1,720,956 research outputs found
L'histoire de Troie au XVe siècle: édition critique de la première traduction française de l'Historia Destructionis Troiae de Guido delle Colonne
No full textAlthough the medieval West did not have access to the Homeric epics until the 14th and especially the 15th centuries, the Trojan War continued to be considered a founding event and part of the collective culture of the entire Roman Empire. Indeed, the story of this war was transmitted to the West through several works, in particular the Ilias Latina, a summary of the Iliad composed in the school milieu at the time of Emperor Nero, as well as, incompletely, through the Aeneid. But it was above all the works of Dares of Phrygia, the De excidio Trojae, and Dictys of Crete, the Ephemeris belli Trojani, that ensured the posterity of the Homeric tales. The story of the Trojan War enjoyed extraordinary popularity throughout the Middle Ages and right up to the end of the 16th century, a popularity linked both to the myth of Trojan origins invoked by the various European nations and to the image of cultural and artistic perfection represented by the city of Troy.Guido delle Colonne's Historia destructionis Troiae is a perfect illustration of this medieval infatuation with Trojan material. Completed in 1287, this work, largely inspired by Benoît de Sainte-Maure's Roman de Troie, proposes a new way of looking at and writing this founding tale: offering a moral and scholarly vision of the Trojan War without losing its literary and marvellous potential. For this reason, Guido's work is not simply a Latin translation of the Roman de Troie. His concern for historical accuracy led him to correct some of Benedict's passages and make erudite additions. What's more, the Historia also stands out from its predecessors for its profound pessimism about the meaning of history, from which the author only seems to draw a pragmatic moral for the world's great and good: since history is doomed to eternal repetition and subject to blind chance, rulers must adopt a pragmatic policy to avoid, as far as possible, subjecting their kingdom and their people to the vicissitudes of war.The Historia destructionis Troiae was a huge success: some 240 manuscripts copies have survived, over 70 of which date from the 14th century. The reason for this success is Guido's use of Latin, the language of international communication. What's more, the rhetorical nature of Guido's text made it a model of its kind. This success led to the Historia being translated into almost every European language. There are five French translations. This thesis presents the complete edition of the first, known as version A, represented by five unpublished manuscripts and one manuscript fragment. This translation was commissioned by the mayor of Beauvais in 1380; its author remains unknown. The surviving manuscripts all date from the 15th century. Version A, whose success is notable, was mainly distributed in the Burgundian states, with the exception of a witness produced in Amiens, although it was originally produced in France. The basic manuscript for the present edition is Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, fr. 22553.Bien que l’Occident médiéval n’ait pas eu accès aux épopées homériques avant le xive siècle et surtout le xve siècle, la guerre de Troie a continué d’être considérée comme un événement fondateur et à faire partie de la culture collective de l’ensemble de l’Empire romain. En effet, l’histoire de cette guerre fut transmise à l’Occident à travers plusieurs œuvres, en particulier l’Ilias Latina, un résumé de l’Iliade composé dans le milieu scolaire au temps de l’empereur Néron, ainsi que, de manière incomplète, à travers l’Énéide. Mais ce sont surtout les œuvres de Darès de Phrygie, le De excidio Trojae, et de Dictys de Crète, l’Ephemeris belli Trojani, qui assurèrent la postérité des récits homériques. Le récit de la guerre de Troie connut une fortune extraordinaire tout au long du Moyen Âge et même jusqu’à la fin du xvie siècle, fortune liée à la fois au mythe des origines troyennes invoqué par les différentes nations européennes et à l’image de perfection culturelle et artistique que représente la ville de Troie.L’Historia destructionis Troiae de Guido delle Colonne illustre tout à fait cet engouement médiéval pour la matière troyenne. Achevée en 1287, cette œuvre, qui s’inspire largement du Roman de Troie de Benoît de Sainte-Maure, propose une nouvelle façon d’envisager et d’écrire ce récit fondateur : proposer une vision morale et érudite de la guerre de Troie sans en perdre le potentiel littéraire et merveilleux. C’est à ce titre que l’œuvre de Guido n’est pas une simple traduction latine du Roman de Troie. Son souci de véracité historique lui fait d’ailleurs corriger certains passages de Benoît et faire des ajouts érudits. De plus, l’Historia se distingue également des œuvres qui l’ont précédée par un profond pessimisme face au sens de l’histoire, dont l’auteur semble seulement tirer une morale toute pragmatique à l’usage des grands de ce monde : puisque l’histoire est vouée à un éternel recommencement et soumise à un hasard aveugle, les gouvernants se doivent d’adopter une politique pragmatique propre à éviter, autant que faire se peut, de soumettre leur royaume et leur peuple aux vicissitudes de la guerre.L’Historia destructionis Troiae connut un très large succès : près de 240 manuscrits la contenant, dont plus de 70 datent du xive siècle, sont parvenus jusqu’à nous. Ce succès s’explique par la langue utilisée par Guido, le latin, qui est la langue de communication internationale. De plus, le caractère rhétorique du texte de Guido en a fait un modèle du genre. Ce succès amena l’Historia à être traduite dans presque toutes les langues européennes. En ce qui concerne les traductions françaises, elles sont au nombre de cinq. Cette thèse présente l’édition complète de la première, dite version A, représentée par cinq manuscrits et un fragment de manuscrit, tous inédits. Cette traduction aurait été commandée par le maire de Beauvais en 1380 ; son auteur reste inconnu. Les manuscrits la conservant datent tous du xve siècle. La version A, dont le succès est notable, s’est principalement diffusée dans les États bourguignons, avec une exception pour un témoin réalisé à Amiens, bien qu’elle ait été au départ produite en France. Le manuscrit de base de la présente édition est le Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, fr. 22553
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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