1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Slacking, resisting, withdrawing? A comparative study of personal internet use at work
No full textThe use of digital technologies for personal purposes in the workplace has become a contentious issue in many workplaces around the world. Employers tend to treat personal Internet use at work (PIUW) as slacking, "time theft", and sabotage. For the employees, PIUW can be a way to take care of important family matters, to take a break in the middle of an intensive workday, and to switch from one job task to another. While the relationship between PIUW and productivity has been extensively studied, the factors that motivate different types of personal Internet use at work remain an uncharted territory. The central question of this thesis is which predictors explain how different groups of employees engage in and justify the use of digital technologies for personal purposes in the workplace. In order to answer this question, I use a mixed methods approach combining a survey of 654 employees with 30 semi-structured in-depth interviews in Canada, Sweden, the U.K. and the U.S.A. The results show that both socio-demographic and occupational characteristics matter when it comes to the quantity and the quality of personal Internet use at work. Younger employees, as well as those who work on projects and experience job precarity, are more likely to engage in high levels of PIUW. Women's PIUW is motivated by uncertain job prospects, whereas men's use of digital technologies for personal purposes can be explained by high levels of job flexibility. Furthermore, restrictive policies on PIUW have a significant effect on the personal online activities associated with networking and communication but not on entertainment-oriented PIUW. Finally, there is little evidence that employees use PIUW as a means of intentional sabotage. Rather, the uneven distribution of work tasks that characterizes project-based employment, where periods of little or no work are suddenly followed by intensive labor, is partly motivating this behavior. This dissertation makes several contributions. First, while most previous studies in this area focused on how structural conditions facilitated and/or curtailed PIUW, this work focuses on how individual-level and group-level characteristics and motivations interact with structural arrangements. More specifically, I explore how interactions between gender, age, and occupational status within organizations affect the extent of PIUW, and whether different groups of workers tend to engage in different kinds of "non-productive" online activities. Second, while previous research has focused on individual cases (specific countries and companies), this work offers a comparative perspective by investigating the dynamics of PIUW in four highly developed economies (Canada, Sweden, the U.K. and the U.S.A.). This comparison explains the effects of different labor contexts and more general cultural contexts over workers' engagement in "non-productive" workplace activities. Finally, since labor not only structures our time and everyday activities but also defines our identities and aspirations, this dissertation also provides insights into the effects of processes such as the digitization of work and the rise in non-linear, project-based employment on contemporary workers' understanding of and views about their work-life balance.L'utilisation des technologies numériques à des fins personnelles sur le lieu de travail est devenue un sujet controversé dans plusieurs milieux de travail à travers le monde. Les employeurs•e•s tendent à traiter cet usage d'Internet comme du relâchement, du « temps volé », et du sabotage. Pour les employé•e•s, l'usage d'Internet à des fins personnelles peut permettre de s'occuper d'affaires familiales ; de prendre une pause au milieu d'une journée de travail intense et de passer d'une tâche de travail à une autre. Plusieurs chercheuses et chercheurs se sont penché•e•s sur la question du lien entre cette utilisation d'Internet à des fins personnelles au travail et ses conséquences sur la productivité, mais peu se sont interrogé•e•s sur les facteurs encourageant ses différents types d'utilisation. Le but de cette thèse est d'interroger les indicateurs qui permettent d'expliquer comment les différents groupes d'employé•e•s utilisent au travail les technologies numériques à des fins personnelles et comment le justifient-il•elle•s. Afin de répondre à cette question, j'utilise la démarche de recherche à méthodes mixtes dans laquelle j'ajoute 30 entrevues approfondies semi-structurées à un sondage auprès de 654 employé•e•s au Canada, en Suède, en Grande-Bretagne et aux États-Unis. Les résultats démontrent que les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, ainsi que les caractéristiques professionnelles importent lorsqu'il s'agit de quantifier et de définir l'usage d'Internet à des fins personnelles au travail. Les jeunes employé•e•s, ainsi que les travailleur•euse•s contractuel•le•s, c'est-à-dire celles et ceux qui sont en situation de précarité d'emploi, ont davantage tendance à s'adonner de manière importante à utiliser l'Internet au travail à des fins personnelles. L'utilisation augmentée d'Internet à des fins personnelles au travail par les femmes est motivée par leurs perspectives d'emploi incertaines, tandis que ce qui explique la même activité chez les hommes c'est la très grande flexibilité d'emploi. Rien ne semble indiquer que les employé•e•s utilisent Internet à des fins personnelles au travail comme moyen de sabotage. Plutôt c'est la distribution inégale des tâches au travail — qui caractérise les emplois à court terme axés sur des projets où des périodes de travail calmes peuvent être suivies de périodes de travail très intenses — ce qui encourage ce type de comportement.Cette dissertation contribue de diverses manières à la littérature scientifique sur l'utilisation d'Internet à des fins personnelles au travail. Premièrement, tandis que la plupart des études antérieures sur le sujet se sont intéressées principalement à savoir comment les conditions structurelles facilitaient ou empêchaient l'utilisation d'Internet à des fins personnelles au travail, la présente recherche cherche à comprendre comment les caractéristiques et les motivations au niveau individuel et au niveau du groupe interagissent avec le cadre structurel. Deuxièmement, les études portant sur le sujet se sont intéressées à des cas particuliers (pays et entreprises), tandis que la présente recherche offre une perspective comparative en étudiant les dynamiques d'utilisation d'Internet à des fins personnelles dans quatre économies fortement développées, c'est-à-dire le Canada, la Suède, la Grande-Bretagne et les États-Unis. Finalement, puisque le travail ne structure pas uniquement notre temps et nos activités quotidiennes, mais qu'il définit aussi nos identités et nos aspirations, cette dissertation apporte des connaissances sur les conséquences de processus tels que la numérisation du travail et l'essor des emplois non linéaires axés sur des projets sur la compréhension et l'opinion des travailleurs et des travailleuses contemporain•e•s sur la conciliation travail-vie personnelle
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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