1,721,069 research outputs found
Risk and prognosis of breast cancer among women at high risk of the disease
No full textThe overall objectives of this thesis were to increase our understanding of the risk and prognosis of breast cancer using the high risk groups of women with bilateral and familial breast cancer.Data from the Swedish Cancer Register, the Multi-Generation Register and the Cause of Death register was used in Paper I-III to identify women with bilateral cancer and study risk and prognosis of the disease. The incidence of synchronous breast cancer (In paper III we compared the incidence patterns of familial and non-familial bilateral disease to the risk of breast cancer in twin sisters identified using the Twin Registers of Sweden, Finland and Denmark. We observed differences in risk of breast cancer that are up to 5 to 7-fold larger in absolute terms with an entirely different age pattern when comparing the risk of disease in the opposite breast and in twin sisters to the general female population. The risk of cancer in the non-affected twin and the opposite breast was not affected by age or time since first event. The relative risk of familial bilateral cancer was 52% higher (IRR 1.52, 95%CI; 1.42-1.63) and the relative risk in the dizygotic twin sister was 26% lower (IRR 0.74 95%CI; 0.61-0.90) compared to the risk of non-familial bilateral cancer. In paper IV we assessed if breast cancer prognosis is inherited using a linked data set from the Swedish Cancer Register and the Multi-Generation register. We identified 3,618 mother-daughter and sister pairs with breast cancer and classified 5-year breast cancer specific prognosis among proband (mother or oldest sister) into tertiles as poor, intermediary or good. After adjusting for potential confounders daughters and sisters of a proband with poor prognosis had a 60 percent higher 5-year breast cancer mortality compared a proband with good prognosis (relative risk 1.6; 95%CI 1.2-2.2; p for trend 0.002).In conclusion, the risk of familial disease is high and differs by age from the risk in the general population. The risk of bilateral breast cancer is high and prognosis is poor and both related to adjuvant therapy. Finally there is evidence that breast cancer prognosis is inherited.List of scientific papersI. Hartman M, Czene K, Reilly M, Bergh J, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D, Adami HO, Hall P (2005). "Genetic implications of bilateral breast cancer: a population based cohort study." Lancet Oncol 6(6): 377-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70174-1 II. Hartman M, Czene K, Reilly M, Adolfsson J, Bergh J, Adami HO, Dickman PW, Hall P (2007). "Incidence and prognosis of synchronous and metachronous bilateral breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology. [Accepted] https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.10.5056 III. Hartman M, Hall P, Edgren G, Reilly M, Lichtenstein P, Kaprio J, Skytthe A, Peto J, Czene K (2007). "Breast cancer onset in twins and in women with bilateral disease." [Submitted]IV. Hartman M, Lindström L, Dickman PW, Adami HO, Hall P, Czene K (2007). "Is breast cancer prognosis inherited?" Breast Cancer Res 9(3): R39. https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr1737 </p
Supplemental material for Handling ties in continuous outcomes for confounder adjustment with rank-ordered logit and its application to ordinal outcomes
No full textSupplemental Material for Handling ties in continuous outcomes for confounder adjustment with rank-ordered logit and its application to ordinal outcomes by Yilin Ning, Chuen Seng Tan, Angeliki Maraki, Peh Joo Ho, Sheilagh Hodgins, Erika Comasco, Kent W Nilsson, Philippe Wagner, Eric YH Khoo, E-Shyong Tai, Shih Ling Kao, Mikael Hartman, Marie Reilly and Nathalie C Støer in Statistical Methods in Medical Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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