18,741 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
Get PDFAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
Get PDFAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
Get PDFThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
Get PDFThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
ADAM-SDMH: A DAtaset from Manipal for Severity Detection in Tweets related to Mental Health
No full textReadme file for ADAM-SDMH: A DAtaset from Manipal for Severity Detection in Tweets related to Mental Health Generated on 2021-02-15Recommended citation for the dataset:P. Surana, M. Yusuf and S. Singh, "Severity Classification of Mental Health-Related Tweets," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER), 2021, pp. 336-341, DOI: 10.1109/DISCOVER52564.2021.9663651.******************************PROJECT INFORMATION******************************1. Title of dataset: Mental Health Dataset2. Author information:Praatibh Surana, Manipal Institute of Technology,Mirza Yusuf, Manipal Institute of Technology,Sanjay Singh, Manipal Institute of TechnologyPrincipal Investigators Name: Praatibh SuranaAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]: Mirza YusufAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]: Sanjay SinghAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]. Date of data collection: Jan 2021 - Feb 2021************************************DATA ACCESS INFORMATION************************************1. Licences/restrictions placed on access to the dataset: CC BY 4.02. Links to publications that use the data:URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9663651,DOI: 10.1109/DISCOVER52564.2021.96636513. Links to a third party or secondary data used in the project (for example, existing datasets, third-party datasets)Pennington, Jeffrey et al. “GloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation.” EMNLP (2014).DOI: https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/d14-1162*****************************************METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION*****************************************1. Describe the methods for data collection and/or provide links to papers describing data collection methodsPaper DOI :Our research revolved around correctly classifying tweets based on their severity in a mental health context. An effort was also made to make the models detect sarcasm better, as this was something that many models in the past failed to do. Our dataset consists of tweets labeled as ‘0’, ‘1’, and '2' depending on their classes. The labeling rules followed are given in Table 1TABLE 1 - SEVERITY CLASSIFICATION CLASSES AND EXAMPLES-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Class | Rules | Example | |0 | Helping / suggestion for mental health awareness | Are you suffering from anxiety? Check out this page for therapy through Skype! | / positivity / informative | | / motivational | | / questions about mental health | | |1 | Sarcasm/rant/expression of annoyance | Today was so annoying. If my teacher would have called my name, I swear to God I would have killed myself | |2 | Case of slight disturbance | All I am is a burden. I don’t want to live anymore. | / strong indication of disturbance | | / user outright mentions depression | | / anxiety / suicide / self-harm |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The following steps were performed for data collection:1) Tweets were extracted with the help of Twitter’s official API using hashtags such as #depression, #mentalhealth, #anxiety, #selfharm, #killmyself, and #kms from users.2) Around 40,000 tweets were extracted from Twitter between January and February 2021, out of which the final dataset comprised of 2460 tweets; 820 tweets were distributed equally amongst the three classes.3) Two authors manually annotated the dataset and cross-verified it to ensure accurate labeling.2. Data processing methods:A. Preprocessing1) Removal of numbers, URLs, usernames, and special characters: The first step after extraction of the tweets was ensuring that they were suitable for further use. The “preprocessor” uses the Python library to eliminate numbers, retweets, URLs, emojis, emoticons, and usernames, followed by duplicate tweets removal from the dataset.2) Stopword removal and expansion of standard abbreviations: We made use of Python’s “nltk” library for the removal of common stopwords such as “for,” “the,” “a,” etc. As our data is sourced from Twitter, lots of common internet abbreviations like “lol,” “kms,” “gn,”etc., were used. It was taken care of by converting these short forms to their corresponding complete forms. Lots of short forms like “wanna” for “want to” and “gonna” for “going to” were used. We ensured that these, too, were taken care of to the best of our abilities. 3) Removal of names, so that anonymity is maintained. Names of people, places, twitter handles anything that could compromise the anonymity has been removed, a token named as ‘[redacted]’ has been used in their place instead.*******************************SUMMARY OF DATA FILE*******************************Filename: MentalHealthTweets.csvShort description: This CSV File contains 2460 tweets annotated ‘0’, ‘1’ or ‘2’ based on the class they belong to.*******************************************************************DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR NOTE: This section should be copied and pasted for each file*******************************************************************1. Number of variables: 22. Number of cases rows: 24613. Missing data codes: NA4. Variable listThe variables and their properties have been provided in Table 2TABLE 2 - VARIABLE DESCRIPTION TABLE----------------------------------------------------------------------Variable Name | Variable Description | Variable Type | |tweets | Cleaned up tweet | String | |label | Annotation for tweet | Integer---------------------------------------------------------------------
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
Get PDFThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Interview. Matthew Joseph with Adam Gussow, musician and author
Get PDFInterview in which Adam Gussow discusses hill country blues musi
Książę Adam Jerzy Czartoryski i jego stronnicy w świetle historiografii ukraińskiej
Get PDFIn 1937, the Warsaw historian Marceli Handelsman published a work entitled Ukraińska polityka
ks. Adama Czartoryskiego przed wojną krymską [Ukrainian politics of Prince Adam Czartoryski
before the Crimean War]. So far, this book has been used by historians as the primary source of
information on the Ukrainian issue in the views of the Hotel Lambert’s leader. The author of this
text has decided to collect Ukrainian works referring to the topic inaugurated by Handelsman. Unfortunately, no larger study has been prepared on the Ukrainian side. However, a number of articles
and encyclopaedic notes showing Prince Adam and his Eastern policy (especially during his stay
at the court of Tsar Alexander I Romanov) has been published. Ukrainian authors paid much more
attention to Czartoryski’s associates, who tried to put his ideas into practice. Ukrainian researchers
wrote mainly about Michał Czaykowski (Sadyk Pasha) organizing the Cossack troops in the Ottoman Empire, about Hipolit Terlecki striving for the union of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic
Churches, and finally about the ethnographer and writer Franciszek Duchiński clearly separating
Ukraine from Russia in his writings
Adam smith and the Church of Scotland
Get PDFIn contrast to the French Enlightenment, the Scottish Enlightenment was neither anticlerical nor anti-religious. Intellectuals such as William Robertson, a historian, Hugh Blair, professor of rhetoric and belles letters, Adam Ferguson, professor of natural and later moral philosophy, John Home, playwright, Alexander Carlyle, author of numerous pamphlets were all ministers in the Church of Scotland and belonged to the Moderate party. Adam Smith shared the culture of intellectuals of this party. They had a love of learning, faith in reason and science, a preference for social order and stability and a commitment to religious tolerance and freedom of expression. Smith was one of the founding members of the Select Society and one of contributors of Edinburgh Review with William Robertson and others. In Wealth of Nations Smith had mentioned on the Church of Scotland. He praised ministers as ‘a learned, decent, independent and respectable sets of men’ and that they maintained ‘the uniformity of faith, the spirit of order, regularity, and austere morals in the great body of the people’.departmental bulletin pape
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