1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Einfluss dreier verschiedener Techniken der extrakorporalen Zirkulation auf Parameter der Hämodynamik, Inflammation, Blutgerinnung und Hämolyse bei aortokoronaren Bypass-Operationen : die konventionelle Herz-Lungen-Maschine im Vergleich mit zwei miniaturisierten Bypass-Systemen
No full textThe use of cardiopulmonary bypass circuits (CPB) in cardiac surgery may be associated with several adverse effects, e.g. systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hemolysis, hemodilution, coagulopathy, global hemodynamic dysfunction. These adverse effects occur due to the contact of blood with non-endothelial surfaces and air, intraoperative hypothermia, hemodilution as the result of bypass priming and traumatization of blood cells by the different blood pumps. We hypothesized that by reducing foreign surface area and extracorporeal volume, the use of miniaturized bypass systems and the avoidance of intraoperative hypothermia could reduce the adverse effects. In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, we therefore compared the use of two different simplified bypass systems (SBS) in patients undergoing normothermic on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the use of a conventional CPB (cCPB) circuit in patients undergoing CABG with hypothermic cardioplegic arrest. The goal of the study was to study the influences of the three different bypass circuits on global hemodynamics and parameters of inflammation, coagulation and hemolysis and on clinical outcome parameters. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups: 15 patients were operated with a cCPB circuit in moderate hypothermia. Cardiac arrest was induced by cold crystalloid cardioplegic solution. Two groups of 15 patients each underwent beating heart surgery in normothermia with assistance of two different SBS, both with a reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume, and one with an additional reduction of the foreign surface area. Hemodynamic variables were assessed with transpulmonary thermodilution. Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators and parameters of coagulation and hemolysis were measured perioperatively. Neither the isolated reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume nor the additional reduction of the foreign surface area in SBS had beneficial effects on global hemodynamics. Moreover, the use of SBS could not reduce the systemic inflammatory response. In contrast, only patients in the cCPB-group showed a significant increase of plasma levels of anti-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-10). As a marker of hemolysis, free hemoglobin concentrations were significantly elevated in the cCPB group. Also with regard to coagulation parameters, D-Dimer levels were increased only in the cCPB-group. However, other coagulation parameters, perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements did not differ significantly between the three groups. In conclusion, neither the reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume nor of the foreign surface area by the SBS were able to improve global hemodynamics and to attenuate the perioperative pro-inflammatory response
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Einfluss dreier verschiedener Techniken der extrakorporalen Zirkulation auf Parameter der Hämodynamik, Inflammation, Blutgerinnung und Hämolyse bei aortokoronaren Bypass-Operationen : die konventionelle Herz-Lungen-Maschine im Vergleich mit zwei miniaturisierten Bypass-Systemen
No full textThe use of cardiopulmonary bypass circuits (CPB) in cardiac surgery may be associated with several adverse effects, e.g. systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hemolysis, hemodilution, coagulopathy, global hemodynamic dysfunction. These adverse effects occur due to the contact of blood with non-endothelial surfaces and air, intraoperative hypothermia, hemodilution as the result of bypass priming and traumatization of blood cells by the different blood pumps. We hypothesized that by reducing foreign surface area and extracorporeal volume, the use of miniaturized bypass systems and the avoidance of intraoperative hypothermia could reduce the adverse effects. In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, we therefore compared the use of two different simplified bypass systems (SBS) in patients undergoing normothermic on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the use of a conventional CPB (cCPB) circuit in patients undergoing CABG with hypothermic cardioplegic arrest. The goal of the study was to study the influences of the three different bypass circuits on global hemodynamics and parameters of inflammation, coagulation and hemolysis and on clinical outcome parameters. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups: 15 patients were operated with a cCPB circuit in moderate hypothermia. Cardiac arrest was induced by cold crystalloid cardioplegic solution. Two groups of 15 patients each underwent beating heart surgery in normothermia with assistance of two different SBS, both with a reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume, and one with an additional reduction of the foreign surface area. Hemodynamic variables were assessed with transpulmonary thermodilution. Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators and parameters of coagulation and hemolysis were measured perioperatively. Neither the isolated reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume nor the additional reduction of the foreign surface area in SBS had beneficial effects on global hemodynamics. Moreover, the use of SBS could not reduce the systemic inflammatory response. In contrast, only patients in the cCPB-group showed a significant increase of plasma levels of anti-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-10). As a marker of hemolysis, free hemoglobin concentrations were significantly elevated in the cCPB group. Also with regard to coagulation parameters, D-Dimer levels were increased only in the cCPB-group. However, other coagulation parameters, perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements did not differ significantly between the three groups. In conclusion, neither the reduction of the extracorporeal priming volume nor of the foreign surface area by the SBS were able to improve global hemodynamics and to attenuate the perioperative pro-inflammatory response
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