1,720,973 research outputs found
Autophagy: Eating Myself as a Requirement for the Skin Health
Get PDFCells recycle their components during starvation through aprocess called autophagy. It is a normal cellular mechanism related tophysiological actions such as nutrient and energy metabolism.In the skin as in other organs, one normal function of autophagyis related to the immune system as the control of mycotic, bacterialand viral infections. Genetic alterations cause amino acid substitutionsin proteins, when it?s involved to autophagy compounds, results inalterations of the defense mechanisms of the host. They have beenrecently involved in the pathogenesis of immunological disorderssuch as systemic lupus erythematosus, vitiligo and oral lichen planus.Furthermore, alterations in autophagy process induce a moreaggressive behavior and reduced life expectancy in squamouscell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. The aim of this review isdescribe the molecular process of autophagy and how alterations ofcomponents of this process are linked to the development of diversesskin pathologies.The understanding of molecular mechanisms involved inautophagy promises new diagnostic and treatment perspectives,mainly in autoimmune diseases and skin cancer.Fil: Rinflerch, Adriana Raquel. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: De Luca, David Aldo. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Galimberti, Ricardo Luis. Hospital Italiano; Argentin
Expression-based analysis of genes related to single nucleotide polymorphism hits associated with bovine leukemia virus proviral load in Argentinean dairy cattle
Get PDFIn dairy cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the proviral load (PVL) level is directly related to the viral transmission from infected animals to their healthy herdmates. Two contrasting phenotypic groups can be identified when assessing PVL in peripheral blood of infected cows. A large number of reports point to bovine genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms) as one of the key determinants underlying PVL level. However, biological mechanisms driving BLV PVL profiles and infection progression in cattle have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated whether a set of candidate genes affecting BLV PVL level according to whole genome association studies are differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from phenotypically contrasting groups of BLV-infected cows. During a 10-mo-long sampling scheme, 129 Holstein cows were phenotyped measuring anti-BLV antibody levels, PVL quantification, and white blood cell subpopulation counts. Finally, the expression of 8 genes (BOLA-DRB3, PRRC2A, ABT1, TNF, BAG6, BOLA-A, LY6G5B, and IER3) located within the bovine major histocompatibility complex region harboring whole genome association SNP hits was evaluated in 2 phenotypic groups: high PVL (n = 7) and low PVL (n = 8). The log2 initial fluorescence value (N0) transformed mean expression values for the ABT1 transcription factor were statistically different in high- and low-PVL groups, showing a higher expression of the ABT1 gene in low-PVL cows. The PRRC2A and IER3 genes had a significant positive (correlation coefficient = 0.61) and negative (correlation coefficient = −0.45) correlation with the lymphocyte counts, respectively. Additionally, the relationships between gene expression values and lymphocyte counts were modeled using linear regressions. Lymphocyte levels in infected cows were better explained (coefficient of determination = 0.56) when fitted a multiple linear regression model using both PRRC2A and IER3 expression values as independent variables. The present study showed evidence of differential gene expression between contrasting BLV infection phenotypes. These genes have not been previously related to BLV pathobiology. This valuable information represents a step forward in understanding the BLV biology and the immune response of naturally infected cows under a commercial milk production system. Efforts to elucidate biological mechanisms leading to BLV infection progression in cows are valuable for BLV control programs. Further studies integrating genotypic data, global transcriptome analysis, and BLV progression phenotypes are needed to better understand the BLV–host interaction.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Petersen, Marcos Iván. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Petersen, Marcos Iván. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Petersen, Marcos Iván. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Carignano, Hugo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Carignano, Hugo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Carignano, Hugo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Suarez Archilla, Guillermo. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Caffaro, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Irene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Irene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Trono, Karina Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Trono, Karina Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Trono, Karina Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentin
Modelling the impact of antibody-dependent enhancement on disease severity of Zika virus and dengue virus sequential and co-infection
Get PDFHuman infections with viruses of the genus Flavivirus, including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), are of increasing global importance. Owing to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), secondary infection with one Flavivirus following primary infection with another Flavivirus can result in a significantly larger peak viral load with a much higher risk of severe disease. Although several mathematical models have been developed to quantify the virus dynamics in the primary and secondary infections of DENV, little progress has been made regarding secondary infection of DENV after a primary infection of ZIKV, or DENV-ZIKV co-infection. Here, we address this critical gap by developing compartmental models of virus dynamics. We first fitted the models to published data on dengue viral loads of the primary and secondary infections with the observation that the primary infection reaches its peak much more gradually than the secondary infection. We then quantitatively show that ADE is the key factor determining a sharp increase/decrease of viral load near the peak time in the secondary infection. In comparison, our simulations of DENV and ZIKV co-infection (simultaneous rather than sequential) show that ADE has very limited influence on the peak DENV viral load. This indicates pre-existing immunity to ZIKV is the determinant of a high level of ADE effect. Our numerical simulations show that (i) in the absence of ADE effect, a subsequent co-infection is beneficial to the second virus; and (ii) if ADE is feasible, then a subsequent co-infection can induce greater damage to the host with a higher peak viral load and a much earlier peak time for the second virus, and for the second peak for the first virus.Fil: Tang, Biao. University of York; Reino Unido. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Xiao, Yanni. Xi'an Jiaotong University; ChinaFil: Sander, Beate. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Kulkarni, Manisha A.. University of Ottawa; CanadáFil: Wu, Jianhong. University of York; Reino UnidoFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentin
Molecular characterization of yerba mate chlorosis-associated virus, a putative cytorhabdovirus infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis)
Get PDFWe present the molecular characterization of a new virus infecting yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) in Argentina. Deep sequencing of diseased yerba mate plants showing chlorotic linear patterns, chlorotic rings, and vein yellowing resulted in the identification of a new virus resembling plant rhabdoviruses in sequence and genome structure. We have determined the complete genome sequence of this virus, which is 12,876 nt long. Seven open reading frames (ORFs) were identified in the antigenomic orientation of the negative-sense, single-stranded viral RNA, in the order 3´-N-P-P3-P4-M-G-L-5´. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the described virus is a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, which was supported by the observation of rhabdovirus-like particles within the cytoplasm of infected yerba mate cells. The virus has been tentatively named "yerba mate chlorosis-associated virus" (YmCaV). The availability of the YmCaV genome sequence will contribute to assessing the genetic variability of this virus and determining its role in this yerba mate disease.Fil: Bejerman, Nicolas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: de Breuil, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Debat, Humberto Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Badaracco, Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nome, Claudia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentin
Arbovirus vectors of epidemiological concern in the Americas: A scoping review of entomological studies on Zika, dengue and chikungunya virus vectors
Get PDFBackground Three arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) causing human disease have been the focus of a large number of studies in the Americas since 2013 due to their global spread and epidemiological impacts: Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. A large proportion of infections by these viruses are asymptomatic. However, all three viruses are associated with moderate to severe health consequences in a small proportion of cases. Two mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are among the world´s most prominent arboviral vectors, and are known vectors for all three viruses in the Americas. Objectives This review summarizes the state of the entomological literature surrounding the mosquito vectors of Zika, dengue and chikungunya viruses and factors affecting virus transmission. The rationale of the review was to identify and characterize entomological studies that have been conducted in the Americas since the introduction of chikungunya virus in 2013, encompassing a period of arbovirus co-circulation, and guide future research based on identified knowledge gaps. Methods The preliminary search for this review was conducted on PubMed (National Library of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States). The search included the terms ´zika´ OR ´dengue´ OR ´chikungunya´ AND ´vector´ OR ´Aedes aegypti´ OR ´Aedes albopictus´. The search was conducted on March 1st of 2018, and included all studies since January 1st of 2013. Results A total of 96 studies were included in the scoping review after initial screening and subsequent exclusion of out-of-scope studies, secondary data publications, and studies unavailable in English language. Key findings We observed a steady increase in number of publications, from 2013 to 2018, with half of all studies published from January 2017 to March 2018. Interestingly, information on Zika virus vector species composition was abundant, but sparse on Zika virus transmission dynamics. Few studies examined natural infection rates of Zika virus, vertical transmission, or co-infection with other viruses. This is in contrast to the wealth of research available on natural infection and co-infection for dengue and chikungunya viruses, although vertical transmission research was sparse for all three viruses.Fil: Jones, Reilly. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Kulkarni, Manisha A.. University of Ottawa; CanadáFil: Davidson, Thomas M.V.. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Sander, Beate. Public Health Ontario; CanadáFil: González, Camila. Universidad de Los Andes; VenezuelaFil: Wu, Jianhong. York University ; CanadáFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Espinel, Mauricio. Universidad Laica Elroy Alfaro de Manabí; EcuadorFil: Cevallos Viteri, Varsovia Enid. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Cevallos, Varsovia. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Talbot, Benoit. University of Ottawa; Canad
Manual de Bioseguridad y buenas prácticas de Laboratorio
No full textFil: Ferreras, Julian Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: del Pozo, Marcela Roxana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Arguëlles, Carina FranciscA. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Maria Betiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Depasquino, Anibal Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Buemo, Carla Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Kuhlmann, Pamela Angelique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Uribe Cruz, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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