury.pd
The Effect of Tsc1 Deletion on Craniofacial Bone Development
No full textCranial base is important to the development of craniofacial skeleton since it is connected to face and cranial vault, functioning as a supporting platform of brain and foundation structure of skull. Developmental defects in the cranial base may lead to clinical symptoms such as midfacial hypoplasia. Synchondroses in the cranial base, including ISS (intersphenoid synchondrosis) and SOS (spheno-occipital synchondrosis), are growth centers and critical to the development of cranial facial bone. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Tsc1 deletion in chondrocytes on the craniofacial bone development. The part I pilot study showed that the CKOP0-Cre, CKOCol2a1-Cre and CKOATC-Cre mice had disrupted skull development with varied severity and distinct changes in synchondroses. The difference in phenotypes suggested different roles of Tsc1 gene at different differentiation stages of chondrocyte. The part II study focused on the Col2a1-Cre model. Tsc1 deletion by Col2a1-Cre led to skull defects in mice including a decrease in the length of cranial base; a decrease in facial width and height; and rounder cranial cavity. Besides morphological change, both ISS and SOS were significantly expanded in the CKOCol2a1-Cre mice, primarily by increased cell number and size in the resting zone. We present a model to conclude the study that upregulated mTORC1 activity led to abnormally high expression of IHH and PTHrP-r in resting zone chondrocytes, which may lead to the premature differentiation and the failure to transition into proliferative zone, resulting in the accumulation of cells in the resting zone with consequent expansion of the resting zone.Master of Science (MS)ProsthodonticsUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150098/1/Yuan-Lynn_Hsieh_Thesis-Final.pdfDescription of Yuan-Lynn_Hsieh_Thesis-Final.pdf : Restricted to UM users only
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
