1,721,235 research outputs found
La néosporose bovine. Présentation d’un cas clinique dans un troupeau de vaches laitières
No full textBovine neosporosis. clinical case in a cattle dairy herd.
Neopsora caninum is a recently recognized protozoan parasite of livestock and companion animals. Its life cycle is unknown. Transplacental transmission is the only recognized mode of transmission. Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in many countries. This article presents a case of bovine abortions associated with Neospora in France.Neopsora canimum est un protozoaire parasite identifié récemment chez le bétail et les animaux de compagnies. Son cycle est inconnu. Le seul mode de transmission connu est la voie transplacentaire. La néosporose est une cause majeure d’avortements dans de nombreux pays. Cet article présente un cas d’avortements bovins associés à Neospora en France.Brugère-Picoux Jeanne, Adler Claude, Chastant-Maillard Sylvie, Millemann Yves, Remy Dominique. La néosporose bovine. Présentation d’un cas clinique dans un troupeau de vaches laitières. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 151 n°2, 1998. pp. 133-139
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Study of the avian salmonella contribution to human salmonellosis in Chad : Example of the capital, N'Djamena
No full textLes salmonelles sont liées à de nombreuses maladies infectieuses d'origine alimentaire dans le monde. Elles sont aussi considérées comme l'un des principaux agents pathogènes responsables de gastro-entérite humaine. L'objectif principal de notre étude était de mettre à jour la prévalence de contamination et l'état de l'antibio-résistance des souches Salmonella isolées chez les humains et chez les volailles dans la ville de N'Djamena, capitale du Tchad. Les résultats obtenus au terme de cette étude, offrent les premières données de prévalence de contamination par les salmonelles chez les humains et dans les élevages de poules pondeuses et de poulets de chair à N'Djamena. Tous les échantillons étaient collectés au sein de 5 hôpitaux et de 16 fermes avicoles, sur deux périodes de six mois chacune: de Août 2010 à Janvier 2011 et de Septembre 2011 à Février 2012. L'ensemble des méthodes et techniques de diagnostics réalisées a permis d'isoler chez les humains et chez les volailles, cent trente neuf souches de salmonelles, appartenant à quarante deux sérotypes différents. Salmonella Colindale était le sérotype majoritaire (13,6 %), suivi par S. Minnesota (10,8 %), S. Stanleyville (5,8 %), S. Havana, Kottbus (5 %), S. Idikan (4,3 %), S. Riggil, Anatum (3,6 %). Les autres sérotypes étaient très peu représentés. La majorité de ces sérotypes était sensible à la gamme d'antibiotiques testée (Normes CLSI), sauf quelques isolats aviaires de S. Colindale qui avaient présenté une sensibilité diminuée à l'acide nalidixique, à l'ofloxacine et à l'enrofloxacine, 1 isolat aviaire de Salmonella Limete résistant à trois antimicrobiens, deux isolats humains de Salmonella Enteritidis résistants à l'acide nalidixique, à l'ofloxacine et à la ciprofloxacine et 15 isolats aviaires de Salmonella Minnesota résistants à au moins cinq classes différentes d'antimicrobiens. Dans le but d‘évaluer les relations phylogénétiques et de trouver des liens épidémiologiques entre les souches humaines et aviaires isolées au cours de la même période et dans la même ville, 139 isolats de Salmonella trouvés chez les humains et chez les volailles dans cette étude ont été caractérisés par ERIC-PCR et IS200-PCR. L'analyse PCR a été suivie par l'analyse de macrorestriction (PFGE) de l'ADN génomique issu de 22 isolats communs de sérovars de Salmonella rencontrés à la fois chez les humains et chez les volailles avec l'enzyme XbaI. Les résultats de la PCR ont montré que, dans le cadre de cette étude épidémiologique, les méthodes Eric- et IS200-PCR peuvent être utilisées efficacement pour limiter le nombre d'isolats qui doivent être sérotypés. La comparaison des profils d'Eric-types, d'IS-types, de pulsotypes et de susceptibilité aux antimicrobiens des isolats d'origines humaines et aviaires a mis en évidence, d'une part, la preuve indirecte des sources de contamination humaine par les sérovars de Salmonella à partir des fermes de volailles et d'autre part, la diversité des sources et réservoirs potentiels des souches de Salmonella dans la ville de N'Djamena.Salmonella are linked to many food-borne diseases worldwide. They are also considered to be one of the main pathogens causing human gastroenteritis. The main objective of this study was to update the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of Salmonella isolated from poultry and from humans experiencing gastroenteritis in N'Djamena, Chad. The results collected during this study provide the first baseline data on the prevalence of contamination by Salmonella in humans suffering from diarrhoea, as well as in laying hens and broiler chicken farms in N'Djamena. Samples were collected on one hand from five hospitals another and on another hand from sixteen poultry farms, both over two periods of six months each: from August 2010 to January 2011 and from September 2011 to February 2012. Diagnostic methods carried out during this study led to the isolation of one hundred and thirty nine Salmonella strains, belonging to forty two different serotypes. Salmonella Colindale was the most prevalent serovar (13.6 % of the isolates belonged to this serovar), followed by Salmonella Minnesota (10.8 %), Salmonella Stanleyville (5.8 %), Salmonella Havana and Kottbus (5 % each), Salmonella Idikan (4.3 %), Salmonella Riggil and Anatum (3.6 % each). Other serotypes were under-represented. The majority of these isolates were susceptible to all antibiotics tested (CLSI Standards), except some Salmonella Colindale avian isolates that exhibited a decreased susceptibility to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and enrofloxacin, two S. Enteritidis human isolates resistant to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, a S. Limete avian isolate resistant to three antibiotics and 15 S. Minnesota avian isolates resistant to five different antimicrobial classes. In order to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships and to find epidemiological links between human and avian strains isolated in the same period of time and in the same region, a total of 139 Salmonella isolates found in humans and poultry in this study were characterised by ERIC-PCR and IS200-PCR. The PCR analysis was followed by macrorestriction analysis (PFGE) of genomic DNA from 22 common isolates of Salmonella serotypes encountered in both humans and poultry with XbaI enzyme. PCR results demonstrated that, in the context of this epidemiological study, ERIC- and IS200-PCR methods can be used effectively to limit the number of isolates that have to be serotyped. The comparison of ERIC-PCR, IS200-PCR, PFGE and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among isolates from human and avian origins has highlighted, on one hand, the indirect evidence of human contamination sources by Salmonella serovars from poultry farms, and on the other hand the diversity of sources and potential reservoirs of Salmonella strains in the N'Djamena city
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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