1,720,957 research outputs found
Medico-dermatological notions in Mesopotamian cuneiform sources
Full text linkIn the last decades the study of ancient Mesopotamian medicine has enjoyed a\ud
considerable popularity among Assyriological studies. The recent publications of both primary sources and secondary literature have shed new light on a field previously unknown to the general public. Among such activities, also contributions on dermatology have been provided. However, the theme is still lacking a comprehensive study offering, on the one hand, updated references on dermatological technical terms and considering, on the other, dermatological information from both scientific texts and sources outside the medical corpora. From this rich gamut of references, it is possible to reconstruct not only medical information concerning dermatological diagnosis, but also Mesopotamian common beliefs on skin ailments and diseases. The wide variety of genres displaying such data provides good arguments for the cultural-historical importance of skin appearance among ancient Mesopotamian civilizations. By comparing both medical and non-medical content, it will be shown how common beliefs on skin ailments and diseases were spread and shared among scholars and laymen.En las últimas décadas el estudio de la antigua medicina mesopotámica ha gozado\ud
de una considerable popularidad entre los estudios asiriológicos. Las recientes publicaciones de fuentes primarias y literatura secundaria han arrojado nueva luz sobre un campo previamente desconocido para el público en general. En estas actividades se han proporcionado contribuciones también sobre dermatología. Sin embargo, el tema sigue careciendo de un amplio estudio que ofrezca, por un lado, referencias actualizadas sobre términos técnicos dermatológicos y, por otro, considerando la información dermatológica tanto de textos científicos como de fuentes fuera de los corpus médicos. De esta rica gama de referencias es posible reconstruir no sólo la información médica relativa al diagnóstico dermatológico, sino también las creencias comunes mesopotámicas sobre las anomalías y las enfermedades de la piel. La gran variedad de géneros que muestran tales referencias proporciona buenos argumentos para la importancia histórico-cultural de la apariencia de la piel en las antiguas civilizaciones mesopotámicas; además, al comparar tanto el contenido médico como el no médico, quedará claro cómo las creencias comúnmente diferentes sobre anomalías y enfermedades cutáneas fueron difundidas y compartidas entre eruditos y laicos
Associations chromatiques entre ingrédients et problèmes de santé dans la thérapie mésopotamienne : laine rouge, plante blanche et réglisse
Full text linkLa médecine mésopotamienne offre un riche ensemble de données au sujet de la couleur. Celle-ci précisée est non seulement dans le diagnostic, mais aussi dans la thérapie. Cette contribution aborde la question des associations chromatiques entre matière thérapeutique et symptomatologies, en dépit des problèmes méthodologiques liés à ce domaine. Cette contribution présente un choix des problèmes de santé caractérisés par une « coloration » évidente : d’un côté, les fluides corporels, comme le sang et le pus ; de l’autre, des affections cutanées, dont les sources cunéiformes nous ont livré des descriptions. Les résultats révèlent des croyances partagées sur les couleurs de certains ingrédients, mais aussi des principes de chromo-analogie, similia similibus curantur et leurs contraires.Mesopotamian medicine offers a rich set of data related to the subject of colour, noted not only in diagnosis, but also in therapy. This contribution addresses the question of chromatic associations between given curative elements and symptomatologies, despite the methodological problems related to this line of research. A selection of health problems characterized by clear nuances has been presented : on the one hand, bodily fluids, such as blood and pus ; on the other, cutaneous ailments, for which cuneiform sources provided us with descriptions. The results reveal shared beliefs about the colour of certain ingredients, but also principles of chromoanalogy, similia similibus curantur, as well as their opposites
La pelle e le conoscenze dermatologiche nella medicina assiro-babilonese
No full textIl presente lavoro di tesi rappresenta il primo studio storico-medico sistematico sulla pelle e sulle sue sintomatologie nel panorama degli studi di medicina mesopotamica. Esso è comprensivo sia di fonti scientifiche che di riferimenti isolate da fonti estranee ai corpora medici.
Il Capitolo I rappresenta un'analisi storico-antropologica sul concetto di pelle.
Il Capitolo II si concentra sulle nozioni di lesioni e malattie cutanee, approfondendo le credenze ad esse correlate.
I Capitoli III e IV sono dedicati all'analisi del lessico, rispettivamente, delle lesioni e delle malattie cutanee.
Il Capitolo V indaga i parametri di diagnosi dermatologica presenti nelle fonti.
Il Capitolo VI offre un'analisi delle applicazioni terapeutiche in ambito dermatologico
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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