66 research outputs found
Parental AcceptanceâRejection and Adolescent Maladjustment: Mothersâ and Fathersâ Combined Roles
No full textIn this study we examined the relationship between adolescent reports of paternal and maternal acceptance–rejection and adolescent maladjustment to test the hypothesis that inter-parental inconsistency was a specific risk factor for maladjustment. The participants were 2624 adolescents (1316 boys) aged between 10 and 16 years. Perceived maternal and paternal acceptance–rejection—defined in terms of the framework of interpersonal acceptance–rejection theory—and anxiety–depression symptoms and aggressive behaviors were assessed. The intraclass correlation coefficients were performed to evaluate the impact of inter-parental inconsistency on adolescent adjustment. Moreover, a cluster analysis was used to uncover patterns in combinations of maternal and paternal acceptance–rejection. Our findings show that, in general, adolescents perceive their mothers and fathers as similarly accepting or rejecting. Parental rejection was associated with adolescent maladjustment. Inter-parental inconsistency in acceptance–rejection was also associated with maladaptive symptoms and behaviors. Living in a non-intact family amplified the effects of rejection and inter-parental inconsistency. Effects of parental rejection are observed also during adolescence; both parents are equally influential and even one rejecting parent is risk factor for adolescent maladjustment
The contribution of school-related parental monitoring, self-determination, and self-efficacy to academic achievement
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the contribution of school-related parental monitoring (SR-PM), self-determined motivation, and academic self-efficacy to academic achievement across time. The authors hypothesized that SR-PM would affect academic achievement indirectly via its effects on self-determined motivation and academic self-efficacy beliefs. The participants were 501 adolescents (220 boys; 281 girls) in Grades 6 and 9 as well as their mothers and fathers. We carried out a 2-year, multi-informant study in which the authors assessed SR-PM (maternal and paternal reports), self-determined motivation and academic self-efficacy (self-report), and academic achievement (school records). The authors used structural equation model analysis to test the hypotheses. The analysis shows that SR-PM was positively associated with self-determined motivation and academic self-efficacy and that self-determined motivation and academic self-efficacy affected academic achievement. Furthermore, analyses of indirect effects showed that SR-PM influences academic achievement via its effects on self-determined motivation and academic self-efficacy
Effects of parental monitoring and exposure to community violence on antisocial behavior and anxiety/depression among adolescents
No full textThe aim of the research was to investigate the influence of gender, exposure
to community violence, and parental monitoring upon antisocial behavior
and anxiety/depression in adolescence. Involved in the study were 489
adolescents (290 males and 189 females) from 4 secondary schools in the
city of Naples, Italy. The age of participants ranged from 16 to 19 (mean age
= 17.53, standard deviation = 1.24). All were in the 3rd (11th grade) or 5th
year (13th grade) of high school. Self-reported measures were used to assess
antisocial behavior, symptoms of anxiety/depression, parental monitoring
and exposure to community violence as a victim or as a witness. First of
all we tested, through a hierarchical multiple regression, the independent
contribution of gender, exposure to community violence and parental
monitoring upon antisocial behavior and symptoms of anxiety/depression;
then we tested the moderating role of gender and parental monitoring on
the negative effects of exposure to violence. The results show that male
gender, high level of exposure to community violence (both as a victim and a witness), and low level of parental monitoring predict a higher involvement
in antisocial behavior. Female gender, being a victim and low level of parental
monitoring predict symptoms of anxiety/depression. Furthermore, parental
monitoring and gender play a moderating role, minimizing or amplifying
the negative effects of exposure to community violence. The results of the
research suggest that a similar pattern of risk and protective factors can give
rise to multiple paths of adaptive or maladaptive development
Compliance mechanisms under selected multilateral environmental agreements, (Co-author Ulrich Beyerlin)
No full textThe Figure of the Limit: Metalepsis
No full textIn 1972, Gérard Genette introduced in narratology the figure of metalepsis, that is «any intrusion by the extradiegetic narrator or narratee into the diegetic universe (or by diegetic characters into a metadiegetic universe, etc.), or the inverse». In other words, metalepsis is a transgression of narrative levels, a perturbation of hierarchy that raises the question of the porosity of boundaries between diegetic and metadiegetic, author and reader, fact and fiction.
In my presentation, I will show how this phenomenon is ubiquitous nowadays, and how it is settled both in highbrow and lowbrow cultural representations across various media.
Furthermore, I wish I can discuss the role of metalepsis in poetics: in my opinion, it is possible to relate this device with the history of the novel. In XVIII and XIX centuries authorial narrators made extensive use of rhetoric metalepsis for humoristic purposes (such as playing with the story-time and the discourse-time) or to exhibit their authority (through the manipulation of different threads of the narration). With Naturalism and Modernism metalepsis disappeared, according to the poetic of impersonality: authors stopped being intrusive and eclipsed behind their characters. The golden era of the figure came in the temper of Postmodernism, where ontological metalepsis flourished and the public got used to author and reader literary entering the fiction or characters exiting from it and chitchatting with their creators
Attributions and Attitudes of Mothers and Fathers in Italy
No full textObjective. The present study examined mean level similarities and differences as well as correlations between mothers' and fathers' attributions regarding successes and failures in caregiving situations and progressive versus authoritarian attitudes. Design. Interviews were conducted with mothers and fathers in 177 Italian families from Rome and Naples. Results. Fathers' attributions reflected higher perceived control over failure than did mothers' attributions, whereas mothers reported attitudes that were more progressive than did fathers. Only the difference in progressive attitudes remained significant after controlling for parents' age, education, and possible social desirability bias. Site differences emerged for 4 of the 7 attributions and attitudes examined; 3 remained significant after controlling for parents' age, education, and possible social desirability bias. The authors found medium effect sizes for concordance between parents in the same family for authoritarian attitudes and modernity of attitudes after controlling for parents' age, education, and possible social desirability bias. Conclusions. This work elucidates ways that parent gender and cultural context relate to attributions regarding parents' success and failure in caregiving situations and to progressive versus authoritarian parenting attitudes
Memories of parenting styles and communicative processes in adolescence
No full textThis study aims to (a) examine the links between adolescents’ memories of authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles and parent–child communicative processes; (b) test adolescents’ and parents’ gender differences. Data were collected from 479 Italian adolescents (Mage = 16.62 years; SDage = 1.46) attending public high schools. Participants completed Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire and Parental Solicitation and Child Disclosure scales. Results indicated that memories of maternal authoritative style were significantly related to both parental solicitation and child disclosure, whereas memories of paternal authoritative style were significantly linked only with parental solicitation. No significant links involving neither authoritarian nor permissive styles were found and no differences between adolescent genders were identified. Present findings suggest that parent–child relationships featuring both warmth and control built through past interactions facilitate communicative processes during adolescence. Future research is needed to confirm the strong relationship between authoritative parenting style and communicative processes in adolescence
Andrea e gli argentieri Memingher in Sicilia
No full textAndrea Memingher è una tra le più enigmatiche figure di argentieri attivi a Palermo nella seconda metà del XVII secolo. Si può ritenere che la famiglia avesse origini nordiche e che, dopo un passaggio a Napoli, si stabilisse definitivamente a Palermo, inserendosi nella maestranza degli orafi e argentieri della città, probabilmente grazie ad un matrimonio con una figlia o una sorella o una vedova di un membro palermitano della maestranza. La presenza di Paolo Memingher nel capoluogo siciliano è attestata già nel 1660, due anni prima della data di inizio della sua attività, protrattasi fino al 1678. Il più importante esponente della famiglia fu Andrea, figlio di Paolo, il quale dovette la sua fama, al di là dell’abilità e dell’origine straniera, anche al suo status di padre gesuita. Il saggio studia la figura dell’artista, attivo dal 1670 al 1738, anno di morte, autore di un consistente corpus di opere giunto fino a noi, e dei congiunti che operarono nel medesimo contesto.Andrea Memingher is one of the most enigmatic figures of silversmiths active in Palermo in the second half of the seventeenth century. It can be assumed that the family had Nordic origins and that, after a passage to Naples, it settled permanently in Palermo, entering the mastery of the goldsmiths and silversmiths of the city, probably thanks to a marriage with a daughter or a sister or a widow of a Palermitan member of the mastery. The presence of Paolo Memingher in the Sicilian capital is attested as early as 1660, two years before the start of his activity, which lasted until 1678. The most important exponent of the family was Andrea, son of Paolo, who owed his fame, beyond the ability and foreign origin, even to his status as a Jesuit father. The essay studies the figure of the artist, active since 1670 to 1738, the year of his death, author of a substantial body of works that has come to us, and of the relatives who worked in the same context
The reciprocal effects of learning motivation, perceived academic self-efficacy and academic performance in adolescence: a four-wave longitudinal study
No full textThe purpose of this study was to observe how within-person variation in motivation, self-efficacy and academic performance scores are correlated or can be predicted. The reciprocal association between these variables was analysed through a four-wave longitudinal study and a within-person analytical approach (random intercept cross-lagged panel model, RI-CLPM). A total of 932 adolescents, 417 boys and 515 girls (Mage = 14.34 years, SD =.90) enrolled in the first year of high school (9th grade) participated in the study. Questionnaires on motivation and self-efficacy were administered once a year for four years. At the end of each school year, teachers’ evaluations of students’ academic performance, expressed in school grades, were collected. The cross-lagged paths of the RI-CLPM suggested that higher-than-expected self-reported levels of self-efficacy were associated with above-average levels of motivation one year later and vice versa. In addition, adolescents who reported higher-than-expected levels of self-efficacy showed above-average levels of academic performance one year later and vice versa, and only adolescents who reported higher-than-expected levels of academic performance had above-average levels of motivation, but not vice versa. However, a mediation analysis revealed an indirect role of motivation in academic performance through self-efficacy. Implementing projects that strengthen motivation and self-efficacy can thus reduce the risk of poor academic performance and leaving school. Preventing young people from dropping out of school can help promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Cultural values, parenting and child adjustment in Italy
No full text: The present study examined the association of mothers' and fathers' individualism, collectivism and conformity values with parenting behaviours and child adjustment during middle childhood in an Italian sample. Children (n = 194; 95 from Naples and 99 from Rome; 49% girls) were 10.93 years old (SD = .61) at the time of data collection. Their mothers (n = 194) and fathers (n = 152) also participated. Mother and father reports were collected about parental individualism and collectivism, conformity values, warmth, family obligations expectations and their children's internalising and externalising problems. Child reports were collected about their parents' warmth, psychological control, rules/limit-setting, family obligations expectations and their own internalising and externalising behaviours. Multiple regressions predicted each of the parenting and child adjustment variables from the value variables, controlling for child gender and parent education. Results showed that maternal collectivism was associated with high psychological control, parental collectivism was associated with high expectations regarding children's family obligations and fathers' conformity values were associated with more child internalising behaviours. Overall, the present study shed light on how parents' cultural values are related to some parenting practices and children's internalising problems in Italy
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