1,720,981 research outputs found
Meuleman, W Schwagly (Mr & Mrs), [No Service Number]
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/404847Surname: MEULEMAN. Given Name(s) or Initials: W SCHWAGLY (MR & MRS). Military Service Number or Last Known Location: [No Registration Number]. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 25278.242034
Item: [2016.0049.37128] "Meuleman, W Schwagly (Mr & Mrs), [No Service Number]
Computational Biology in Clinical Proteomics and Chromatin Genomics
No full textThe work in this thesis is concerned with two very distinct biological fields. The first part pertains to the development of techniques to aid in the search for clinical biomarkers for use in the early detection of cancer. The second part aims to elucidate in what way a genome is organised in a cell nucleus and the functional consequences of this organisation. Part I: Clinical Proteomics. Cancer is a leading cause of death world-wide. The success of treatment is directly correlated with the stage of tumour progression. Therefore, it is of great importance to detect the occurrence of cancer as early as possible. Already for a long time, it is believed that the presence of a tumour has consequences for the repertoire of proteins and fragments thereof, i.e. peptides, present in the blood circulation. It has been proposed to use mass spectrometry to analyse the proteomic content of blood samples. Ultimately, such an approach would be used in routine population screening efforts, with the great advantage that the technique is largely non-invasive, as opposed to taking biopsies. After analysing samples using mass spectrometers, computational methods can be used to identify which peptides are predictive for a certain disease status. Such peptides are referred to as biomarkers. In Part I of this thesis, we describe work concerning the development of computational methods for processing mass spectrometry data with the goal of identifying such biomarkers. The first step in a mass spectrometry data analysis project is commonly the normalisation of data. Typically, raw same-sample mass spectra are not very comparable, due to high levels of inter-spectra variation. For this reason, spectra are normalised in an attempt to reduce this variance. We have conducted a comprehensive comparison of various normalisation methods, which are described in this thesis. We demonstrate that the method used by the majority of users performs very poorly, and advise on several methods that improve the performance significantly. After normalisation, spectral peaks representing the presence of peptides can be identified. In this thesis, we propose a method for doing so using multiple intermediate measurements that are normally discarded. We show that this approach outperforms existing methods and allows one to attach significance levels to detected peaks. Part II: Chromatin Genomics. All organisms are made up of cells; each cell containing an exact copy of the genome (i.e. the full collection of DNA). A large subgroup of organisms has their DNA contained in a separate compartment within the cell, called the nucleus. This subgroup of organisms, including animals like ourselves, is collectively referred to as eukaryotes. The diameter of a single human cell nucleus is about 6 micrometre, while the total length of all DNA contained in it is approximately 2 metres. This poses two interesting main questions. The first one is concerned with how this large amount of DNA is stored in such a confined space. Indeed, the three-dimensional organisation of chromosomes within the nucleus is largely unknown. The nucleus has a membrane separating it from the rest of the cell. The inside of this membrane is lined with a network of proteins collectively referred to as the nuclear lamina. In this thesis we present high-resolution maps of the interaction of human and mouse genomes with this nuclear lamina. We find that mammalian chromosomes are organised by way of large Lamina Associated Domains (LADs). In this way, we provide a detailed view of the spatial organisation of interphase chromosomes. The second main question is to do with the consequences of this organisation for the function of a cell. We find that during cell differentiation chromosomes are substantially refolded. In fact, hundreds of genes either migrate away from or towards the nuclear lamina during this process. We show that these genes change their activity upon relocalisation; genes that move towards the nuclear lamina are turned off, while genes that are removed from the lamina become more active. Despite this, we find that most of the spatial chromosome organisation is identical across all cell types we studied. We propose that these static regions collectively form a basal chromosome architecture and find that it is extremely well conserved between mouse and human, even though these species are separated in evolution by more than 75 million years. Using sequence analyses, we demonstrate that the basal chromosome architecture is largely encoded in the underlying genomic sequence. We further provide evidence that this genomic sequence alone is enough to tether specific regions to the nuclear lamina. Taken together, we show that mammalian genomes are organised in the cell nucleus by large regions contacting the nuclear lamina, which are largely static across cell types as well as between species. We further provide a potential mechanistic explanation in which the association of loci with the nuclear lamina is directly encoded in the genomic sequence.MediamaticsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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