1,721,752 research outputs found
Azione sindacale e catene globali del valore
No full textThe article examines trade unions’ legal strategies aimed at enforcing fundamental labor rights in global value chains. It begins by addressing the reasons for the absence of litigation regarding global framework agreements and subsequently delves into an analysis of mandatory human rights due diligence legislation, specifically focusing on civil liability provisions and the role assigned to collective actors.
Il contributo analizza le strategie dei sindacati volte a far rispettare i diritti fondamentali del lavoro nelle catene globali del valore. Dopo aver messo in risalto le ragioni dell'assenza di controversie in merito agli accordi quadro accordi quadro globali, viene condotta un'analisi delle legislazioni sulla due diligence in materia di diritti umani, con particolare attenzione alle disposizioni in materia di responsabilità civile e al ruolo assegnato agli attori collettivi
Guyot training: a new system for producing apples and pears
No full textThe Guyot system for apple and pear Is the slender spindle in apple going to be replaced by narrow hedge systems? The advantages of narrow hedges (fruit walls) are, among others: more light (skin colour), better labour ef!ciency and the possibility to automate cultivation measures and (in future) even to robotise them. During the last few decades, researcher Alberto Dorigoni of Fondazione Edmund Mach in San Michele all’Adige (Italy), has done research into narrow fruit hedges and matching tree shapes. In 2005 a start was made with trees with two central leaders (Bibaum®). In the following years trees with 3, 4, 6 or 8 central leaders were planted. In this article, he presents the advantages and disadvantages of trees with several central leaders: the multi central leader or Guyot system
Aree marine protette: esperienze del caso California. Performance e organizzazione sistemica
No full textL’approccio sistemico nell’organizzazione e gestione delle Aree Marine Protette del Mediterraneo: un’esigenza.
Il sistema Californiano. Spunti di riflessione per il contesto Mediterrane
Guyot: nuovo sistema di allevamento per melo e pero
No full textFrutteti pedonali, ad interfilari stretti, tecnologie di precisione, trattamenti più efficienti con meno deriva, possibilità di governare il microclima tramite coperture; vantaggi e attrattive dell’allevamento a Guyot con struttura multiasse impostata su cordone permanente basso orizzontale (da cui l’analogia con la vite). Un nuovo modello di gestione delle pomacee che richiede alta professionalità
Interplay of encrusting coralline algae and sea urchins in maintaining alternative habitats
No full textIn proximity of shelters, grazing by sea urchins plays a fundamental role in establishing and maintaining areas dominated by encrusting corallines. Much attention has been given to the effects of urchins on algal assemblages in shallow subtidal reefs, but few studies attempted to clarify the role played by encrusting coralline algae in this system. It has been shown that encrusting corallines are able to reduce settlement of potential competitors, suggesting that they do not rely on grazing by herbivores to prevent swamping by erect algal species. In shallow subtidal reefs of the Mediterranean Sea, the sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula are the main herbivores, whose grazing commonly leads to a mosaic of areas dominated alternatively by encrusting corallines and turf-forming algae. This study aims to separate the effects of urchins and encrusting corallines on the re-colonisation of encrusting coralline-dominated patches (barren habitat) by surrounding erect algal species (turf-forming algae). Different hypotheses were tested by means of multivariate and univariate analyses. The multivariate hypothesis was that the algal assemblage developing when encrusting corallines and urchins are simultaneously removed would be more similar to that establishing in stands of turf-forming algae, than that developing when none or only 1 of the 2 factors is manipulated. The univariate hypotheses tested were: (1) that there is a negative effect of sea urchins and encrusting corallines on the re-colonisation of barren areas by surrounding turf-forming algal species and (2) that the effects of encrusting corallines are weaker than those of urchins, but that they operate in the same direction. These hypotheses were tested by means of an orthogonal manipulation of urchins and encrusting corallines. At each of 3 study sites, 2 replicate barren patches were assigned to each of these treatments: (1) +corallines+urchins; (2) +corallines-urchins; (3) -corallines+urchins; (4) -corallines-urchins. The results suggest that the occurrence of areas dominated by encrusting corallines on shallow subtidal reefs in the northwest Mediterranean is not simply the result of grazing by sea urchins on turf-forming species. The removal of encrusting corallines also affected the abundance of dominant algal species and determined the development of an algal assemblage resembling those occurring within stands of algal turfs. The effects of the removal of urchins on turf-forming species were generally positive, while those of encrusting corallines varied from negative (Padina pavonica) to positive (Acetabularia acetabulum and filamentous algae). Therefore, the role played by encrusting corallines in maintaining alternative habitats on shallow subtidal reefs should be taken into account, thus avoiding the overestimation of the effects of grazing by sea urchins
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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