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Architettura rurale, la memoria del paese. Rural Architect ure. The Memory of the Country. Atti della Conferenza Internazionale ICOMOS Italia, Comitato scientifico Architettura Vernacolare, 21-22 Maggio 2022
No full textIl tema dell'architettura rurale è cruciale e di notevole attualità, considerando anche l’attenzione che è stata posta ultimamente in Italia a partire dai fondi stanziati dal PNRR. Ciò perchè l’architettura rurale è un segno impresso nel nostro paesaggio, è memoria delle nostre radici più profonde, una testimonianza indelebile rappresentata da questo patrimonio complesso di natura tangibile e intangibile da proteggere e da conservare nel tempo anche per le future generazioni. Il lavoro è organizzato in sezioni, ciascuna approfondisce un tema. Nella prima sezione, Architetture rurali e XX secolo , viene considerata la riscoperta dell’architettura rurale e la sua valorizzazione che parte proprio dalla fine dell’Ottocento e l’inizio del Novecento con tanti eventi come mostre e convegni di rilievo, oltre che studi specifici per progetti ispirati all’architettura rurale per la nuova progettazione dell’architettura moderna, gli effetti di certe scelte legislative e l’impatto sul paesaggio.
Nella seconda sezione, Architetture e ambienti rurali , sono presi in considerazione dei casi di studio di insediamenti collinari, architetture rurali della produzione locale come i mulini, masserie irpine, che, a seguito di schedature si focalizzano sui pericoli dei vari siti, come scelte conservative discutibili quali ad esempio, l’introduzione di materiali inappropriati che mettono seriamente a rischio l’identità e la memoria dei luoghi.
Nella terza sezione, Edifici e strutture rurali , si studiano le architetture rurali nelle sue caratteristiche tecniche specifiche localizzati in varie parti d’Italia, così come lo stretto rapporto tra l’esercizio dell’agricoltura col paesaggio agrario. Va considerato anche che l’architettura rurale permette il confronto tra l’uomo e la natura, cosicchè le abitazioni sono le protagoniste insieme agli annessi agricoli, come ad esempio le stalle, «cuore pulsante dell’economia rurale» (R. Pazzagli).
La quarta sezione, Progressi nella ricerca sull’architettura rurale , si caratterizza per gli studi riguardo la storia dell’architettura rurale in Italia e all’estero e delle interconnessioni tra le varie discipline, si parla di archeologia partecipata per comprendere meglio il territorio da riqualificare. Nella quinta sezione riguardante la Conserva zione e il restauro dell’architettura rurale con casi di studio a partire dal nord Italia con il Piemonte, poi spostandosi in Emilia Romagna, Toscana
e fino alla Sicilia. La conoscenza approfondita dei manufatti è una premessa essenziale prima di intervenire, sono stati individuati dei percorsi conoscitivi articolati e dinamici, rivisti e aggiornati secondo i rinvenimenti nel corso dei lavori, all’insegna della sostenibilità ambientale, sociale ed economica.
Questa tematica: abbandono e riuso è trattata nuovamente anche nella sesta sezione, Patrimonio rurale : rischio e vulnerabilità, dedicata alla tutela del paesaggio, al rischio e alla vulnerabilità del patrimonio rurale insieme al rischio ambientale, le problematiche tecniche relative alla conservazione dei manufatti architettonici e l’inserimento di strutture di nuova edificazione, l’applicazione non adeguata della normativa e connessi strumenti di pianificazione impropri, la corretta conservazione di una memoria storica di questo immenso patrimonio immateriale, con casi di studio in Italia e anche all’estero.
Nella settima sezione, Paesaggi rurali e itinerari culturali , il paesaggio diventa il protagonista, riconosciuto ufficialmente con la Convenzione europea del paesaggio del 2000 e a partire da questa ci sono stati altri sviluppi e un accresciuto interesse.
Nell’ottava e ultima sezione si affronta un tema particolarmente significativo: Insegnare e promuovere l’architettura rurale . L’importanza di diffondere la conoscenza dei paesaggi rurali tramite progetti riguardanti i contesti rurali ha acquisito nel corso degli anni un maggiore interesse. Per la salvaguardia delle nostre radici identitarie, si deve considerare che il concetto di architettura rurale e l’armonia del paesaggio in cui è inserita, fa veramente parte della nostra essenza interiore, quasi come un patrimonio genetico personale, e basterebbe ascoltarsi per permetterci di sviluppare un’acuta sensibilità e poter agire con maggiore consapevolezza in tali contesti a tutti i livelli e così, in qualsiasi ruolo siamo coinvolti, potremmo dare il nostro contributo fattivo e adeguato per il benessere di tutti e la tutela delle architetture e più in generale del paesaggio.The theme of rural architecture is crucial and of considerable topicality, considering the attention paid recently in Italy, which started with the funds allocated by the PNRR. This is because rural architecture is a sign impressed on our landscape; it is a memory of our deepest roots, an indelible testimony represented by this complex heritage of tangible and intangible nature to be protected and preserved over time and also for future generations. The work is organized into sections; each one delves into a theme. In the first section, Rural Architecture and the 20th Century, the rediscovery of rural architecture and its valorization is considered, which starts from the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century with many events such as important exhibitions and conferences, as well as specific studies for projects inspired by rural architecture for the new design of modern architecture, the effects of confident legislative choices and the impact on the landscape. In the second section, Rural architecture and environments, case studies of hillside settlements, and rural architecture of local production such as mills Irpinia farms are taken into consideration, which, following cataloguing, focus on the dangers of the various sites, such as questionable conservative choices such as, for example, the introduction of inappropriate materials that seriously put at risk the identity and memory of the places.
In the third section, Rural buildings and structures, rural architecture is studied in terms of its specific technical characteristics located in various parts of Italy and the close relationship between the practice of agriculture and the agricultural landscape. Rural architecture also allows the comparison between man and nature, so the houses are the protagonists and the agricultural annexes, such as the stables, are «the beating heart of the rural economy» (R. Pazzagli).
The fourth section, Progress in Research on Rural Architecture, is characterized by studies on the history of rural architecture in Italy and abroad and the interconnections between the various disciplines; it talks about participatory archaeology to better understand the territory to be redeveloped. The fifth section concerns the conservation and restoration of rural architecture, with case studies starting from northern Italy with Piedmont and moving to Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, and Sicily. In-depth knowledge of the artifacts is an essential premise before intervening, articulated and dynamic cognitive paths have been identified, revised and updated according to the findings during the works, in the name of environmental, social and economic sustainability. This theme, abandonment and reuse, is also addressed again in the sixth section, Rural Heritage: risk and vulnerability, dedicated to the protection of the landscape, the risk and vulnerability of the rural heritage together with the environmental risk, the technical problems related to the conservation of architectural artefacts and the insertion of new buildings, the inadequate application of the legislation and related improper planning tools, the correct preservation of historical memory of this immense intangible heritage, with case studies in Italy and abroad.
The landscape becomes the protagonist in the seventh section, Rural Landscapes and Cultural Itineraries. This was officially recognized with the European Landscape Convention of 2000, and since then, there have been other developments and increased interest.
The eighth and final section addresses a particularly significant theme: Teaching and promoting rural architecture. The importance of spreading knowledge of rural landscapes through projects concerning rural contexts has increased interest over the years. To safeguard our identity roots, we must consider that the concept of rural architecture and the harmony of the landscape in which it is inserted is genuinely part of our inner essence, almost like a personal genetic heritage, and it would be enough to listen to ourselves to allow us to develop an acute sensitivity and be able to act with greater awareness in such contexts at all levels. So, in whatever role we are involved, we could give an effective and adequate contribution to the well-being of all and the protection of architecture and, more generally, of the landscape
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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