171,413 research outputs found
Toward a Family Science Perspective on Executive Compensation in Family Firms: A Review and Research Agenda
No full textIn family firms, the family often plays a central role in the strategic decisions of the business. However, until recently, research has primarily focused on exploring the role that business factors play in firm decision-making, with less attention given to the role of the family system. This article reviews the research on executive compensation in family firms to understand whether and how the family system has been considered within this work. Guided by the application of family science theories, we provide a framework to explain why it is important to incorporate the family system in the future study of executive compensation in family firms. We conclude by discussing a research agenda outlining how elements of the family system can be integrated into future executive compensation research to inspire scholars to think differently about this important research topic.The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
An iterative method for computing the pseudospectral abscissa for a class of nonlinear eigenvalue problems.
No full textWe consider the following class of nonlinear eigenvalue problems: (Σ i=1 m Aipi(λ))v = 0, where A 1,⋯, Am are given n ×n matrices and the functions p1,⋯, pm are assumed to be entire. This does not only include polynomial eigenvalue problems but also eigenvalue problems arising from systems of delay differential equations. Our aim is to compute the ∈-pseudospectral abscissa, i.e., the supremum of the real parts of the points in the ∈-pseudospectrum, which is the complex set obtained by joining all solutions of the eigenvalue problem under perturbations {δA i} i=1 m, of norm at most ∈, of the matrices {A i} i=1 m. Under mild assumptions, guaranteeing the existence of a globally rightmost point of the ∈-pseudospectrum, we prove that it is sufficient to restrict the analysis to rank-one perturbations of the form δA i = β iuv *, where u ∈ C n and v ∈ C n with β i ∈ C for all i. Using this main-and unexpected-result we present new iterative algorithms which require only the computation of the spectral abscissa of a sequence of problems obtained by adding rank one updates to the matrices Ai. These provide lower bounds to the pseudspectral abscissa and in most cases converge to it. A detailed analysis of the convergence of the algorithms is made. Their applicability and properties are illustrated by means of the delay and polynomial eigenvalue problem
Les Droits de la France sur l'Alsace et la Lorraine , par Alfred Michiels
No full textAppartient à l’ensemble documentaire : Alsace1Avec mode text
la lecture du seul dispositif de la décision – opposition non avenue – appel sur girefs au regard de l’article 210 du Code d’instruction crimnelle et l’appel subséquent du prévenu
No full textProcédure pénale – Phase de jugement et voies de recours
Olivier Michiels, président de chambre à la cour d’appel de Liège – Chargé de cours à l’Université de Liège
Jurisprudence, législation et doctrine
en 2019
Lecture du seul dispositif de la décision d
Législation
Révision du 22 avril 2019 de l'article 149 de la Constitution en ce qui concerne la publicité des jugements et des arrêts M.B. 2 mai 2019
La nouvelle loi du 5 mai 2019 modifiant le Code d'instruction criminelle et le Code judiciaire en ce qui concerne la publication des jugements et des arrêts, M.B. 16 mai 2019. La présente loi entre en vigueur à une date déterminée par le Roi et au plus tard le 1er septembre 2021.
Doctrine
C. Behrendt et A. Jousten, « La révision de l'article 149 de la Constitution : la publicité des décisions judiciaires à l'ère du numérique », J.T., 2020, pp. 2-8.
Opposition non avenue v
Législation
Article 187 paragraphe 9 alinéa 2 du Code d’instruction criminelle en tant qu’il n’envisage pas l’appel de la décision ayant considéré l’opposition non avenue
Jurisprudence
C. const., 26 septembre 2019, n ° 123/219 – appel du ministère public qui est limité au caractère déclaré avenu de l’opposition par le premier juge
Article 187 paragraphe 6, 1° du Code d’instruction criminelle qui précise les conditions dans lesquelles une opposition peut être déclarée non avenue.
Cass., 3 avril 2019, P. 19.0032.F sur l’existence d’une cause légitime (voir aussi C. const., 21 décembre 2017, n° 148/2017).
Doctrine
G. Falque, « Les imbroglios du caractère avenu ou non avenu de l’opposition en matière pénale », Rev. dr. pén., 2020, pp. 709-725
B. De Smet, «Het begrip ‘wettige verschoning’ van artikel 187, § 6, 1° Sv. als criterium voor ongedaan verzet » obs. sous Cass., 27 février 2019, T. Strafr., 2019, pp. 163; J.L.M.B., 2019, p. 665
D. Vandermeersch, « L’excuse légitime au secours des plus démunis », obs. sous Corr. Liège, 3 janvier 2018, J.L.M.B., 2018, pp. 572-573.
O. Michiels, « Petite discussion sur les thèmes de l’opposition non avenue et du droit d’assister en personne à son procès », note sous Cass., 21 mars 2018, Rev. dr. pén., 2018, pp. 1003-1024.
Appel sur griefs
Législation
Article 210 du Code d’instruction criminelle
Jurisprudence
C. const., 16 mai 2019, n° 67/2019 sur la survenance d’un élément nouveau après la requête d’appel
Cass., 29 mai 2019, P.18.0636.F sur les conditions cumulatives que doit rencontrer l’élément nouveau
C. const., 20 novembre 2019, n° 185/2019 et 189/2019 sur la limitation aux griefs formulés dans la requête d’appel
C.E., 11 septembre 2019, n° 245.401
Doctrine
L. Descamps, « À propos des arrêts n° 67/2019, du 16 mai 2019, de la Cour constitutionnelle et du 29 mai 2019 de la Cour de cassation. Le point sur l’appel en matière pénale en cas de survenance d’un « élément nouveau », obs. sous Cass., 29 mai 2019, Rev. dr. pén., 2020, pp. 845-863.
O. Michiels, « Ton appel tu motiveras… », obs. sous Cass., 6 mars 2019, J.L.M.B., 2019, pp. 1911-1918.
O. Michiels, « De l’utilisation des moyens nouveaux par le juge d’appel », obs. sous c. const., 20 novembre 2019, J.T., 2020, pp. 101-106.
Appel subséquent du prévenu
Législation
Article 203 §§ 1 et 2 du Code d’instruction criminelle
Jurisprudence
C. const, 6 juin 2019, n° 96/2019 Délai supplémentaire en cas d’appel du prévenu qui suit l’appel formé par le ministère public ou la partie civile
Doctrine
O. MICHIELS, « Le prévenu intimé peut-il se prévaloir d’un délai supplémentaire d’appel ? », note sous C. const., 6 juin 2019, Droit pén. Entr., 2019, pp. 171-179.
Ouvrages généraux de procédure pénale
M. FRANCHIMONT, A. JACOBS et A. MASSET, Manuel de procédure pénale, 4ème éd., Larcier, 2012.
M.-A. BEERNAERT, H.-D. BOSLY et D. VANDERMEERSCH, Droit de la procédure pénale, 8ème éd., La Charte, 2017, T I et II.
O. MICHIELS et G. FALQUE, Principes de procédure pénale, Collection de la Faculté de droit de l’Université de Liège, Larcier, 2019
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evolutie en mechanismen van bacteriële persistentie, een snelweg voor de evolutie van genetische resistentie
No full textPersister cells constitute a small, antibiotic-tolerant fraction in an otherwise susceptible population. These phenotypic variants are inherent in any bacterial species and are strongly involved in recurrent and chronic infections. An in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation, maintenance, and resuscitation of persister cells is still lacking, especially in clinically relevant pathogenic strains. This is largely due to the transient and rare nature of persister cells, which renders them inconvenient for analysis with standard molecular-genetic approaches. Additionally, it remains debated whether persistence is an evolved, adaptive strategy, or rather the result from accidental errors in cellular metabolism.
In a first part of this work, we used an innovative selection strategy to investigate the evolutionary adaptation of important Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens towards periodic treatment with high doses of aminoglycoside antibiotics. In all tested species, we rapidly observed a strong increase in persister levels. This finding could have profound clinical consequences, as selection for increased persister levels during actual infections could prohibit treatment success without involving increased MICs, and thus remain unnoticed by the treating physician. The genetic basis of the evolutionary adaptation towards high persistence was investigated using whole-genome sequencing. Our analysis revealed a number of new putative persistence determinants. However, mutational targets showed little overlap between species, presenting a significant hurdle for the development of genetic diagnostic markers for high persistence.
The second part of this thesis discusses the role of respiratory complex I, the first enzyme in the bacterial respiratory chain, in persistence. We repeatedly identified mutations in this large complex in evolved high-persistence mutants of laboratory and pathogenic E. coli strains. Remarkably, mutations only occurred in the subunits that are responsible for the generation of the proton motive force. We showed that bacteria expressing the mutated form of complex I displayed an intact electron transport chain, but impaired proton translocation, leading to cytoplasmic acidification and antibiotic tolerance.
Many pathogenic bacteria can invade the eukaryotic host cell to escape immune components. However, time-kill dynamics and persistence of intracellular bacteria in the face of antibiotic treatment are currently poorly characterised. We investigated the time-kill response of E. coli and P. aeruginosa in human monocytes after exposure to three different bactericidal antibiotics. Additionally, we found that mitomycin C, a promising anti-persister molecule, is also effective against intracellular bacteria.
In a final part, we used a combined experimental and mathematical modelling approach to address the long-standing hypothesis of persistence acting as a driver for the evolution of genetic antibiotic resistance. Our results show that persistence plays a dual role: it increases both the reservoir of viable cells and the mutation rate, two factors that jointly contribute to the emergence of genetically resistant mutants. Thus, the battle against antibiotic-resistant pathogens could benefit strongly from incorporating anti-persister strategies.
In conclusion, the results presented in this thesis yield interesting new insights into the evolutionary and mechanistic aspects of persistence, including its link with the emergence of genetic resistance. These results will potentially contribute to the development of better drugs and treatment strategies needed to successfully combat bacterial infections and limit the occurrence and spread of antibiotic resistance.status: Publishe
Près d'un enfant : récit interprété par Mademoiselle Amiati à l'Eldorado [illustration Edw. Ancourt (Edward Ancourt (1841-19..)]
No full textPrès d'un enfant : récit interprété par Mademoiselle Amiati à l'Eldorado ; illustration signée Edward Ancourt ; tampon (magasin de musique) ; paroles H. Dracy [Henri Dracy (18..-18..? parolier pseudonyme non-identifié] ; musique G. Michiels [Gustave Michiels (1845-1911)] ; C. Joubert éditeur [Célestin Joubert (1861-1934)] ; [intérieur : cotage LB850, datation par cotage 1874 (Devriès et Lesure)] ; incipit : "Près d'un berceau, par une nuit bien sombre"
Près d'un enfant : récit interprété par Mademoiselle Amiati à l'Eldorado [illustration Edw. Ancourt (Edward Ancourt (1841-19..)]
No full textPrès d'un enfant : récit interprété par Mademoiselle Amiati à l'Eldorado ; illustration signée Edward Ancourt ; tampon (magasin de musique) ; paroles H. Dracy [Henri Dracy (18..-18..? parolier pseudonyme non-identifié] ; musique G. Michiels [Gustave Michiels (1845-1911)] ; C. Joubert éditeur [Célestin Joubert (1861-1934)] ; [intérieur : cotage LB850, datation par cotage 1874 (Devriès et Lesure)] ; incipit : "Près d'un berceau, par une nuit bien sombre"
The C-terminal region of IL-22Ra : a novel potential therapeutic target for psoriasis
No full textIL-22 is a cytokine that plays a deleterious role in psoriasis and a beneficial one in colitis through the activation of JAK/STAT pathway. We demonstrated the presence of an alternative mechanism of STAT3 activation, requiring the C-terminal (C-ter) region of IL-22Ra and the coiled-coil domain (CCD) of STAT3. In vivo, our data show that, in various organs, the C-ter part of IL-22Ra is involved in STAT3 activation mediated by IL-22. In the skin, deletion of the C-ter partially protects mice from psoriatic lesions while it slightly affects the development of colitis. In conclusion, this study suggests that the C-ter part of IL-22Ra is a potential target to partially block the deleterious effects of IL-22 in the skin but leaving intact the beneficial ones. For this purpose, we used a monobody approach targeting the CCD of STAT3. We show that this monobody blocks the alternative activation of STAT3 by IL-22Ra.L’IL-22 est une cytokine qui joue un rôle délétère dans le psoriasis et bénéfique dans la colite via l’activation de la voie JAK/STAT. Nous avons mis en évidence l’existence d’un mécanisme alternatif d’activation de STAT3, dépendant de la queue C-terminale (C-ter) de l’IL-22Ra et du domaine coiled-coil (CCD) de STAT3. In vivo, nos données montrent que, dans certains organes, la partie C-ter est requise pour l’activation de STAT3 induite par l’IL-22. Dans la peau, la délétion de cette partie protège partiellement les souris des lésions de type psoriasis alors qu’elle impacte peu le développement de la colite. En conclusion, cette étude suggère que la queue C-ter est une cible potentielle pour bloquer partiellement les effets délétères de l’IL-22 dans la peau tout en conservant ses effets bénéfiques. Dans cette optique, nous avons utilisé une approche monobody ciblant le CCD de STAT3. Nous avons montré que ce monobody bloque le mécanisme alternatif d’activation de STAT3 par l’IL-22Ra.(BIFA - Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques) -- UCL, 202
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
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