1,720,957 research outputs found
HOW MUCH HYDROGEN DO WE NEED AND WHERE? A SPATIALLY DETAILED ESTIMATION OF THE POTENTIAL HYDROGEN DEMAND IN THE FUTURE AVIATION AND INDUSTRY SECTOR FOR ITALY
Full text linkThe decarbonization of the energy system involves the need for several new technological solutions.Hydrogen emerges as a potential key player, particularly in sectors where electrification is impractical (due to economic reasons or plant design complexity), such as aviation and certain industries.However, a comprehensive understanding of where demand and supply for this energy carrier might intersect is lacking.This lack is determined by the early stage of development of the hydrogen market but it also contributes to shaping its evolution, in a reciprocal cause-and-effect manner.This article introduces a methodology for estimating the potential hydrogen demand and its geographical distribution within specific classes of the transport and industrial sectors.Using the Italian case study, open-access data with varying spatial resolutions are collected: (i) electrical loads, (ii) the fossil fuel consumption and (iii) the estimated thermal and electrical annual energy needs for the industry; (iv) the number of flights departing from each airport for aviation throughout the year and lastly (v) the distribution of workers and active enterprises per category.The developed tailored methodologies aim to estimate the energy needs of both sectors in a fully decarbonized scenario.Industrial demands are differentiated by class and temperature level, allocated across regions through the distribution of workers per census section (subareas of a municipality).A focus on refining subsector is provided, with a first-attempt estimation on green molecules needed to substitute fossil feedstocks.As regards the aviation sector instead, it is characterized by a dedicated regression model associating fuel consumption with the distance travelled by each flight departing from the observed airport.Subsequently, we define a plausible energy mix, estimating the energy vectors needs.Hydrogen and its derivatives demands (i.e., liquid kerosene) are assessed at the same spatial resolution as industry (census section).The main outcomes of the analysis allow to identify potential clusters of demand across the Italian energy system, guiding the selection of areas suitable for the development of hydrogen hubs or distributed local hydrogen grids (e.g., production, transport, storage close to the end-use).In a decarbonized scenario, the results show a potential annual hydrogen demand around 600 TWh within the two sectors (i.e., ~18 MtH2/y), of which almost 73% is destined for decarbonizing refining products (~433 TWh), while the remaining share destined for industrial thermal needs (154 TWh) and 9 TWh for aviation purposes in pure form.This first assessment might serve as a base for further studies, enabling policymakers to identify and tailor measures for specific subsectors and geographical areas and aiding hydrogen-related projects in identifying viable development locations, fostering synergies with local players, and capitalizing on economies of scale. © 2024 37th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems
Evaluating the value of photovoltaics in decarbonization scenarios: evidence from the Lombardy Region
Full text link
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Waste-heat utilization potential in a hydrogen-based energy system - An exploratory focus on Italy
Full text linkThe target of the full decarbonisation by 2050 requires high penetration of renewables, with the development of overgeneration situations in the energy system. Hydrogen and electro-fuels could play a key role in hard-to-abate sectors and in grid balancing. By means of the developed NEMeSI model we study the Italian future energy mix, including several Power-to-X (P2X) options to accommodate high RES introduction. The model is set to solve a linear optimization problem, by optimizing the use of resources through the minimization of the supply costs. The use of excess power from renewables is evaluated in solutions such as hydrogen production and electro-fuels synthesis, coupled to Power-to-Heat and storage systems. The model studies the Italian case in a decarbonised scenario and provides an estimation of potential waste heat recovery from the P2X processes, differentiating from low to high temperature waste heat. Waste heat can be used for district heating purposes or for power generation via organic Rankine cycle. Both high and low temperature heat recovery show a potential in the order of tens of TWh, with a preference for power generation use
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
