210 research outputs found
Setting staffing requirements for time-dependent queueing networks: the case of accident and emergency departments
No full textAn incentive scheme aimed at reducing patients’ waiting times in accident and emergency departments was introduced by the UK government in 2000. It requires 98% of patients to be discharged, transferred, or admitted to inpatient care within 4 hours of arrival. Setting the minimal hour by hour medical staffing levels for achieving the government target, in the presence of complexities like time-varying demand, multiple types of patients, and resource sharing, is the subject of this paper. Building on extensive body of research on time dependent queues, we propose an iterative scheme which uses infinite server networks, the square root staffing law, and simulation to come up with a good solution. The implementation of this algorithm in a typical A&E department suggests that significant improvement on the target can be gained, even without increase in total staff hour
Reactivity and selectivity in intermolecular insertion reactions of chlorophenylcarbene
No full textPT: J; CR: DOYLE MP, 1987, CHEM DIAZIRINES, CH8 DOYLE MP, 1987, J ORG CHEM, V52, P1619 GOULD IR, 1985, TETRAHEDRON, V41, P1587 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 KIRMSE W, 1964, CARBENE CHEM MOSS RA, 1985, REACTIVE INTERMEDIAT, V3, CH3 MOSS RA, 1986, J AM CHEM SOC, V108, P7028 PADWA A, 1969, J ORG CHEM, V34, P2728 SEYFERTH D, 1967, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V7, P405 SEYFERTH D, 1968, J AM CHEM SOC, V90, P2944 SEYFERTH D, 1970, J ORG CHEM, V35, P1989 SEYFERTH D, 1973, J AM CHEM SOC, V75, P6763 SOUNDARARAJAN N, IN PRESS J AM CHEM S STANG PJ, 1987, J AM CHEM SOC, V109, P5019 STEINBECK K, 1978, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1103 STEINBECK K, 1981, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V20, P773; NR: 16; TC: 18; J9: TETRAHEDRON LETT; PG: 4; GA: R2217Source type: Electronic(1
Evidence for carbohydrate-independent endocytosis of tissue-type plasminogen activator by liver cells.
No full textSource type: Electronic(1
Endocytosis and intracellular processing of tissue-type plasminogen activator by rat liver cells in vivo.
No full textSource type: Electronic(1
Tissue-type plasminogen activator and ovalbumin show colocalization after endocytosis in hepatic cells.
No full textSource type: Electronic(1
Caveolin-3 associates with developing T-tubules during muscle differentiation
No full textCaveolae, flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, are particularly abundant in muscle cells. We have recently cloned a muscle-specific caveolin, termed caveolin-3, which is expressed in differentiated muscle cells. Specific antibodies to caveolin-3 were generated and used to characterize the distribution of caveolin-3 in adult and differentiating muscle. In fully differentiated skeletal muscle, caveolin-3 was shown to be associated exclusively with sarcolemmal caveolae. Localization of caveolin-3 during differentiation of primary cultured muscle cells and development of mouse skeletal muscle in vivo suggested that caveolin-3 is transiently associated with an internal membrane system. These elements were identified as developing transverse-(T)-tubules by double-labeling with antibodies to the alpha(1) subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor in C2C12 cells. Ultrastructural analysis of the caveolin-3-labeled elements showed an association of caveolin-3 with elaborate networks of interconnected caveolae, which penetrated the depths of the muscle fibers. These elements, which formed regular reticular structures, were shown to be surface-connected by labeling with cholera toxin conjugates. The results suggest that caveolin-3 transiently associates with T-tubules during development and may be involved in the early development of the T-tubule system in muscle
Impacts of Unionization on Employment, Product Quality and Productivity: Regression Discontinuity Evidence From Nursing Homes
No full textThis paper studies the effects of nursing home unionization on numerous labor, establishment, and consumer outcomes using a regression discontinuity design. We find negative effects of unionization on staffing levels and no decline in care quality, suggesting positive labor productivity effects. Some evidence suggests that nursing homes in less competitive local product markets and those with lower union density at the time of election experienced stronger union employment effects. Unionization appears to raise wages for a given worker while also shifting the composition of the workforce away from higher-earning workers. By combining credible identification of union effects, a comprehensive set of outcomes over time with measures of market-level characteristics, this study generates some of the best evidence available on many controversial questions in the economics of unions. Furthermore, it generates evidence from the service sector, which has grown in importance and where evidence has been thin.
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