1,721,008 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development of diagnostic tests for the detection of Neospora caninum infected cattle
Full text linkThe protozoan parasite Neospora caninum is among the most frequently diagnosed
infectious causes of bovine abortion thus causing significant economic losses,
production inefficiency and welfare concern to the cattle sector worldwide. The
control of bovine neosporosis relies on management techniques within which the
identification of infected animals by serological testing plays a key role. However, the
reliable diagnosis of the disease is hindered by the complex host-parasite interactions
and the intrinsic limitations of the serological diagnostic tools currently available; as
a result, some infected animals may not be detected. At the herd, regional and national
levels, this can potentially undermine efforts for the control of the disease.
The work presented in this thesis was undertaken to further investigate avenues to
improve the diagnosis of N. caninum infection in cattle.
It has been shown previously that recombinant antigens expressed by the rapidly
proliferating tachyzoite stage and the slowly multiplying bradyzoite stage of N.
caninum can be successfully employed for the detection of specific antibody responses
during acute and persistent infections respectively. Following the establishment of
persistent infections, sustained by the bradyzoite stage, the antibody levels against the
tachyzoite stage may decline below the detection limits of currently available
diagnostic tests which are exclusively based on antigens expressed by the tachyzoite.
Consequently, the use of bradyzoite antigens for the development of serological
diagnostic tests, may enhance the identification of infected animals.
Novel antigens putatively expressed by the quiescent bradyzoite stage of N. caninum
have been identified, expressed as recombinant proteins and assayed for the detection
of specific antibodies. The recognition of recombinant tNcSRS12A-B and tNcSRS44-
A by specific antibodies in sera from persistently N. caninum-infected cattle suggested
that these proteins could be used for the detection of persistently infected animals.
Indirect ELISAs based on previously characterised N. caninum antigens, such as the
tachyzoite surface protein rNcSRS2, the immunodominant dense granule protein
rNcGRA7 and the bradyzoite specific surface antigens rNcSAG4, rNcBSR4 and
rNcSRS9, as well as a commercial test using whole tachyzoite lysate as antigenic
preparation, were evaluated within a cross-sectional study to estimate the
seroprevalence of bovine neosporosis in British dairy cattle. Moderate, but not high,
agreement was found amongst the tests based on whole tachyzoite lysate, rNcSRS2
and rNcGRA7, and amongst the bradyzoite-specific antigen-based iELISAs. In
contrast, only slight agreement was observed when each test detecting antibody
responses indicative of acute infection (whole tachyzoite lysate, rNcSRS2 and
rNcGRA7) was compared with each test detecting antibody responses indicative of
persistent infection (bradyzoite-specific antigen-based iELISAs). Most N. caninum
antibody-positive cattle samples showed detectable antibodies only against either
antigens predominantly expressed by the tachyzoite or bradyzoite antigens thus
suggesting that the exclusive use of one type of test may result in the misclassification
of a proportion of animals, which test negative despite harbouring the parasite. This
may result in the underestimation of the seroprevalence. Consequently, the
combination of multiple tests in parallel, both tachyzoite and bradyzoite antigen-based,
would improve the diagnosis of bovine neosporosis.
Molecular tools for the genetic discrimination of different N. caninum isolates were
also investigated. A novel multilocus fragment typing (MLFT) tool based on twelve
highly polymorphic microsatellite markers was developed and applied to the analysis
of DNA samples obtained from laboratory-maintained N. caninum isolates and tissues
collected from bovine foetuses aborted due to N. caninum. The locus-specific nested
PCRs associated with automated fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis
enabled to evaluate the markers in terms of typeability and discriminatory power.
Overall, the typing tool was characterised by good typeability and discriminatory
power and enabled to provide information on the genetic diversity amongst the
laboratory-maintained and clinical N. caninum isolates studied. The MLFT tool may
help to investigate the likely source of infection within abortion outbreaks and aid the
study of the association between the genetic heterogeneity of N. caninum and the
diverse biological features in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the loci characterised by
the highest discriminatory power and typeability may be used alongside already
established microsatellite markers for the development of an improved typing tool
which could be proposed at the inter-laboratory level.
Finally, current perceptions and common veterinary practice related to the diagnosis
and control of bovine neosporosis were studied by developing a questionnaire for
cattle practitioners in the United Kingdom. The survey highlighted the awareness of
the limitations of current serological techniques and the demand for additional tools in
terms of diagnostics and vaccines to tackle the economic losses and animal welfare
implications related to N. caninum in cattle
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Histopathological analysis of placental lesions caused by Chlamydia abortus 1B vaccine strain in vaccinated ewes
No full textPoster. Publicado además en: Access Microbiology, 4 (5) (2022)Chlamydia abortus is one of the most diagnosed causes of infectious abortion in small ruminants. Infections can be controlled using the live, attenuated C. abortus strain 1B vaccine, which has been associated with infection and abortion in animals. This study aimed to compare the severity and the distribution of lesions caused by this vaccine strain (vt) with those resulting from a wild-type (wt) infection.EEA MercedesFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Caspe, Sergio Gaston. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; ArgentinaFil: Livingstone, Morag. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Wattegedera, Sean Ranjan. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Aitchison, Kevin. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Underwood, Clare. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Milne, Elspeth. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Sargison, Neil Donald. University of Edinburgh. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies; Reino UnidoFil: Chianini, Francesca. Moredun Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Palarea-Albaladejo, Javier. Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland; Reino UnidoFil: Longbottom, David. Moredun Research Institute; Reino Unid
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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