1,720,965 research outputs found
The impact of media on children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review
No full textAlthough mobile technologies are a fundamental part of daily life, several studies have shown increased use of electronic devices, TV, and gaming during childhood in conjunction with the COVID-19 pandemic. The virus affected almost every country, causing uncertainty about the future, social isolation, and distress. This narrative review has searched the scientific literature in the field focusing on children. A non-systematic literature review was conducted in May 2022. Various databases were employed to conduct the document research for this paper, such as “Google Scholar”, “PubMed”, “Web of Science”. Keywords for the search included “screen time”, “media”, “digital use”, “social media”, “COVID-19”, “pandemic”, “lockdown”, “children”, “effect of media on children during COVID”. It was found that both children and adolescents seem to have used technologies to confront struggles provoked by COVID-19, such as the onset or exacerbation of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. However, moreover, other studies have suggested that increased media use can have positive effects on children depending on usage and monitoring by the parents
Motivations, Behaviors and Expectancies of Sexting: The Role of Defensive Strategies and Social Media Addiction in a Sample of Adolescents
No full textAdolescents and young adults engage in sexting behaviors. Research has mainly emphasized the relationship between motivations and sexting behaviors, with little attention paid to sexting expectations and the potential role of coping strategies. This study aims to explore the measure of emotional–behavioral functioning with the Youth/Adult Self Report (based on the subject’s age), the use of defensive strategies measured with the Response Evaluation Measure (REM-71), social media addiction with the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and all dimensions of sexting: motivations, behavior and expectations measured with the Sexting Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ), Sexting Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and Sexpectancies Questionnaire (SQ), respectively. N = 209 adolescents and young adults were recruited from high schools and universities in Rome to complete the self-report questionnaires. Results show that males tend to have higher expectations of sexting than females. We also found that expectations play a role in determining sexting behaviors and motivations. Our hypotheses on social media addiction and sexting were confirmed, while the relationship between the defensive strategies and sexting was not significant as expected. Further studies on this topic are desirable in the future
Observational Tools Using Video Recordings of Parent-Child Feeding Interactions: A Narrative Review
No full textCurrent research has confirmed that the quality of the caregiver-child relationship influences the child’s emotional and behavioral development. Play and feeding contexts, for example, are the best contexts to observe mother-child or father-child interaction. The observation of feeding interaction establishes involvement on the part of both parties and identifies relationship characteristics. The purpose of this study is to select and describe the most frequently used observational methods during feeding interactions in the first three years of a child’s life. Instruments that employ video recordings of mealtimes will be detailed to highlight the relevance that specific tools have nowadays. Finally, the SVIA (Scala di Valutazione delle Interazioni Alimentari), a technique for analyzing food interactions by observation that has also been utilized remotely, will be offered. This is intended to provide practitioners and researchers with an overview of tools while also taking into consideration the present scenario in which digital tools are increasingly being employed in health and clinical settings. Furthermore, the purpose of this paper is to review the various observational methods of the parent-child relationship to assist future practitioners and researchers in the field in making an accurate assessment of caregiver-child interaction and selecting a valid tool for the early recognition of problematic relationships and identifying the most appropriate treatment modalities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
AB1678-PARE CENTRAL SENSITIVITY AND FIBROMYALGIA: A DISCRIMINATING CONSTRUCT WITHIN DIFFERENT CHRONIC PAIN CONDITIONS
No full textBackground: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain (CP) syndrome with a prevalence rate ranging between 0.2% and 6.6%, with significant higher rates in women (2.4% - 6.8%) [1]. From 39% to 76% of FM patients suffers from multiple CP comorbidities primarily: tension-type or migraine headache, irritable bowel syndrome, lower back pain, myofascial pain syndrome, and temporomandibular disorders [2]. Central Sensitivity (CS) is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) as an increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system to normal or subthreshold inputs [3]. International literature has connected CS to the psychological burden associated to several CP conditions, including FM and chronic headache (CH) [4], nevertheless a comparison between FM patients and those presenting also other CP comorbidities on CS is a quite neglected area of investigation.
Objectives: To investigate whether CS discriminates between FM and FM with different CP conditions as well as between FM groups and CH and healthy controls (HCs).
Methods: A total of 944 women participated (n=240 CH; n=204 FM; n=376 FM with comorbidities; n=124 HCs) and completed an online self-administered protocol consisting in Central Sensitivity Inventory [5] and socio-anamnestic information. Data collection was between April and December 2023. A general linear model ANCOVA was performed to test differences in CSI scores covariate for age values since age resulted significantly different among groups.
Results: Data analysis showed a good fit of the model (R2 Adjusted=.340; df=4; F=116; p<.001) and a significant difference between groups in CSI scores (p<.001). Post hoc test with Bonferroni test were performed showing that all the clinical groups scored significantly higher than HCs (all p<.001); FM and FM with comorbidities clinical groups scored significantly higher than CH group (both p<.001), FM with comorbidities group scored significantly higher than FM (p=.015), thus FM with different comorbidities reported scored significantly higher to all other groups.
Conclusion: A discriminating role of CS seems conceivable among CP conditions, especially in FM associated to other CPs. It seems relevant to include this dimension in the clinical evaluation performed with CP patients in order to better understand the complex connection between CP and mental health
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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