1,721,026 research outputs found
Part-time Labor and Household Production: Emergence of Specialized Potters in the Late Neolithic Vinča (Serbia) and Late Eneolithic Vučedol (Croatia) Societies
No full textSocial aspects of pottery production are the most intriguing issues in
pottery studies. Potters themselves are, however, invisible in the
archaeological record, and considerations about their position in the
society and organization of their production, especially for prehistoric
periods, is very challenging and meets many constraints and difficulties.
Organization of pottery production in prehistoric communities, especially
in the Balkans, was very rarely considered in the past. Recently, researchers
increased their attention and interest in these aspects of prehistoric everyday
life. It seems that during Late Neolithic and Eneolithic many changes
occurred, leading to the emergence of more complex communities.
Craftsmen and potters among them played a very important role in this
shift in social relations. This paper aims to explore pottery production in
the societies in which initial stages of craft specialization may be assumed.
Although Late Neolithic Vinča and Late Eneolithic Vučedol communities
had a different social organization, the results of the analyses revealed the
same organization of pottery production
Animal Exploitation in the Copper Age of Eastern Slavonia: Zooarchaeological Evidence
No full textThis paper presents the preliminary results of zooarchaeological analyses carried out as part
of the project Culinary practices, husbandry, and land-use strategies during the Copper Age
in Eastern Slavonia (CULPLUS). The faunal assemblages originate from three sites: Viškovci-
Gradina and Verušed near Đakovo, and Prisunjača near Vinkovci. Species identification was conducted
to determine the relative frequencies of domestic and wild taxa, providing a foundation for
reconstructing animal husbandry and hunting strategies. In addition, detailed analyses offer insights
into meat consumption and refuse disposal practices among these Copper Age communities. The
results are presented for each site individually, followed by a discussion of the similarities and differences
in animal exploitation, based on regional and diachronic comparisons and taking into account
their geographical and chronological affinity. The taphonomic characteristics of the faunal
assemblages and excavation methods are also considered in relation to their formation and sample
composition. Finally, contextual analyses were applied to identify broader patterns in human–animal
relationships
Back to the past: Copper age in northern Croatia
No full textKnjiga Povratak u prošlost. Bakreno doba u sjevernoj Hrvatskoj nastala je u sklopu istoimene izložbe postavljene u Arheološkom muzeju u Zagrebu u suradnji s Odsjekom za arheologiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Zagrebu i Arheološkim muzejom u Osijeku. Publikacija sadrži 16 tekstova koje pokrivaju različite bakrenodobne teme kroz razdoblje od približno 2000 godina – od načina života i organizacije naselja, izrade i upotrebe predmeta od različitih materijala, iskorištavanja različitih sirovina do zagrobnog života. Osim područja sjeverne Hrvatske u tekstovima je naglašena i međuovisnsot i komunikacija s ostalim dijelovima europskog kontinenta
Recikliraj, ideje iz prošlosti
No full textRecikliranje je iznimno složen, ali i univerzalan fenomen bilo da se promatra u sadašnjosti ili u okviru kultura i zajednica iz prošlosti. To je skup društveno-ekonomskih, političkih odluka, ali i religijskih ideologija nekog društva i pojedinaca, no šire razumijevanje toga fenomena u okviru društveno- humanističkih znanosti i dalje je pomalo zapostavljeno. Načini i motivi koji su čovjeka u dalekoj i bližoj prošlosti navodili na popravljanje, ponovnu upotrebu i recikliranje predmeta i/ili materijala duboko su usađeni u različite sfere društva, ali prije svega u čovjeka. U radu će se pojasniti termini i što sve podrazumijeva recikliranje u suvremeno doba u skladu s doživljajem materijalnog danas. Također će se nastojati prikazati primjeri na koji su način naši preci reciklirali materijale, ponovno upotrebljavali predmete te način na koji je taj koncept ugrađen u kulture iz prošlosti. Da bismo razumjeli mehanizme koji utječu na arheološku interpretaciju takvih složenih društvenih fenomena pojasnit će se principi razmatranja takve prakse u okviru arheološke teorije
Technology of prehistoric ceramics
No full textU ovome radu iznesene su teorijske i metodološke osnove tehnologije keramike kao polja istraživanja u arheologiji. Fokus rada je na keramičkom materijalu iz razdoblja prapovijesti. Proizvodnja keramike prikazana je pomoću lanca operacija, s osvrtom na svaki pojedini korak u lancu operacija. Predstavljena je terminološka problematika prisutna na prostoru Hrvatske i šire. Izneseni su glavni aspekti tehnološkog pristupa prapovijesnoj keramici te je ponuđeno objašnjenje najvažnijih koncepta u tehnologiji prapovijesne keramike. Konačno, prikazane su najčešće primjenjivane metode tehnološke i funkcionalne analize prapovijesnog keramičkog materijala. Cilj rada je ponuditi sintezu trenutnog stanja u polju tehnologije prapovijesne keramike, identificirati potencijalne probleme tehnologije prapovijesne keramike u hrvatskog arheologiji te pridonjeti teorijskom diskurzu o tehnologiji
Lower and Middle Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language: a preliminary experimental archaeological and psycholinguistic study
No full textMany authors suggest that there is a co-evolutionary relationship between Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language. This assumption is, firstly, supported by experimental studies showing positive effects of verbal compared to non-verbal demonstration during stone toolmaking acquisition in present-day humans. Secondly, it is backed by neurophysiological studies which demonstrate that both toolmaking and language activate overlapping brain regions and that they exhibit similar hemodynamic lateralization patterns in present-day humans. These studies have mainly been focused on Oldowan flaking and Acheulean handaxe manufacture. Studies on the effects of the verbal and non-verbal transmission modes currently suggest that both Oldowan and Acheulean acquisition are facilitated by non-linguistic gestures rather than purely spoken language. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have found that the prefrontal cortex, an area typically associated with executive functioning, and the temporal cortex are activated more during Acheulean compared to Oldowan tasks. We recruited twelve Croatian-speaking subjects with no prior experience in knapping. Subjects were taught the Oldowan chopper and Mousterian sidescraper manufacture in a verbal teaching and non-verbal basic teaching condition. Tool quality was assessed by measurements of various physical attributes and a subjective evaluation by two assessors on a 5-point scale. Subjects were also tested on a neuropsychological battery assessing visual attention, verbal working memory, visuospatial processing, planning, cognitive flexibility, general executive functioning and lexical-semantic processing. We hypothesize that there will be no significant differences between the verbal and non-verbal groups in the chopper manufacture task, and that the verbal group will perform significantly better compared to the non-verbal group in the sidescraper manufacture task. Additionally, we hypothesize that chopper manufacture will be significantly positively correlated only with the visual processing tasks, while sidescraper manufacture will also be significantly positively correlated with the prefrontal functioning tasks. The obtained results will be interpreted within the framework of current evolutionary and cognitive theories
Storytelling. Is there a better method of archaeological site interpretation?
Full text linkIn this paper, the authors present Viminacium, an archaeological site from the Roman Era that was turned into an
archaeological open-air museum. Ever since it was opened in 2006, this open-air museum was visited by an always in creasing number of guests. Expert guides offer a unique experience of storytelling directly on the site, that contributes
to the visitors’ overall experience
Application of photography in archaeological documentation
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje primjenu fotografije u arheološkoj dokumentaciji, pružajući opsežan priručnik o povijesti, osnovama i digitalnom napretku ovog moćnog alata. Diplomski rad počinje praćenjem evolucije fotografije, od njezinih samih početaka do razvoja napredne fotografske tehnologije. Potom su obrađena temeljna načela arheološke fotografije, pokrivajući teme kao što su odabir opreme, osvjetljenje, kompozicija i kadriranje snimke. Također, obuhvaćena je i zračna fotografija, ističući njen značajan doprinos kartiranju te analizi krajolika u arheologiji. Diplomski rad se dalje bavi širim područjem arheološke dokumentacije, uključujući fotogrametriju te korištenje digitalnih alata u modernom dobu.This thesis explored the application of photography in archaeological documentation, providing a comprehensive manual on the history, basics, and digital advancements of this powerful tool. The thesis began by tracing the evolution of photography, from its early origins to the development of advanced photographic technology. It then delved into the core principles of archaeological photography, covering topics such as equipment selection, lighting, composition, and image framing. Aerial photography was also examined, highlighting its significant contributions to site mapping and landscape analysis in archaeology. The thesis further addressed the broader field of archaeological documentation, including photogrammetry and the utilization of digital tools in the modern age
- …
