239 research outputs found
An IgG1 single-dilution avidity ELISA predicts cross-protection against heterologous foot-and-mouth disease virus challenge after vaccination
No full textThis study aims to analyze if the results from different serological assays, used alone or combined, could match the outcome of challenge infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) after vaccination in cattle. Day-of-challenge sera from animals that had been vaccinated 21 days before with monovalent formulations containing inactivated A Iran 96 or A Iran 99 virus strains were used. Challenge and serology were performed with A22 Iraq strain. IgG1 titers and total-IgG avidity indexes were significantly higher in protected animals (p 0.05). An IgG1 avidity ELISA was developed to analyze in one step, IgG1 levels and avidity. This assay estimated protection with 96 % accuracy. A strong agreement with challenge results was achieved (K = 0.85), suggesting a role of high-affinity IgG1 in protection against FMDV. These results support the assessment of the single dilution IgG1-Avidity ELISA to predict cross-protection in FMDV-vaccinated cattle.Fil: Cardoso, Nancy Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Eschbaumer, Michael. Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; AlemaniaFil: Capozzo, Alejandra Victoria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; Argentin
Limitations of sandwich ELISAs for bluetongue virus antibody detection
No full textEU [FOOD-CT-2006-016236
Cross-sectional study of bluetongue virus serotype 8 infection in South American camelids in Germany (2008/2009)
No full textBluetongue (BT) is a major disease of ruminant livestock that can have a substantial impact on income and animal welfare. In South American camelids (SAC), fatalities related to bluetongue virus (BTV) infection were reported in Germany and France during the recent BTV-8 and BTV-1 epizootics, which raised concern about the role of SAC in the epidemiology of BTV. Therefore, a large-scale serological and virological study was conducted in Germany from autumn 2008 to spring 2009. Risk factors associated with BTV infection were analysed by multiple logistic regression. These included age, species, gender and housing arrangements of SAC as well as the location of the herds and the presence of ruminants on farms.Altogether, 249 (14.3%) of 1742 SAC were found seropositive by BTV ELISA, and 43 (47.3%) of the 91 herds had at least one BTV-seropositive SAC. However, no BTV RNA was detected in any of the seropositive samples. Seroprevalence depended on the sampling region and probably on age, but not on any other analysed risk factors associated with BTV infection in ruminants. The highest seroprevalence was found in the west of Germany where the BTV-8 epizootic started in 2006. Recorded BTV-8 related disease and fatalities are discussed. Although the prevalence of BTV-8 antibodies was high in some regions, the virological results indicate that SAC play a negligible role in the epidemiology of this virus infection. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Sars und Ebola auf engstem Raum : Warum Riems die gefährlichste Insel Deutschlands ist
No full textWie übertragen sich Viren vom Tier auf den Menschen? Was kann vor einer Ansteckung schützen? Auf der Insel Riems erforschen Wissenschaftler unter hohen Sicherheitsvorkehrungen die gefährlichsten Seuchen der Welt. ntv-Reporterin Dania Maria Hohn durfte sich dort umsehen
Serotyping of foot-and-mouth disease virus using oxford nanopore sequencing
No full textFoot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), belonging to the family of Picornaviridae, infects mostly cloven-hoofed animals and leads to huge economic losses. Since there is no cross-protection between the seven serotypes of FMDV, effective vaccination relies on the knowledge of the serotype causing the outbreak. The most common methods of serotyping are antigen ELISAs and amplification-based sequencing. Serotype-specific PCR methods exist but have limitations due to emerging mutants within serotypes. Sequencing is a promising technology, but currently suffers from cumbersome procedures and long turnaround times. In this study, we have established a novel sequencing protocol relying on nanopore sequencing and offline BLAST search. The procedure was completed in 5 hours including RNA extraction, reverse transcription, second-strand synthesis, barcoding, sequencing and data analysis, which did not require a bioinformatician. In total, 12193 sequence files were obtained. The offline BLAST search to the P1 region revealed the most successful categorization of the seven FMDV serotypes (specificity: 98.3%) over whole genome (24.8%), P2 (23.6%) and P3 (21.4%). In conclusion, our protocol enables rapid and reliable FMDV serotyping. The whole procedure can be conducted with a mobile suitcase laboratory, which is easy to use at the point of need in endemic countries
Recent Developments in Immunoprophylaxis, Diagnosis and Epizootiology of Bluetongue Virus in Germany
No full textMKS bei kleinen Wiederkäuern: klinische Besonderheiten und ihre Rolle in der Epidemiologie
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