9 research outputs found
لیل و نہار کا پہلا شمارہ، ایک تجزیاتی جائزہ
No full textProgressive Papers Limited (PPL) was an institution that worked for the progress and awareness of the society. Mian Iftkhar-ul-din founded this organization in 1946. Pakistan Times, Amroz and Lail-o-Nahar were published under the umbrella of PPL. These newspapers and magazines were known among the public for their outspoken and fearless reporting. This courageous reporting also had consequences when Ayub Khan's government took over PPL in the name of nationalization. In this hostile environment, Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Sibte Hasan and Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi did not desist from their mission to spread the knowledge of enlightenment. Sibte Hasan, the editor of Lail-o-Nahar, wrote ceaselessly for the youth of Pakistan to lead a purposeful life. Lail-o-Nahar made pragmatism with honesty and sincerity its axiom. Lail-o-Nahar published writings that were useful and beneficial for the stability of the motherland and the welfare of the society. This magazine was a full-fledged interpreter of public life and not only gave voice to the ideology of a particular class or circle, but also wrote about issues such as politics, economics, social conditions, academic politics, sectarianism in all areas of life that develop consciousness. The magazine has always advocated the rights of the poor, workers and peasants. It also advocated for the welfare and development of this class, with the aim of bringing people to the realization of right and wrong, and setting people's consciousness on a meaningful and significant path.
Antenatal HIV Screening and Treatment in South Africa: Social Norms and Policy Options
No full textSouth Africa has one of the highest prevalence of HIV and AIDS in the world, with mother-to-child transmission being an important route for spread of the infection. For years, AIDS scientists and activists locally and internationally have been working desperately for the people of South Africa to have access to treatment for HIV and AIDS. Policymakers in South Africa have consistently maintained that HIV infection is not responsible for AIDS, thus creating the biggest obstacle to implementation of appropriate prevention and therapeutic programmes, including antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive persons. Only recently, people within the government and ruling party, defying previous policy, have agreed that antiretroviral drugs should be given to pregnant women with HIV. The social fabric of South African society is markedly different from that of Western countries. In this paper, the author analyses the likely implications of antenatal testing and treatment of pregnant women in South Africa, in light of the socio-economic and cultural status of women in that society. (Afr J Reprod Health 2004; 8[2]: 77-85
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM RELAPSE OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA
No full textMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder primarily involving bone marrow. Extramedullary involvement is less common, with central nervous system (CNS) myelomatosis being a rare entity and such presentation carries extremely dismal prognosis. We present case of a 40 years old male with MM who was initially treated with 6 cycles of Cyclophosphamide, Thalidomide and Dexamethasone resulting in complete response. 2 years later he presented with CNS myelomatosis and scrotal involvement and was initially treated with Bortezomib and dexamethasone, cranial irradiation and intrathecal Methorexate, Cytarabine, Hydrocortisone (TRIO IT), along with radical orchiectomy and testicular radiation during the course of treatment. However, after initial response his disease showed clinical and radiological progression after 4 months of therapy. He was switched to high dose Methotrexate (HD-MTX) with TRIOITand later Lenalidamide and dexamethasone (Len/dex) was added to the above regimen. He continued to show good clinical response but his cytology remained persistently positive, therefore, HD-MTX was discontinued in the later course of treatment. Subsequently he was started on best supportive care only, when his neurological status deteriorated further. He survived almost 9 months after a diagnosis of CNS myelomatosis. Patients with multiple myeloma, presenting with neurological symptoms should always be investigated for the possibility of CNS MM. CNS relapse is a fatal disease with poor prognosis. Recommended treatment must include a systemic anti-MM regimen that crosses the BBB (ideally Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) IMiDs-dexamethasone based therapy), CNS irradiation and intrathecal chemotherapy.Key words: Multiple myeloma, central nervous system myelomatosis, therap
Antenatal HIV Screening and Treatment in South Africa: Social Norms and Policy Options
No full textSouth Africa has one of the highest prevalence of HIV and AIDS in the world, with mother-to-child transmission being an important route for spread of the infection. For years, AIDS scientists and activists locally and internationally have been working desperately for the people of South Africa to have access to treatment for HIV and AIDS. Policymakers in South Africa have consistently maintained that HIV infection is not responsible for AIDS, thus creating the biggest obstacle to implementation of appropriate prevention and therapeutic programmes, including antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive persons. Only recently, people within the government and ruling party, defying previous policy, have agreed that antiretroviral drugs should be given to pregnant women with HIV. The social fabric of South African society is markedly different from that of Western countries. In this paper, the author analyses the likely implications of antenatal testing and treatment of pregnant women in South Africa, in light of the socio-economic and cultural status of women in that society. (Afr J Reprod Health 2004; 8[2]: 77-85 )
KEY WORDS: HIV screening, South Africa, pregnant women
Dépistage et traitement prénatals du VIH en Afrique du Sud: normes sociales et options des politiques.
L\'Afrique du Sud a une des plus hautes prévalences du VIH et SIDA du monde, dont la transmission de la mère à l\'enfant est une voie importante pour la propagation de l\'infection. Depuis des années, les scientifiques et des activistes du SIDA sur le plan local et international, travaillent désespéremment pour que les gens d\'Afrique du Sud aient un accès au traitement pour le VIH et le SIDA. Les décisionnaires en Afrique du Sud ont systématiquement insisté sur le fait que l\'infection du VIH n\'est pas responsable du SIDA, créant ainsi le plus grand obstacle à la réalisation de la prévention appropriée et des programmes thérapeutiques, y compris la thérapie antirétrovirale pour les personnes séropositives. Très récemment, les fonctionnaires et les membres du parti politique au pouvoir, au mépris de l\'ancienne politique, ont accepté que les médicaments antirétroviraux soient donnés aux femmes enceintes séropositives. Le tissu social de la société sud africaine est remarquablement différent de celui des pays occidentaux. Dans cet article, l\'auteur fait une analyse des implications probables du dépistage et traitement prénatals des femmes enceintes en Afrique du Sud, à la lumière de la situation socio-économique et culturelle des femmes dans cette société-là. (Rev Afr Santé Reprod 2004; 8[2]: 77-85
فکر اقبال کے چند زوایے اور معاصر عہد
No full textAllama Iqbal's poetry and his thoughts present a perfect cure for the present-day unfortunate cultural and social environment predominant at both the national and international level. If we want to progress like the forward-looking countries and live according to our Islamic identity and cultural values as a respectable nation, we will have to make Allama Iqbal's message a part of our national character. In the following research paper, the author has tried to emphasize this central theme
Faster magnetic resonance imaging in emergency room patients with right lower quadrant pain and suspected acute appendicitis
No full textPurpose: Emergency Departments (ED) are becoming busier, with a resultant increase in the number of imaging referrals. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of an abbreviated two sequence magnetic resonance (MR) protocol for evaluating ED patients with right lower quadrant pain and suspected acute appendicitis, with a view to expediting patient turnaround times and imaging costs. Material and methods: Fifty patients (49 females, one male; mean age 25.4 ± 5.2 years) who underwent ED MR imaging from July 2014 to March 2015 for right lower quadrant pain were retrospectively reviewed. MR abdomen/pelvis was performed on 1.5 T MR obtaining axial T1 gradient echo in/out of phase, transverse fast spin echo T2 with fat sat/motion correction, axial/coronal T2 HASTE (half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo), and axial DWI (diffusion-weighted imaging) sequences. Images were reviewed by two fellowship-trained radiologists on a five-point confidence scale. Mean acquisition/interpretation times for the standard departmental protocol and the proposed abbreviated MR protocol (comprising T2 HASTE and DWI images) were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for the abbreviated protocol against the full protocol were also calculated. Results: Mean scanning time for abbreviated protocol and standard protocol was calculated to be 21.1 minutes and 40.5 minutes, respectively. Mean interpretation time for abbreviated protocol for reader one and two was 4.1 ± 1.5 minutes and 4.5 ± 1.4 minutes, respectively, and for standard protocol was 8.1 ± 1.8 minutes and 7.1 ± 1.4 minutes, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the FAST protocol were calculated to be 100% each for reader one and 75%, 100%, and 94%, respectively, for reader two. Conclusions: The proposed abbreviated MR protocol has comparable diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing ED patients with right lower quadrant pain, with significant reduction in imaging/interpretation times. It thus has the potential to be implemented in ED imaging with significant reduction in patient turnaround times and costs
Clinical Utility of Dual-Energy CT Analysis of Bone Marrow Edema in Acute Wrist Fractures
No full textSecure big data ecosystem architecture : challenges and solutions
No full textBig data ecosystems are complex data-intensive, digital–physical systems. Data-intensive ecosystems offer a number of benefits; however, they present challenges as well. One major challenge is related to the privacy and security. A number of privacy and security models, techniques and algorithms have been proposed over a period of time. The limitation is that these solutions are primarily focused on an individual or on an isolated organizational context. There is a need to study and provide complete end-to-end solutions that ensure security and privacy throughout the data lifecycle across the ecosystem beyond the boundary of an individual system or organizational context. The results of current study provide a review of the existing privacy and security challenges and solutions using the systematic literature review (SLR) approach. Based on the SLR approach, 79 applicable articles were selected and analyzed. The information from these articles was extracted to compile a catalogue of security and privacy challenges in big data ecosystems and to highlight their interdependencies. The results were categorized from theoretical viewpoint using adaptive enterprise architecture and practical viewpoint using DAMA framework as guiding lens. The findings of this research will help to identify the research gaps and draw novel research directions in the context of privacy and security in big data-intensive ecosystems. © 2021, The Author(s)
