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Polni dimorfizam ankiloze sakroilijačnog zgloba
Full text linkAnkiloza sakruma i ilijačne kosti, odnosno fuzija sakroilijačnog zgloba, može nastati kao posledica difuzne idiopatske skeletne hiperostoze (DISH), ankilozirajućeg spondilitisa (AS), entezopatije, infektivnih oboljenja (npr. tuberkuloze), ili kao posledica bilo jedne ili više ponavljajućih trauma zgloba. Istraživanja su pokazala da se češće javlja kod starijih, uglavnom muških osoba, i da potencijalni uzročnici mogu biti i hormonskog ili mehaničkog karaktera. S obzirom na to da je reč o oboljenju koje se retko javlja, i da se u stručnoj antropološkoj literaturi ređe spominje, predstavićemo etiologiju, učestalost i polnu distribuciju ovog oboljenja, način njegovog ispoljavanja (unilateralno i bilateralno), a posebnu pažnju ćemo usmeriti na mogućnost utvrđivanja polne pripadnosti skeleta na osnovu oblika samog mesta fuzije, odnosno tzv. sakroilijačni zglobni bridžing (sacroiliac joint bridging, SIB), koji su ustanovili Dar i Herškovic. U radu ćemo prikazati i slučajeve koji su otkriveni kod sedam individua iz antičkog i srednjovekovnog perioda u Srbiji.Ankylosis of the sacrum and iliac bone, i.e. sacroiliac joint fusion, can occur as a result of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), enthesopathy, infectious diseases (e.g., tuberculosis), or as a result of either one or more repetitive joint traumas. Research have shown that it occurs more often in the elder, mostly male individuals and that potential causes can be of both hormonal and mechanical character. Considering the fact that it is a disease that occurs rarely, and that it is seldom mentioned in scientific anthropological literature, we will present the aetiology, frequency, and sex distribution of this disease, manner of manifestation (unilateral and bilateral), and we will pay special attention to the possibility of determining the sex of the skeleton on the basis of the shape of the place of fusion, namely on the basis of sacroiliac joint bridging, established by Dar and Hershkovitz. This paper will also present the cases registered in seven individuals from the Antique and medieval period in Serbia
Dentalno zdravlje stanovnika sahranjenih na lokalitetu Begov Most – Staničenje
Full text linkZubi su, kao najčvršća komponenta u ljudskom organizmu, otporniji na dekompoziciju i tafonomske faktore u odnosu na ostali koštani materijal. Analiza zubnog materijala iz arheološkog konteksta pruža obilje informacija o zdravlju analizirane individue, ali i cele populacije, o sličnostima i razlikama u vrsti i načinu ishrane, kao i razlikama u odnosu na individualnu starost, pol, socijalni status, kako unutar jedne populacije, tako i između dve i više populacija, kroz različite periode. U radu će biti prikazano dentalno zdravlje stanovnika sahranjenih na kasnoantičkoj nekropoli Begov Most – Staničenje (okolina Pirota). Tokom istraživanja 2014. i 2015. godine konstatovane su 132 grobne celine. Za analizu je bilo dostupno 128 skeleta, od kojih su 92 individue imale očuvani dentalni materijal (1.448 mlečnih i stalnih zuba). Posebna pažnja je usmerena na učestalost pojave karijesa, zaživotnog gubitka zuba, kamenca i periapikalnog apscesa, u celoj populaciji, kao i na razlici između starosnih i polnih kategorija. Rezultati su pokazali da skoro u svim ispitivanim kategorijama individue ženskog pola imaju najveću učestalost dentalnih oboljenja, što se poklapa i sa rezultatima dobijenim u ostalim delovima Rimskog carstva, ali i u drugim istorijskim periodima.Teeth, as the strongest component in the human body, are more resistant to decomposition and
taphonomic factors compared to other bone material. The analysis of dental material from an archaeological context provides an abundance of information about the health of the analysed individual, but also of the entire population, about similarities and differences in the type and manner of nutrition, as well as differences in relation to individual age, gender, social status, both within one population and between two or more populations, through different periods. This paper will present data on the dental health of the population buried at the Late Antique necropolis of Begov Most – Staničenje (vicinity of Pirot). During the research in 2014 and 2015, 132 grave units were identified. A total of 128 skeletons were available for analysis, out of which 92 individuals had preserved dental material (1448 deciduous and permanent teeth). A special attention was given to the frequency of caries, ante mortem tooth loss, calculus and periapical abscess, in the entire population, as well as the difference between the age and sex categories. The results showed that in almost all of the examined categories, female individuals had the highest frequency of dental diseases, which coincides with the results obtained in other parts of the Roman Empire, as well as in other historical periods
Archaeobotany at Neolithic sites in Serbia: a critical overview of the methods and results
Full text linkThis paper summarises archaeobotanical research in Serbia, more specifically, the analysis of plant
remains from Neolithic sites and deposits (c. 6200–4500 cal BC). It offers an overview of the type of material
analysed (macro- and micro-remains) and the relevant literature, and describes the charred seed assemblages in
terms of the recovery method, the archaeological context, and the identified crop and wild taxa. Certain past and
present methodological issues and problems regarding archaeobotanical analysis in Serbia are recognised, and
the ‘usefulness’ of the obtained results for archaeological interpretations and reconstructions discussed.U radu je predstavljen istorijat arheobotaničkih istraživanja neolitskih nalazišta (6200–4500 p.n.e.) na
tlu Srbije i pregled metoda prikupljanja biljnih ostataka, a sumirani su i rezultati dosadašnjih analiza – metod
uzimanja uzoraka, arheološki konteksti, identifikovane vrste žitarica i divlje vrste. Na primeru ovih lokaliteta
i raspoloživih arheobotaničkih podataka razmotreni su ključni problemi u vezi sa načinom izdvajanja biljnih
ostataka tokom iskopavanja, odnosno uzimanjem arheobotaničkih uzoraka, kao i sa mogućnošću upotrebe dobijenih
rezultata u interpretaciji arheoloških konteksta i rekonstrukciji aktivnosti u vezi sa eksploatacijom biljnih
resursa
Ludi gallinarii on the mosaic floor from Oescus (NW Bulgaria)
Full text linkDuring archaeological research in 1948 in the central part of the Roman Oescus (modern-day Gigen) at the confluence of the Iskar and Danube rivers, in the province of Moesia Inferior (Late Roman province Dacia Ripensis), a structure was discovered with a room decorated with a mosaic floor with figural scenes. Mosaics’ panels depicted scenes from Menander’s piece “The Achaeans”, cockfights, world of fishes and animals – symbols of seasons. Special attention is dedicated to a partially preserved depiction of a cockfight (ludi gallinarii), which was one of the favourite sports and gambling events in Roman times. These scenes appear on various monuments, mosaics, tombstones, wall paintings, and toreutics. We will attempt to determine the origin of the patron, and possibly the workshop that produced this mosaic of exceptional value, based on the analysis of the monuments, and overview of displays on the mosaic from Oescu
Requescit in pace : neka zapažanja o poremećajima "večnog počinka" na primeru jugoistočnog dela nekropole u Jagodin Mali (Naissus)
Full text linkU radu se predstavljaju anomalije uočene na primerima grobnih konstrukcija ili individualnih sahrana, na kasnoantičkoj nekropoli Naisusa u Jagodin Mali, bilo da je u pitanju skrnavljenje grobova u antičko ili novije doba, ili da su u pitanju sahrane individua koje odstupaju po svojoj orijentaciji ili drugim obeležjima. Na ovaj način se prate različiti pogrebni ritusi i odstupanja od uobičajenih funerarnih praksi
Bone spatula – ruler from Naissus
Full text linkThe paper deals with a technological-typological analysis of the finding of a bone spatula – ruler, discovered in a closed unit from the first half of the 2nd century CE in the suburbium of Naissus – Niš (the site of Trg Oslobođenja). It was made of a flat segment of a larger rib of a large mammal, most probably cattle (Bos taurus). The processing technology used and the choice of raw material (Bos bone) represent common traits of bone items production in the Roman period. The registered use-wear traces indicate that the item was most probably used as a spatula to flatten the wax on writing tablets (tabulae ceratae)
Proučavanje konflikata i suživota ljudi i divljeg sveta u holocenu centralnog Balkana – istraživački okvir projekta ARCHAEOWILD
No full textARCHAEOWILD: The Holocene History of Human-Wildlife Conflict and Coexistence: Archaeozoological, Archaeobotanical, Isotopic, Ancient DNA, Iconographic and Written Evidence from the Central Balkans je istraživački projekat koji u periodu od 2022–2025. godine finansira Fond za nauku Republike Srbije u okviru programa IDEJE, a koji se realizuje u Laboratoriji za bioarheologiju na Filozofskom fakultetu u Beogradu. Kombinovanjem različitih naučnih oblasti i metoda istraživanja (arheozoologija, arheobotanika, analize drevne DNK, analize stabilnih izotopa, apsolutno datovanje, analiza istorijskih izvora i ikonografije), projekat istražuje istoriju sukoba i suživota ljudi i divljeg sveta u holocenu na prostoru centralnog Balkana. Činjenica da istorija interakcija između ljudi i divljeg sveta, koja je izuzetno važna za razumevanje savremenih problema životne sredine, tokom holocena na našim prostorima nije sistematski ispitana, bila je motiv da se sastavi istraživački tim i podnese predlog projekta ARCHAEOWILD. U ovom radu biće predstavljen istraživački okvir i planirani uticaj projekta ARCHAEOWILD, kao i rezultati realizacije projektnih aktivnosti u prvoj godini projekta
Bone Spatula – Ruler from Naissus
No full textArtefakti izrađeni od koštanih sirovina imali su značajan udeo među svakodnevnim upotrebnim predmetima tokom rimske epohe. Kosti i rogovi upotrebljavani su za izradu sitnog alata, kozmetičkog pribora,ali i brojnih predmeta korišćenih za specifične svrhe, gde je ponekad teško odrediti njihovu tačnu funkciju. U tom smislu, posebno se može izdvojiti pribor za pisanje. U ovom radu biće predstavljen nalaz koštane spatule – lenjira pronađenog u Naisu. U pitanju je srazmerno redak nalaz sa teritorije Gornje Mezije. Predmet je analiziran sa tehno-tipološkog aspekta, a uočeni tragovi upotrebe ukazuju da je najverovatnije korišćen kao spatula kojom se zaravnjavao vosak na tablicama za pisanje. Mada uslovi nalaza ne daju bliže podatke o tome ko je bio vlasnik, odnosno korisnik ovog predmeta, ovakav nalaz pruža značajne podatke kako o strukturi i zanimanjima stanovništva antičkog Naisa, tako i o značaju i rasprostranjenosti kostiju kao sirovine za izradu svakodnevnih predmeta u antičko doba.Artefacts made of bone as the raw material made a significant part of the spectre of everyday use items during the Roman period. Bones and antlers were used for making small tools, cosmetic equipment, but also numerous objects used for specific purposes, though it can be difficult to ascertain their exact function sometimes. In this sense, writing equipment can be singled out. In this paper, the finding of a bone spatula – ruler, discovered in Naissus, will be presented. It is a relatively rare finding on the territory of Moesia Superior. The item was analysed from a techno-typological aspect, and the registered use-wear traces indicate that it was most probably used as a spatula, to flatten the wax on writing tablets. Although the finding conditions do not provide more precise data on who the owner, or the user of this item was, such a finding provides significant data both on the structure and the professions within the population of Antique Naissus, but also on the importance and wide-spread use of bone as a raw material for making everyday use items in the Antique period
Analysis of human osteological material from the eastern part of site no. 37 in Sremska Mitrovica
Full text linkThe direct reason for writing this paper was the new find of skeletons in the
medieval necropolis (10th-12th century) discovered as far back 1968 at the
Site No. 37 in Sremska Mitrovica (Sirmium). Institute for the protection of
cultural monuments in Sremska Mitrovica undertook protective archaeological
excavations in the eastern part of the site in 2010, discovering 29
skeletons. Since that archaeological analysis of Belo Brdo communities is
still in its infancy and considering that there is not a sufficiently big
sample for a more precise monitoring of this population’s inner dynamics, it
is considered useful to present results gained by studying these skeletons on
Site No. 37. Although the results in many ways match the results gained up
until now, there are some paleopathological changes that so far, have not
appeared and for which we had no direct confirmation in the osteological
material. One of these paleopathological changes is certainly syphilis.
[Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177007: Romanization,
urbanization and transformation of urban centres of civil, military and
residential character in Roman provinces on the territory of Serbia
The late Roman necropolis Beljnjača in Šid anthropological analysis
Full text linkThe aim of this study was the anthropological analysis of seven individuals from Late Roman period which were excavated in necropolis in Šid. Skeletal remains were incomplete, fragmentary and decomposed, so we couldn't manage to determinate sex and age of each individual (one senilis male, one maturus male, one adult male, one maturus female, two adult females, and one juvenilis I, unknown sex). To get a complete anthropological picture of buried individuals, detailed descriptions of individual skeletal remains for each grave were given. The description comprehended: preservation and completeness of skeletal remains, sex and age estimation, stature estimation paleopathological finds, nonmetric skeletal traits and skeletal markers of occupational stress. Dental analysis showed presence of caries, attrition and periodontal disorders. A careful observation of skeletal remains demonstrated that these deceased suffered of joint diseases and hematological disorders. In consideration of all these real existences these people buried here, were health and led a quiet and wealthy life
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