643 research outputs found
Démarrer sur les chapeaux de roues : ressources lexicographiques pour l’enseignement/apprentissage des expressions figées
No full textLes dictionnaires répertorient un riche patrimoine linguistico-culturel, dont les expressions figées sont un exemple de grand intérêt. Dans le but de sensibiliser les enseignants et les apprenants de FLE à ce sujet linguistique et culturel, nous nous interrogeons sur l’emploi des dictionnaires pour l’enseignement/apprentissage des expressions figées. Après avoir décrit le traitement des expressions formées à partir de l’unité lexicale chapeau dans des ressources lexicographiques ayant des objectifs différents, nous détaillerons les activités d’une séquence didactique pour des apprenants de FLE de niveau B1+
Fotografía de Carmen Martin Gaite firmando libros junto a Manuela Grassi, Roberta Mazzanti, Maria Vittoria Calvi, Elide Pittanello y Michaela Finassi en Milán durante la presentación de la traducción al italiano de las obras: "Nubosidad variable" y "El cuarto de atrás".
No full textCarmen Martín Gaite viaja a Italia en octubre de 1995 para hacer diversas presentaciones de sus obras: "Nubosidad variable" y "El cuarto de atrás" que ese año se habían traducido al italiano: Nuvolosità variabile en la editorial Giunti y La stanza dei giochi en La tartaruga ambas traducidas por Michela Finassi Parolo. Las presentaciones se hicieron en el Instituto Cervantes de Nápoles (a cargo de Alessandra Riccio) y en el de Milán (a cargo de Elide Pittarello y Maria Vittoria Calvi); también fue invitada de honor en una conocida transmisión radiofónica de carácter cultural de la emisora Radio Popolare.Metodología: Esta fotografía pertenece al Álbum número 3 de Carmen Martín Gaite
PATTERN OF INNATE IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS) EITHER BEFORE ANDAFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT (HSCT)
No full textMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogenous group of myeloid neoplasms that primarily affect elderly people and, in the context of population aging, MDS incidence is set to increase substantially. MDS patients have a variable risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, cytogenetic changes and molecular abnormalities.
In the past decade significant efforts have been made to understand the pathophysiology of MDS. It has become increasingly evident that early driver mutations dictate the clonal proliferation of myelodysplastic cells and the trajectories of evolution of MDS with distinct clinical phenotypes. However, the definite pathogenetic mechanism of MDS is still not fully clarified, hindering the clinical decision-making process. Indeed, frontline pharmacological therapies, mainly based on the use of hypomethylating agents (HMAs), are not curative and the current patient risk stratification, aimed at identifying MDS patients with a higher risk to progress to AML, ineffectively predicts patient prognosis and response to therapies. Moreover, the only curative treatment for high-risk MDS patients is hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), however, only a small portion of patients is eligible for it.
The dysregulation and dysfunction of the immune system with the acquisition of an immunosuppressive signature are emerging as important characteristics in the prognosis and the clinical outcome of MDS patients. Indeed, although MDS patients are generally lymphopenic, cellular immunity seems to be up-regulated in low-risk MDS patients and impaired in high-risk MDS patients. For this reason, a deeper investigation of the immune populations is essential to identify new clinically relevant MDS prognostic and/or predictive markers. Furthermore, the alteration of the bone marrow niche together with the cytokine unbalance further contributes to increase genomic instability, to repress normal hematopoiesis and to determine an immune tolerant microenvironment in the of MDS patients. Despite this evidence, the primary orchestrators of the dysregulated MDS microenvironment have not yet been identified.
In this context, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are emerging as important actors in the pathophysiology of different cancers, by generating a suppressive and tolerant environment. Indeed, we and others demonstrated that ILC subset distribution and functions in AML are altered and contribute to immunotolerance. However, a comprehensive immune-phenotypic characterization of ILCs aiming at investigating their involvement in MDS pathogenesis, progression and in response to the main therapeutic interventions is still lacking.
The solely ILC subpopulation investigated in MDS is represented by NK cells. However, the experimental data available nowadays show contradictions.
In this PhD thesis, we aim at performing a deep characterization of cytotoxic, namely NK cells, and helper ILC frequency, phenotype and function in a large cohort of MDS and AML patients during the natural history of the disease and in the response to HMA treatment and also their immune reconstitution (IR) upon haploidentical-HSCT.
Our data demonstrated that MDS patients, and especially those with high blast counts, have a deficient ILC-poiesis characterized by the accumulation of ETP2s, a preferential differentiation toward dysfunctional ILC1s, accompanied by the reduction of total NK cells, with a skewing toward less differentiated NK cell subsets that are functionally impaired. This pathological ILC differentiation is related to a defect endowed by ILC progenitors, which are able to modify the morphology and functional properties of MSCs in the BM niche
"Thomas Otway: Don Carlos"
No full textWhen Thomas Otway’s Don Carlos was performed at Dorset Garden Theatre in June 1676, early Restoration rhymed heroic plays were almost out of fashion. In the Prologue to Aureng-Zebe
(1675), John Dryden declared he had grown “weary of his long-lov’d Mistris, Rhyme” (Dryden
1995, Prologue 8), yet Otway’s second stage effort – written in heroic couplets – triumphed and
repaid its author for the failure of his abortive first tragedy, Alcibiades, which had been
unsympathetically received one year earlier. John Downes records that Otway’s new play “lasted
successively 10 days” and “got more money that any preceding Modern Tragedy” (Downes 1987,
36)
Ritorno a Thornfield. La "storia segreta" di Adèle Varens in Thornfield Hall di Emma Tennant
No full textIn the line of the Neo-Victorian movement within postmodern literature, in 2002 British author Emma Tennant (1937-2017) re-wrote Charlotte Brontë’s 1847 Jane Eyre as Thornfield Hall. Even though its subtitle, The Hidden Story of Jane Eyre, anticipates a new appendix to Jane’s widely known adventures, the novel is in fact centred on Adèle Varens, “the French dancer’s bastard”. In particular, Tennant’s narrative looks back at the Brontean novel by exploring the Parisian milieu in which the young Adèle breathes the air of the Révolution and learns how to resist the patriarchal and political established order; and yet, later on, she seems to forget the teachings she drew from Céline Varens, her mother, and her world in a problematic intertextual twist that questions the presence of the Other – once again represented by Bertha Antoinette Mason, echoing Jean Rhys’s 1966 masterpiece Wide Sargasso Sea – but ultimately/inevitably pays homage to Brontë’s classic
L'épiflore des substrats de l'étage circalittoral dans la Baie de Calvi (Corse-Méditerranée): 1. Inventaire
No full textThe author describes the biotopes seen during 55 diving-sessions (1977-'81) between 30 m and 75 m depth in the Bay of Calvi (Corsica). The phycological epiflora is shortly characterized and a list of the collected species is given, it contains 194 taxa of which 26 Chlorophyceae, 40 Phaeophyceae and 128 Rhodophyceae; 4 species are new to Corsica. This species-list is compared with those of Molinier (dredging, Cap Corse) and of Giaccone (diving, Tyrrhenean Sea)
The three layers of adaptation granularity
No full textIn spite of the interest in AHS, there are not as many applications as could be expected. We have previously pinpointed the problem to rely on the difficulty of AHS authoring. Adaptive features that have been successfully introduced and implemented until now are often too fine grained, and an author easily loses the overview. This paper introduces a three-layer model and classification method for adaptive techniques: direct adaptation rules, adaptation language and adaptation strategies. The benefits of this model are twofold: on one hand, the granulation level of authoring of adaptive hypermedia can be precisely established, and authors therefore can work at the most suitable level for them. On the other hand, this is a step towards standardization of adaptive techniques, especially by grouping them into a higher-level adaptation language or strategies. In this way, not only adaptive hypermedia authoring, but also adaptive techniques exchange between adaptive applications can be enabled
Targeting NKG2A to elucidate natural killer cell ontogenesis and to develop novel immune-therapeutic strategies in cancer therapy
No full textNatural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells with a primary role in the immune surveillance against non-self-cells. NK cell recognition of “self” relies on the surface expression on autologous cells of MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules. Either the absence or the down-modulation of MHC-I on target cells “license” NK cells to kill threatening tumor-transformed or virally infected cells. This phenomenon is controlled by a limited repertoire of activating and inhibitory NK receptors (aNKRs and iNKRs) that tunes NK cell activation and effector functions. Hence, the calibration of NK cell alloreactivity depends on the ability of iNKRs to bind MHC-I complex and these interactions are key in regulating both NK cell differentiation and effector functions. Indeed, the presence of iNKRs specific for self-MHC haplotypes (i) plays a role in the “licensing/education” process that controls the responsiveness of mature NK cells and prevents their activation against the “self” and (ii) is exploited by tumor cells to escape from NK cell cytotoxicity. Herein, we review our current knowledge on function and clinical application of NKG2A, a C-type lectin iNKR that binds specific haplotypes of human leukocyte antigens early during the NK cell maturation process, thus contributing to modulate the terminal maturation of NK cells as potent effectors against cancers cells. These NKG2A-mediated mechanisms are currently being exploited for developing promising immune-therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of solid and blood tumors and to ameliorate the clinical outcome of patients undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to treat high-risk hematologic malignancies
Il Dictionarium Latino-Slavonorossiacum di Ivan Maksymovyč: il contributo lessicografico
No full textIn the present article the author, after briefly characterizing the figure of the Ukrainian translator and lexicographer Ivan Maskymovych, describes the “Dictionarium Latino-Slavonorossiacum”, that is the most complete Latin-(Slavic)Russian (and Ukrainian) dictionary of the first quarter of the eighteenth century. The author illustrates at length the critical studies on this dictionary, and then analyses the dictionary itself starting with the preface, in which Maksymovych illustrates the principles he has followed in the compilation of the dictionary. The author thoroughly illustrates how these principles are reflected in the dictionary and provides a in-depth analysis of all the lexical-grammatical categories as they are presented in the dictionary. The author shows that the semanticization of the dictionary entries, characterized by the contextualization of the words, and by the numerous meanings provided, makes this dictionary a precious work. Finally, the author draws a comparison between the two extant copies of the dictionary (the second of which is here analyzed for the first time), and comes to the conclusion that the second exemplar, which contains about 80 added lexemes, witnesses to Maksymovyc’s gradual russification due to his prolonged stay in Russia and provides a living picture of the linguistic use of Petrine Russia
L' épiflore des substrats de l'étage circalittoral dans la Baie de Calvi (Corse-Méditerranée): 2 . Méthodes et relevés
No full textThe author describes the methods used for the phytosociological study of the epiflora of the upper part of the circalittoral zone (-30/-68 m), mainly on loose substrate, in the Bay of Calvi (Corsica-Mediterranean Sea). A description of the 32 relevés is given and a table is added with the results of the sorting: number and cover of Chloro-, Phaeo- and Rhodophyceae, total number of species and the sum of the coverages for each rélevé
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