29 research outputs found
The diagnostic and prognostic implications of silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions in periodontal lesions
No full textBackground: The periodontal lesions with cellular proliferation can be assessed by various methods. One of the most recent methods to determine the proliferative activity is silver-staining nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, if AgNOR count can act as a proliferative marker and can aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of periodontal lesions. Materials and Methods: For this study, subjects with healthy gingival status, non-neoplastic lesions, neoplastic lesions, and plaque-induced gingivitis were included. Following the provisional diagnosis of clinical entity, biopsies were taken from the respective selected sites for histopathological diagnosis. In plaque-induced gingivitis cases, a second biopsy was taken from the selected sites 3 weeks following scaling. After histological confirmation, one more section was prepared, which was subjected to AgNOR staining, and AgNOR numbers were counted by individual and cluster counts and statistically analyzed. Results: Results showed the highest AgNOR count in neoplastic lesions. Non-neoplastic lesions showed a higher AgNOR count as compared to clinically healthy gingiva. Plaque-induced gingivitis showed a considerable reduction in AgNOR count after treatment. Conclusion: Results of this study confirmed that AgNOR count reflects the cellular proliferation and has a limited diagnostic value. However, the prognostic value of AgNOR for periodontal lesions is dependable
Periodontal implications of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region: A mini reviewPeriodontal implications of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region: A mini review
No full textThe periodontal lesions with cellular proliferation can be assessed by various methods. One of the methods to determine the proliferative activity is silver-staining argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining. AgNOR can be used as diagnostic and prognostic tool for many of periodontal lesions which are proliferative in nature and may be quantitative marker of incipient cellular alterations before the histologic hallmarks appear. Hence, this paper reviewed about the periodontal applications of AgNOR staining
Ectopic Liver within the Placental Parenchyma of a Stillborn Fetus
No full textRarely, liver tissue can be seen in the umbilical cord, where it is thought to result from ectopic localization during embryogenesis. The placental parenchyma is also a rare site for this occurrence. The exact pathophysiology of ectopic liver in the placenta is unknown. It has been considered that aberrant migration or displacement of cells from the developing hepatic buds leads to ectopic liver formation, including groups of liver cells that become entrapped in the foregut as the diaphragm closes. Additional hypotheses put forward have included monodermal teratoma and hepatocellular adenoma. While the lesions may not actually be adenomas, this term has been most utilized in the literature. Hepatocellular adenomas of the placenta are extremely rare; only nine cases have been reported thus far. We report an additional occurrence of ectopic liver in the placenta, which is the only one reported in a stillborn, and review the literature.Peer reviewe
Gene therapy in periodontics
No full textGENES are made of DNA - the code of life. They are made up of two types of base pair from different number of hydrogen bonds AT, GC which can be turned into instruction. Everyone inherits genes from their parents and passes them on in turn to their children. Every person′s genes are different, and the changes in sequence determine the inherited differences between each of us. Some changes, usually in a single gene, may cause serious diseases. Gene therapy is ′the use of genes as medicine′. It involves the transfer of a therapeutic or working gene copy into specific cells of an individual in order to repair a faulty gene copy. Thus it may be used to replace a faulty gene, or to introduce a new gene whose function is to cure or to favorably modify the clinical course of a condition. It has a promising era in the field of periodontics. Gene therapy has been used as a mode of tissue engineering in periodontics. The tissue engineering approach reconstructs the natural target tissue by combining four elements namely: Scaffold, signaling molecules, cells and blood supply and thus can help in the reconstruction of damaged periodontium including cementum, gingival, periodontal ligament and bone
Sensitivity study of engine design parameters to climate impact
No full textIn the last few years, there has been a growing awareness regarding the climate impact of aviation in the general public. With global warming effects becoming more severe, it is important that aviation drastically reduce its emission footprint to keep the impact on the climate lower. There have been ongoing efforts by various organizations such as ICAO and ACARE which have led to the formulation of ambitious targets for reducing aviation emissions in the future. In the past, the main goal of improving aero-engine performance has generally been to increase the operating pressure and temperature, thereby improving the cycle efficiency leading to lower fuel consumption, and consequently, lower CO2 emissions. However, this increase also leads to more NOx emissions from the engine, as NOx emissions are sensitive to engine pressure and temperature variations. The climate impact of aviation is mainly driven by long-term impacts from the CO2 emissions and short-term impacts from the non-CO2 emissions. This thesis aims to analyze the sensitivity of the turbofan engine design parameters towards the impact on the climate in terms of near-surface temperature change due to the various emission species. A detailed methodology was developed for the thesis, encompassing different aspects such as aircraft performance, emission prediction, engine modeling, emission inventories, and climate analysis. The aircraft performance model, the emission prediction model, and the emission inventory model were developed specifically for the purpose of this thesis. The engine modeling was done in the Gas Turbine Simulation Program (GSP), which is a modeling tool used for the development and simulation of gas turbine systems. The climate analysis was carried out in AirClim, which is a surrogate model obtained from the results of Climate-Chemistry models, meant for comparing aviation technological options from a climate impact point of view. The results from the thesis are intended to develop a better understanding of the relationships in the field of aviation emissions, especially concerning the tradeoffs between the CO2 and the non-CO2 effects, since the relationship between design parameters, emissions, and climate impact is not straightforward.Aerospace Engineerin
Experimental animal models used for evaluation of potential immunomodulators: A mini review
No full textExperimental animal models used for evaluation of potential immunomodulators: A mini review
No full textPreclinical models of immunomodulatory studies are indispensable part in the process of drug discovery and development. Still, they are mimeo of human immunostimulation/suppression provided heterogeneity of latter. This review discusses various preclinical models of immunomodulatory studies viz. cell lines for immunomodulatory studies, murine models include humoral antibody (HA) response, delayed type hypersensitivity response, macrophage phagocytosis by carbon clearance method, effect on total leucocytes count, leucocyte mobilization studies, mice lethality test Fish models include phagocytosis by fish blood lymphocytes, specific and non-specific response in fish and intestinal bacterial colonization; whereas pathogen infestation model includes immunomodulation against Eimeria vermiformis.A portfolio of these biological models has to be utilized strategically as the specific stage of process of drug discovery. During selection of such model it has to be kept in mind that the model must be physiologically relevant. At the same time, it should be able to aid in prediction of human response. Never the less, apart from being âphysiologically relevantâ, the decisive âproofâ regarding safety and efficacy of test drugs lies human studies. Still, sensible construal and envision of data resulting from these models to humans, and a conformingly more prominence placed on medical research during early stage of clinical trials, are therefore indispensable to mend on the clinical study rates for discovery of novel immunomodulatory agents. Keywords: Immunomodulator, Animal model, Rodent, Fish, Cell lin
To evaluate the antigingivitis and antipalque effect of an Azadirachta indica (neem) mouthrinse on plaque induced gingivitis: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
No full textBackground: Azadirachta indica (neem), a Meliaceae family tree, has been used in India for several decades for the treatment of several diseases in medicine and dentistry. Neem has been considered to have antiseptic activity, but still its use for the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis is not very clear. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy of neem based mouth rinse regarding its antigingivitis effect. Materials and Methods: Forty five subjects with plaque induced gingivitis were selected for the study. They were equally divided into three groups. Group I patients were asked to rinse with 15 ml of neem mouthwash twice daily, group II with 15 ml of chlorhexidine mouthwash twice daily, and group III with 15 ml of saline twice daily. The three groups were asked to perform the routine oral hygiene procedures thought out the study period. Bleeding on probing and gingivitis were evaluated by Muhlemann and Son′s Sulcus bleeding index (1971) and Loe and Sillness gingival index (1963), respectively, at base line, after every week till one month. Results: Our result showed that an A. indica mouthrinse is equally effective in reducing periodontal indices as Chlorhexidine. The results demonstrated a significant reduction of gingival, bleeding, and plaque indices in both groups over a period of 21 days as compared to placebo. Conclusion: A. indica-based mouth rinse is equally efficacious with fewer side effects as compared to chlorhexidine and may be used as an adjunct therapy in treating plaque induced gingivitis
State of Disaster Risk Reduction at the Local Level: A report on the Patterns of Disaster Risk Reduction Actions at Local Level
No full textFeasibility Analysis of Maternity Package Business in India
No full textThe Finnish maternity box provided by the Government of Finland to all new parents
became very famous all over the world in recent years. It is a high-quality product that
provides a complete set of clothes needed for an infant, care products and a sturdy box
that converts to baby’s first bed. This motivated the author to explore a business idea
offering a similar product for India. The product would be sold online and targeted at
metropolitan cities in India. Before entering the product creation phase, it was important
to analyze the feasibility of this business idea.
A mixed-method research approach was utilized using case discussion and a quantitative
survey. Exploration of the business idea was done using segmentation, customer behavior,
Indian market trends and risks identification. Business tools, SWOT analysis and business
model canvas were used to gain deeper understanding of the business. An online survey
was conducted to analyze the customer attitude and preference towards the new product.
The survey revealed statistics on product necessity, likeability, purchase likelihood,
preferred characteristics, and type of products that the respondents would prefer in the
package.
The findings showed that the maternity package business in India was ‘very likely’ feasible.
The market showed high growth potential for the baby product and apparel industry.
There is an established e-commerce infrastructure and logistics system in place. The
potential customers were interested in the product and there was a high purchase
likelihood. It was revealed that the Indian version of the box will differ from the Finnish
version as the respondents preferred care products over clothes. Further research is
recommended to include detailed market research, financial elements and a proper
business plan
