15 research outputs found
Klippel-Trenone syndrome. Etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
No full textDysplasia of the main veins (DMV) is known by the names of authors had described this pathology as the Klippel-Trenone syndrome (KTS). Many authors consider the cause of the syndrome to be the impact of various teratogenic factors. These include drugs, infectious agents, radiation exposure, domestic and occupational hazards. Teratogenic factors can damage embryo vessels, causing local stasis and hemorrhages, which can be cause for the perverse formation of veins and surrounding tissues. The clinical picture of severe and extremely severe degrees embryonic type DMV is quite simple. It include asymmetric hypertrophy of the extremities, “disfiguring” in patients with extremely severe degree, extensive cyanotic vascular spots, often accompanied by papillomatous nevus of the skin. The spots are located on the anterolateral surface of the thigh and lower leg. Embryonic veins, which can be found under the spots - a characteristic pathognomonic sign of the KTS. Disturbances in the shape of the limb and external signs of angiodysplasia (vascular spots, atypical veins) in children with mild to moderate severity degree are less pronounced and can be inconstant. Examination and treatment of children with DMV, depending on the severity of the lesion, it is rational to start from the time of detection to 6 years. Phlebography reveal various variants of violation of the surgical anatomy of the veins of the affected limbs. Medium and light forms of dysplasia of the main veins should be differentiated with similar forms of fetal type, congenital Parkes Weber syndrome and acquired iliofemoral thrombosis (atypical veins above the bosom). Sometimes there are combinations of dysplasia of the main, deep, intermuscular and superficial veins. The following operations, according to the indications, are performed: phlebectomy and perforant veins ligation; embryonic veins removal and main outflow correction; musculoskeletal system surgery, abdominal and retroperitoneal surgery, as well as amputation of affected limb. Treatment including surgical and non-surgical methods should be comprehensive and should be performed in highly specialized, multidisciplinary hospitals. (For citation: Azarov MV, Kupatadze DD, Nabokov VV. Klippel-Trenone syndrome. Etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2018;9(2):78-86. doi: 10.17816/PED9278-86).</jats:p
“Smenovekhovtsy” Movement and Realities of Soviet Society of 1920-ies
No full textThe issues linked with the emergence of “smenovekhovtsy” movement among the Russian emigration in the early 1920-ies are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the key position of “smenovekhovtsy” ideology about the inevitable rebirth of the Bolshevik regime in conditions of implementation of the new economic policy (NEP). The author dwells on the reasons for the formation of “smenovekhovtsy” ideas about the future of the country. It is shown that these views did not correspond to the political and socio-economic realities of Soviet society in the 1920-ies. Attention is paid to the evaluation of “smenovekhovtsy” ideology in the light of political struggle in the administration of the Bolshevik party in the period under review. The question of the moral choice of the Russian intelligentsia is raised in connection with the question of the need for cooperation with the Bolsheviks raised by “smenovekhovtsy”. A review of the correspondence of the most famous ideologist of “smenovekhovtsy” N. V. Ustryalov with his personal friend N. A. Tsurikov is made. The author proceeds from the fact that this correspondence is one of the most striking examples of the depth and dramatic split among Russian immigrants in the 1920-ies. It is concluded that the illusory and erroneous ideas about the prospects of development of Soviet society became the cause of the tragic personal fate for many of “smenovekhovtsy” who returned home from exile and became the victims of Stalinist repression of the 1930-ies
Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of children with dysplasia of the main veins
No full textDysplasia of the main veins is one of the little-studied problems of childhood, which often leads to the erroneous diagnosis and the wrong treatment tactics of this defect. In the angiomyrosurgical department of the Federal State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service, there were 270 children with dysplasia of the main veins in the SPbGPMU of the Russian Ministry of Health. The appearance of children with dysplasia of the main veins, in the "classical" version, is very characteristic. The extremity is disproportionately increased in volume and elongated. Smooth or bulging vascular spots are observed on the skin (often outside) as a geographical map, cyanotic (purple, "port wine") color. The pathognomonic sign is the presence of an embryonic vein, the trunk of which is of different length and caliber (from 3 to 25 mm) passes along the outer or anterior-external surface of the limb. Sometimes there is gigantism of feet, macrodactyly, syndactyly. However, the above classic clinical picture, which allows confidently diagnose dysplasia of the main veins, is not always revealed. In this regard, we examined the general, characteristic for the majority of patients factors, and those that are most important in determining the severity of the lesion in the preoperative period are identified. We propose a scheme of rational approach to the examination and treatment of sick children (270 patients), which should help optimize the treatment of patients with this malformation. It is established that the volume and type of surgical interventions depend on the type of defect and severity of the lesion.</jats:p
Monitoring of Fine Particulate Air Pollution as a Factor in Urban Planning Decisions
No full textAbstractThe article substantiates the importance of assessing air pollution when making town-planning decisions. It focuses on the composition of fine dust. The article considers the issues of describing dust concentration using the theory of stationary random functions. Such approach allows not only to obtain the characteristics of the particulate composition of dust in the air, but also to determine a number of additional parameters, namely, mean residence time of fractional concentration above the predetermined level, the average number of times when fractional concentration per time unit exceeds the standard. The article offers the methods and calculations of probability of dust concentration exceeding hygienic standards by the example of three districts of Volgograd. The results of these calculations are presented. Based on this research, several industries in the city received recommendations to reduce their emissions into the atmosphere
Public and dispositive segments of abuse of the subjective right: interdisciplinary look.
No full textУДК 343.12The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of a phenomenon "abuse of the right" from a position of the public and dispositive beginnings of his manifestation.The purpose of this article is to consider public and dispositive principles of abuse of the right in the scope of legal theory to qualify this phenomenon in criminal proceedings properly.Methodology. The author use methods of theoretical analysis and interdisciplinary approach as well as legal methods, including formal legal method and comparative law.Results, scope of it’s application. The authors note that the use of the advantages offered by abuse of the right is initially inherent only for the defending party in criminal proceedings.Abuse of the right in the procedural segment of disposition appears in the implementation of the right to protection in the criminal procedure as well as in the implementation of almost any rights in the civil proceedings.The main resource of publicity is realized exclusively by the courts in the civil procedure as well as by all government entities and officials in the criminal process. That’s why abuse of the right is interdicted by the activity of the court in civil procedure.The imperative method of legal regulation of public relations, that is the basis of publicity, is in fact one of the ways of prevention and suppression of abuse of rights. The disposition method, that is the basis of competition in legal relations, is a catalyst for the creation of situations of possible abuse of rights.Abuse of rights is manifested first and foremost in terms of the disposition, moreover – the higher the level of disposition in the particular branch of law provokes the greater likelihood of abuse of the right. Publicity limits disposition and, therefore, the possibility of abuse of the right.Conclusions. Legal institute of abuse of right requires early normative entrenchment in the criminal process. It should contain specific grounds for restricting specific rights, which is abused by party of procedure.The authors allow only one kind of liability for abuse of rights: a temporary restriction of the subjective rights of participants in criminal procedure on a very short term. It can be used only for systematic abuse of this right. Only court should have an authority for such restriction, taking into account prior notification of the supervising Procurator
Novel continuous fiber bi-matrix composite 3-D printing technology /
No full textA new paradigm in continuous fiber-reinforced polymer fused filament fabrication based on a thermoset-thermoplastic bi-matrix material system is proposed and proved. This totally new 3-D printing concept has the potential to overcome the drawbacks and to combine the advantages of separate thermoset and thermoplastic-based, fused filament fabrication methods and to advance continuous fiber-reinforced polymer 3-D printing toward higher mechanical performances of 3-D printed parts. The novel bi-matrix 3-D printing method and preliminary results related to the 3-D printed composite microstructure and performances are reported
On Relations between Russia and Europe in ХVII–XVIII Centuries
No full textThe article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of Russian international position in the XVII–XVIII centuries and to the change of the status of Russia in perception by Europeans from external, rather «Asian» state to European, though in many respects alien and obscure, power. In the article the main milestones of the European policy of Russia, features of its relations with Europe within the Westphalian system of the international relations are conceptually tracked. The attention is paid to the questions of the large-scale Russian army reorganization, the military industry development. Changes in the character and methods of the Russian foreign policy, particularly readiness of the government to allow country’s participation in the international agreements and unions, are noted. Diplomacy received recognition as one of the most important directions in the state activities. From the second half of the XVIII century Russia actively participated in maintenance of the European balance, no large European problem was solved without direct or indirect participation of Russia. Nevertheless, according to the author of article, it is impossible to speak about organic inclusion of Russia in the European relations’ system because in the European ruling circles and public consciousness Russia was perceived as something alien, external towards EuropeСтатья посвящена анализу трансформации международного положения Российского государства в XVII–XVIII веках, изменению его статуса в восприятии европейцев от внешнего, скорее «азиатского», государства до европейской, хотя и во многом чуждой и малопонятной, державы. В статье концептуально прослежены основные вехи европейской политики России, особенности ее взаимоотношений с Европой в рамках Вестфальской системы международных отношений. Уделяется внимание вопросам масштабной реорганизации русской армии, развития военной промышленности. Отмечаются изменения в характере и методах внешней политики России, в частности готовность правительства допускать участие страны в международных соглашениях и союзах. Дипломатия получила признание как важнейшее направление государственной деятельности. Со второй половины XVIII века Россия активно участвовала в поддержании европейского баланса, ни одна крупная европейская проблема не решалась без прямого или косвенного участия России. Тем не менее, по мнению автора статьи, нельзя говорить об органичном включении России в систему европейских отношений, поскольку в европейских правящих кругах и общественном сознании Россия воспринималась как нечто чуждое, внешнее по отношению к Европ
Pitirim Sorokin about Impact of Civil War on Russian Society Condition
No full textThe article is devoted to the investigation of the heritage of the famous Russian scientist Pitirim Aleksandrovich Sorokin, forcibly expelled from Soviet Russia in August 1922. The main attention is paid to P. Sorokin’s works, published in 1921-1922, in which the scientist attempted to analyze systematically the demographic, socio-economic, political, mental and moral changes in Russian society caused by the revolution and civil war. The attention is drawn to the profundity of P. Sorokin’s research. The author not only analyzes the situation in the country in the early years of NEP, but also tries to understand the global impact of the military-revolutionary upheavals of 1914-1921, their possible impact on the development prospects of the Russian state and society. The article examines the scientific arguments used by P. Sorokin in support of his thesis about the bankruptcy and the collapse of the main slogans of the revolution of 1917, which were turned into its opposite as a result of civil war. The nature and consequences of P. Sorokin’s polemics with the leader of the Soviet state Bolshevik Party Lenin are showed. By the example of Sorokin’s personal destiny the absolute intolerance to any dissent inherent in the totalitarian regime is considered. It is concluded that, taking into account the realities of the Soviet Union of 1920-1930, the forcible expulsion was the best alternative for P. SorokinСтатья посвящена изучению творческого наследия известного русского учёного Питирима Александровича Сорокина, насильственно высланного из Советской России в августе 1922 года. Главное внимание уделяется работам П. А. Сорокина, опубликованным в 1921-1922 гг., в которых учёный предпринял попытку системного анализа демографических, социально-экономических, политических и духовно-нравственных изменений в российском обществе, произошедших в результате революции и гражданской войны. Обращается внимание на глубину исследований П. А. Сорокина, который не только анализирует положение в стране в первые годы НЭПа, но и пытается осмыслить глобальные последствия военно-революционных потрясений 1914-1921 гг., их возможное влияние на перспективы развития российского общества и государства. В статье рассматриваются научные аргументы, приводимые П. А. Сорокиным в поддержку своего тезиса о банкротстве и крушении основных лозунгов революции 1917 года, превратившихся в результате гражданской войны в свою противоположность. Показаны характер и последствия полемики П. А. Сорокина с руководителем большевистской партии Советского государства В. И. Лениным. На примере личной судьбы П. А. Сорокина рассматривается свойственная тоталитарному режиму абсолютная нетерпимость к любому проявлению инакомыслия. Делается вывод, что с учётом советских реалий 1920-1930-х гг. насильственная высылка из страны стала для П. А. Сорокина лучшим варианто
Europe in 1871-1900: Political Equilibrium or Preparation to War?
No full textThis article analyzes the international relations in Europe in the last third of the XIX century. The major international conflicts of the period are considered, primarily the problem of the German-French relations. The political and diplomatic circumstances of "war anxieties" of 1875 and 1887 are analyzed. The evolution of foreign policy principles and approaches that have guided the governments of Russia and Great Britain in the situation of a possible military conflict between Germany and France are traced. The attention is paid to the impossibility of coordination between Russia and Great Britain during the European crisis of 1887. The changes in foreign policy and diplomacy of Chancellor Otto von Bismarck after the unification of Germany are marked. The attention is paid to the question of the balance of forces of leading European countries in the military field. According to the author, the diplomatic resolution of international crises during this period suggests that European governments viewed the war only as a last resort, an undesirable way to implement their foreign policy goals. Consequently, we can talk about establishing in Europe a long period of political equilibrium and groundlessness of traditional historiographical perspectives, considering European relations in 1871-1900 mainly as the beginning of folding World War I prerequisitesСтатья посвящена анализу международных отношений в Европе в последней трети XIX века. Рассматриваются главные международные конфликты этого периода, в первую очередь проблемы германо-французских отношений. Анализируются политические и дипломатические обстоятельства «военных тревог» 1875 и 1887 годов. Прослеживается эволюция внешнеполитических принципов и подходов, которыми руководствовались правительства России и Великобритании в ситуации возможного военного столкновения между Германией и Францией. Обращается внимание на невозможность координации действий России и Великобритании во время европейского кризиса 1887 года. Отмечаются изменения во внешней политике и дипломатии канцлера Отто фон Бисмарка после объединения Германии. Уделяется внимание вопросу о соотношении сил ведущих европейских государств в военной области. По мнению автора статьи, дипломатическое урегулирование международных кризисов в данный период свидетельствует о том, что правительства европейских государств рассматривали войну только как крайний, нежелательный способ реализации своих внешнеполитических целей. Следовательно, можно говорить об установлении в Европе длительного периода политического равновесия и неубедительности традиционных историографических точек зрения, рассматривающих европейские отношения 1871-1900 годов преимущественно как начало складывания предпосылок первой мировой войн
On Relations between Russia and Europe in ХVII–XVIII Centuries
No full textThe article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of Russian international position in the XVII–XVIII centuries and to the change of the status of Russia in perception by Europeans from external, rather «Asian» state to European, though in many respects alien and obscure, power. In the article the main milestones of the European policy of Russia, features of its relations with Europe within the Westphalian system of the international relations are conceptually tracked. The attention is paid to the questions of the large-scale Russian army reorganization, the military industry development. Changes in the character and methods of the Russian foreign policy, particularly readiness of the government to allow country’s participation in the international agreements and unions, are noted. Diplomacy received recognition as one of the most important directions in the state activities. From the second half of the XVIII century Russia actively participated in maintenance of the European balance, no large European problem was solved without direct or indirect participation of Russia. Nevertheless, according to the author of article, it is impossible to speak about organic inclusion of Russia in the European relations’ system because in the European ruling circles and public consciousness Russia was perceived as something alien, external towards EuropeСтатья посвящена анализу трансформации международного положения Российского государства в XVII–XVIII веках, изменению его статуса в восприятии европейцев от внешнего, скорее «азиатского», государства до европейской, хотя и во многом чуждой и малопонятной, державы. В статье концептуально прослежены основные вехи европейской политики России, особенности ее взаимоотношений с Европой в рамках Вестфальской системы международных отношений. Уделяется внимание вопросам масштабной реорганизации русской армии, развития военной промышленности. Отмечаются изменения в характере и методах внешней политики России, в частности готовность правительства допускать участие страны в международных соглашениях и союзах. Дипломатия получила признание как важнейшее направление государственной деятельности. Со второй половины XVIII века Россия активно участвовала в поддержании европейского баланса, ни одна крупная европейская проблема не решалась без прямого или косвенного участия России. Тем не менее, по мнению автора статьи, нельзя говорить об органичном включении России в систему европейских отношений, поскольку в европейских правящих кругах и общественном сознании Россия воспринималась как нечто чуждое, внешнее по отношению к Европ
