7,287 research outputs found
Imperialist women in Edwardian Britain : the Victoria League, 1899-1914
No full textThis thesis, based on private papers, society records, autobiographies and
memoirs, newspapers and periodicals, examines one mainly female imperialist
organisation - the Victoria League - and the women who ran it. It considers two related
questions - what made Edwardian women imperialist, and how, within the limits of
Edwardian society, could they express their imperialism? The thesis shows that several of
the League's founders and executive had visited South Africa during or shortly before
the Boer War, and that this experience, particularly for those who came into close contact
with Milner, was pivotal in stimulating them to active imperialism. The Victoria League,
founded April 1901, aimed to promote imperial unity and a British South Africa in a
variety of suitably 'womanly' ways: Boer War charities, imperial education, exporting
literature and art to the white dominions (particularly the Transvaal), welcoming colonial
visitors to Britain, arranging for the welcome of British settlers in the colonies, and
promoting social reform as an imperial issue. It worked overseas through a number of
independent Victoria Leagues in Australasia, the Imperial Order, Daughters of the Empire
in Canada, and the Guild of Loyal Women in South Africa; and at home with a number
of similar (though largely male) imperial propaganda societies. The thesis also considers
the Victoria League's attitude to race, particularly through its debate over entertaining
Indian students. It ends with a discussion of the options available to imperialist women;
and of the obstacles they faced in questions of authority (how far and in what ways a woman
could pronounce on imperial subjects) and of ideology (as expressed through the anti-suffrage
campaign). It concludes that the Victoria League, by transferring areas of
activity long acknowledged as 'feminine' to the imperial stage, redefined areas of female
competence and enlarged woman's 'separate sphere' to include the active propagation of
imperialism
Characterization of Hydraulic Habitat and Retention Characteristics Across Different Channel Types; Introducing a New Field-based Technique
No full textUnderstanding the interactions between
physical habitat and aquatic biodiversity has become a
key research objective in river management. River
research and management practitioners are increasingly
seeking new methodologies and techniques for
characterizing physical habitat heterogeneity. The
physical biotope has been widely employed as the
standard mesoscale unit in river surveys. However,
few surveys have quantified the combined physical
heterogeneity at the meso- and microscale scale via a
single technique. This paper describes a new field
methodology for assessing variations in hydraulic
habitat and retention across different channel types
(e.g. step-pool, bedrock, plane-bed and pool-riffle).
Hydraulic habitat and retention was measured by
timing 100 flow tracers across a 100-m stream length,
and recording the types of trapping structures. The
pattern of flow tracers and retention varied significantly
between channel types and structures. Rocks
(boulders and cobbles) were more important retentive
structures than eddies and snags (woody material and
vegetation). The results indicate the importance of a
diverse hydraulic environment, woody material and
channel substrate character in increasing physical
heterogeneity within a stream reach. The findings
suggest that the field methodology may be an effective
tool to assess differences in physical heterogeneity pre
and post river restoration activities
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing
No full textFull portrait of Victoria Gallegos looking at the camera while standing in front of a forest-painted backdrop. She is wearing a dark dress or tunic, a white shirt, several squash blossom necklaces, a decorative wide belt, and white boots
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing
No full textFull portrait of Victoria Gallegos smiling at the camera while standing in front of a forest-painted backdrop. She is wearing a dark dress or tunic, a white shirt, several squash blossom necklaces, a wide decorative belt, and white boots
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing
No full textFull portrait of Victoria Gallegos smiling at the camera while standing in front of a forest-painted backdrop. She is wearing a dark dress or tunic, a white shirt, several squash blossom necklaces, a wide decorative belt, and white boots
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing
No full textFull portrait of Victoria Gallegos looking slightly to the left while standing in front of a forest-painted backdrop. She is wearing a dark dress or tunic, a white shirt, several squash blossom necklaces, a wide decorative belt, and white boots
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing
No full textFull portrait of Victoria Gallegos looking slightly to the left while standing in front of a forest-painted backdrop. She is wearing a dark dress or tunic, a white shirt, several squash blossom necklaces, a decorative wide belt, and white boots
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing with a dog
No full textPortrait of Victoria Gallegos standing with a small white dog. Victoria Gallegos and the dog are looking at the camera. Victoria Gallego's hair is loose and lays on her shoulders. She wears a dark dress with a long-sleeve white shirt, a belt and two squash blossom necklaces
Portrait of Victoria Gallegos standing with a dog
No full textPortrait of Victoria Gallegos standing with a small white dog. Victoria Gallegos and the dog are looking at the camera. Victoria Gallego's eyes are closed and her hair is loose and lays on her shoulders. She wears a dark dress with a long-sleeve white shirt, a belt and two squash blossom necklaces
Ponding in Intermittent Streams: a Refuge for Lotic Taxa and a Habitat for Newly Colonising Taxa?
No full textIntermittent rivers are temporally dynamic, shifting between lotic, lentic (ponding) and dry habitat phases, yet almost all research effort has focussed on the lotic phase, with limited research attention on the lentic and dry phases. Information regarding the biological diversity of the lentic phase is vital to quantify the total aquatic biodiversity, their use as flow refugia, and the long-term conservation and management of intermittent rivers. In this study, we compared the diversity and composition of macroinvertebrates from perennial, intermittent and ponded sites in two intermittent rivers in the United Kingdom. We examined whether instream ponding provided refugia for lotic taxa and a habitat for newly colonising taxa. A total of 129 taxa (perennial - 86, intermittent - 82, ponding - 78) were recorded. Instream ponds were found to support heterogeneous communities compared to flowing sites. Twenty-two percent of taxa were recorded only from ponded sites, many of which were lentic specialists, while 38% of taxa persisted in instream ponds after flow had ceased. Results from this study highlight that instream ponds provide an important flow refuge for macroinvertebrates including rheophilic taxa, which move into instream ponds when channels become longitudinally disconnected, and makes a significant contribution to aquatic diversity in intermittent rivers, providing suitable habitat for newly colonising taxa. Aquatic diversity in intermittent rivers may have been underestimated historically, failing to acknowledge the ecological contribution of the lentic phase. Incorporating the ponding phase alongside the lotic phase will ensure the total aquatic biodiversity of intermittent rivers is quantified and effective biodiversity conservation and management strategies are employed
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