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    Optic nerve head morphologic characteristics in high-tension and normal-tension glaucoma

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    Objectives: To determine the morphometric parameters in high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, and to determine the relationship to disc size. Methods: One hundred eighty-six patients with glaucoma were recruited for this study. For each patient, only one eye was randomly chosen. Patients with NTG and HTG were classified using untreated intraocular pressure (lOP) as the variable; the NTG group had IOP less than 22 mm Hg during a diurnal tension curve, while patients with HTG had IOP greater than 21 mm Hg in at least 3 measurements. All the patients were examined with Humphrey perimeter program 30-2 and a Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. Findings were assessed by t test. Patients were then divided by disc area size into 3 subgroups: small discs with an area less than 2 mm2, midsized discs with an area of 2 to 3 mm2, and large discs with an area greater than 3 mm2. Results: One hundred thirty-two HTG eyes and 50 NTG eyes were assessed. Four eyes were excluded because they were classified as having secondary glaucoma. No significant differences were found between HTG and NTG eyes for any Heidelberg Retina Tomograph morphometric parameters, even when patients were divided into subgroups. Conclusion: No differences were apparent between HTG and NTG in morphometric parameters as measured by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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