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Expression of Wnt 4 in transplant kidneys
No full textPostupnim razvojem moderne medicine preživljenje i kvaliteta života oboljelih od bubrežnih bolesti se značajno popravlja. Velik dio presađenih bubrega se gubi zbog kroničnih promjena u parenhimu presatka za koji se pretpostavlja da su s jedne strane posljedica neželjenih učinaka imunosupresivnih lijekova, a s druge strane kasnih kroničnih imunoloških zbivanja. Obitelj Wnt (od eng. wingless-type MMTV integration site family) gena ima ključnu ulogu u embionalnom razvoju bubrega. Pretpostavljena je i njihova uloga tijekom života prilikom ozljede bubrega, te procesa oporavka od ozljede ili procesa fibroze. U dosadašnjim istraživanjima, nije jasna njihova uloga niti izraženost u transplantiranim bubrezima. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio analizirati postoji li povećana izraženost Wnt 4 u presađenim u odnosu na zdrave bubrege, te razlikuje li se u odnosu na uzrok graftektomije. Pratili smo izraženost Wnt 4 u tkivu zdravih (nativnih) bubrega te u tkivu kiruški odstrajenih transplantiranih bubrega u ovisnosti o različitim čimbenicima, za koje smatramo da mogu imati utjecaja na njegovu izraženost. U istraživanje smo uključili 59 bolesnika kojima je zbog završnog stadija zatajenja bubrežne funkcije učinjena transplantacija bubrega s umrle osobe. Kao kontrolna skupina uzeti su uzorci zdravog tkiva bubrega, dobiveni nefrektomijom 24 bolesnika s lokaliziranim tumorom bubrega. Dobiveni rezultati nisu potvrdili našu hipotezu, već suprotno, temeljem naših rezultata možemo zaključiti da se u tkivu presađenih bubrega vrlo rano gubi izraženost Wnt 4 dok je u zdravom tkivu bubrega on prisutan i korelira sa starošću. Temeljem toga bi se mogla pretpostaviti njegova uloga u održavanju strukture i funkcije bubrega. Naše istraživanje je pokazalo kako trajanje hladne ishemije, čak i produženo, ne dovodi do značajnije kraćeg preživljenja presatka. Potvrđena je pojačana izraženost Wnt 4 kod produženog trajanja hladne ishemije, te njegova važnost kao vjerojatnog faktora u regeneraciji bubrežnog tkiva i posljedično tome preživljenja presatka. Prema našim rezultatima, a uvidom u dostupnu literaturu, ovo je prvi dokaz u ljudi o ulozi jače izraženosti Wnt 4 i boljem preživljenju bubrežnog presatka kao faktora regeneracije tkiva nakon perioda ishemije. To otvara čitavo područje istraživanja uvođenja moguće terapije Wnt agonista u liječenju ishemijske ozljede bubrega u transplantiranih bolesnika.With the gradual development of modern medicine the overall survival and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease significantly improved. Kidney transplantation significantly enhanced the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients. However, many transplanted kidneys are lost due to chronic graft changes caused by immunosupression therapy or occurence of late chronic immunologic response. The family of Wnt (wingless- type MMTV integration site family) genes are constituted of 19, till now, described members. Some of this proteins are present in kidney development but also in the process of kidney injury and reparation. Due to this published results it is assumed that the same molecules responsible for the regulation of nephrogenesis also participates in the patophysiology of tubulointerstitial kidney disease. It is still not clear which Wnt gene is responsible for protection and which for damage especially in transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to analyze whether Wnt 4 expression is increased in transplanted kidneys compared to healthy kdiney samples and is it dependable of different causes of graftectomies. In this study we have included 59 kidney transplanted patients from deceased donors and 24 nephrectomized patients due to localised kidney tumours as a control group. The obtained results did not confirmed our hypothesis. On the contrary, the Wnt 4 expression was significantly lower in the kidney transplanted patients group compared to healthy kidney tissue samples which was strongly correlated with age. Although the Wnt 4 expression was correlated with higher age, its most independent and significant correlation was with longer cold ischemia time. This are, at least to our knowledge, the first results which reported higher Wnt 4 expression and better kidney graft survival and its possible role as an factor in kidney graft regeneration especially in prolonged ischemia time and acute tubular necrosis. These results emphasize the importance on future studies of different Wnt receptors agonists as a novel therapy in treating tissue ichemia injuries
Izraženost Wnt 4 u presađenim bubrezima [Expression of Wnt 4 in transplant kidneys]
Get PDFWith the gradual development of modern medicine the overall survival and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease significantly improved. Kidney transplantation significantly enhanced the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients. However, many transplanted kidneys are lost due to chronic graft changes caused by immunosupression therapy or occurence of late chronic immunologic response. The family of Wnt (wingless- type MMTV integration site family) genes are constituted of 19, till now, described members. Some of this proteins are present in kidney development but also in the process of kidney injury and reparation. Due to this published results it is assumed that the same molecules responsible for the regulation of nephrogenesis also participates in the patophysiology of tubulointerstitial kidney disease. It is still not clear which Wnt gene is responsible for protection and which for damage especially in transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to analyze whether Wnt 4 expression is increased in transplanted kidneys compared to healthy kdiney samples and is it dependable of different causes of graftectomies. In this study we have included 59 kidney transplanted patients from deceased donors and 24 nephrectomized patients due to localised kidney tumours as a control group. The obtained results did not confirmed our hypothesis. On the contrary, the Wnt 4 expression was significantly lower in the kidney transplanted patients group compared to healthy kidney tissue samples which was strongly correlated with age. Although the Wnt 4 expression was correlated with higher age, its most independent and significant correlation was with longer cold ischemia time. This are, at least to our knowledge, the first results which reported higher Wnt 4 expression and better kidney graft survival and its possible role as an factor in kidney graft regeneration especially in prolonged ischemia time and acute tubular necrosis. These results emphasize the importance on future studies of different Wnt receptors agonists as a novel therapy in treating tissue ichemia injuries
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Expression of Wnt 4 in transplant kidneys
No full textPostupnim razvojem moderne medicine preživljenje i kvaliteta života oboljelih od bubrežnih bolesti se značajno popravlja. Velik dio presađenih bubrega se gubi zbog kroničnih promjena u parenhimu presatka za koji se pretpostavlja da su s jedne strane posljedica neželjenih učinaka imunosupresivnih lijekova, a s druge strane kasnih kroničnih imunoloških zbivanja. Obitelj Wnt (od eng. wingless-type MMTV integration site family) gena ima ključnu ulogu u embionalnom razvoju bubrega. Pretpostavljena je i njihova uloga tijekom života prilikom ozljede bubrega, te procesa oporavka od ozljede ili procesa fibroze. U dosadašnjim istraživanjima, nije jasna njihova uloga niti izraženost u transplantiranim bubrezima. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio analizirati postoji li povećana izraženost Wnt 4 u presađenim u odnosu na zdrave bubrege, te razlikuje li se u odnosu na uzrok graftektomije. Pratili smo izraženost Wnt 4 u tkivu zdravih (nativnih) bubrega te u tkivu kiruški odstrajenih transplantiranih bubrega u ovisnosti o različitim čimbenicima, za koje smatramo da mogu imati utjecaja na njegovu izraženost. U istraživanje smo uključili 59 bolesnika kojima je zbog završnog stadija zatajenja bubrežne funkcije učinjena transplantacija bubrega s umrle osobe. Kao kontrolna skupina uzeti su uzorci zdravog tkiva bubrega, dobiveni nefrektomijom 24 bolesnika s lokaliziranim tumorom bubrega. Dobiveni rezultati nisu potvrdili našu hipotezu, već suprotno, temeljem naših rezultata možemo zaključiti da se u tkivu presađenih bubrega vrlo rano gubi izraženost Wnt 4 dok je u zdravom tkivu bubrega on prisutan i korelira sa starošću. Temeljem toga bi se mogla pretpostaviti njegova uloga u održavanju strukture i funkcije bubrega. Naše istraživanje je pokazalo kako trajanje hladne ishemije, čak i produženo, ne dovodi do značajnije kraćeg preživljenja presatka. Potvrđena je pojačana izraženost Wnt 4 kod produženog trajanja hladne ishemije, te njegova važnost kao vjerojatnog faktora u regeneraciji bubrežnog tkiva i posljedično tome preživljenja presatka. Prema našim rezultatima, a uvidom u dostupnu literaturu, ovo je prvi dokaz u ljudi o ulozi jače izraženosti Wnt 4 i boljem preživljenju bubrežnog presatka kao faktora regeneracije tkiva nakon perioda ishemije. To otvara čitavo područje istraživanja uvođenja moguće terapije Wnt agonista u liječenju ishemijske ozljede bubrega u transplantiranih bolesnika.With the gradual development of modern medicine the overall survival and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease significantly improved. Kidney transplantation significantly enhanced the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients. However, many transplanted kidneys are lost due to chronic graft changes caused by immunosupression therapy or occurence of late chronic immunologic response. The family of Wnt (wingless- type MMTV integration site family) genes are constituted of 19, till now, described members. Some of this proteins are present in kidney development but also in the process of kidney injury and reparation. Due to this published results it is assumed that the same molecules responsible for the regulation of nephrogenesis also participates in the patophysiology of tubulointerstitial kidney disease. It is still not clear which Wnt gene is responsible for protection and which for damage especially in transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to analyze whether Wnt 4 expression is increased in transplanted kidneys compared to healthy kdiney samples and is it dependable of different causes of graftectomies. In this study we have included 59 kidney transplanted patients from deceased donors and 24 nephrectomized patients due to localised kidney tumours as a control group. The obtained results did not confirmed our hypothesis. On the contrary, the Wnt 4 expression was significantly lower in the kidney transplanted patients group compared to healthy kidney tissue samples which was strongly correlated with age. Although the Wnt 4 expression was correlated with higher age, its most independent and significant correlation was with longer cold ischemia time. This are, at least to our knowledge, the first results which reported higher Wnt 4 expression and better kidney graft survival and its possible role as an factor in kidney graft regeneration especially in prolonged ischemia time and acute tubular necrosis. These results emphasize the importance on future studies of different Wnt receptors agonists as a novel therapy in treating tissue ichemia injuries
Expression of Wnt 4 in transplant kidneys
No full textPostupnim razvojem moderne medicine preživljenje i kvaliteta života oboljelih od bubrežnih bolesti se značajno popravlja. Velik dio presađenih bubrega se gubi zbog kroničnih promjena u parenhimu presatka za koji se pretpostavlja da su s jedne strane posljedica neželjenih učinaka imunosupresivnih lijekova, a s druge strane kasnih kroničnih imunoloških zbivanja. Obitelj Wnt (od eng. wingless-type MMTV integration site family) gena ima ključnu ulogu u embionalnom razvoju bubrega. Pretpostavljena je i njihova uloga tijekom života prilikom ozljede bubrega, te procesa oporavka od ozljede ili procesa fibroze. U dosadašnjim istraživanjima, nije jasna njihova uloga niti izraženost u transplantiranim bubrezima. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio analizirati postoji li povećana izraženost Wnt 4 u presađenim u odnosu na zdrave bubrege, te razlikuje li se u odnosu na uzrok graftektomije. Pratili smo izraženost Wnt 4 u tkivu zdravih (nativnih) bubrega te u tkivu kiruški odstrajenih transplantiranih bubrega u ovisnosti o različitim čimbenicima, za koje smatramo da mogu imati utjecaja na njegovu izraženost. U istraživanje smo uključili 59 bolesnika kojima je zbog završnog stadija zatajenja bubrežne funkcije učinjena transplantacija bubrega s umrle osobe. Kao kontrolna skupina uzeti su uzorci zdravog tkiva bubrega, dobiveni nefrektomijom 24 bolesnika s lokaliziranim tumorom bubrega. Dobiveni rezultati nisu potvrdili našu hipotezu, već suprotno, temeljem naših rezultata možemo zaključiti da se u tkivu presađenih bubrega vrlo rano gubi izraženost Wnt 4 dok je u zdravom tkivu bubrega on prisutan i korelira sa starošću. Temeljem toga bi se mogla pretpostaviti njegova uloga u održavanju strukture i funkcije bubrega. Naše istraživanje je pokazalo kako trajanje hladne ishemije, čak i produženo, ne dovodi do značajnije kraćeg preživljenja presatka. Potvrđena je pojačana izraženost Wnt 4 kod produženog trajanja hladne ishemije, te njegova važnost kao vjerojatnog faktora u regeneraciji bubrežnog tkiva i posljedično tome preživljenja presatka. Prema našim rezultatima, a uvidom u dostupnu literaturu, ovo je prvi dokaz u ljudi o ulozi jače izraženosti Wnt 4 i boljem preživljenju bubrežnog presatka kao faktora regeneracije tkiva nakon perioda ishemije. To otvara čitavo područje istraživanja uvođenja moguće terapije Wnt agonista u liječenju ishemijske ozljede bubrega u transplantiranih bolesnika.With the gradual development of modern medicine the overall survival and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease significantly improved. Kidney transplantation significantly enhanced the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients. However, many transplanted kidneys are lost due to chronic graft changes caused by immunosupression therapy or occurence of late chronic immunologic response. The family of Wnt (wingless- type MMTV integration site family) genes are constituted of 19, till now, described members. Some of this proteins are present in kidney development but also in the process of kidney injury and reparation. Due to this published results it is assumed that the same molecules responsible for the regulation of nephrogenesis also participates in the patophysiology of tubulointerstitial kidney disease. It is still not clear which Wnt gene is responsible for protection and which for damage especially in transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to analyze whether Wnt 4 expression is increased in transplanted kidneys compared to healthy kdiney samples and is it dependable of different causes of graftectomies. In this study we have included 59 kidney transplanted patients from deceased donors and 24 nephrectomized patients due to localised kidney tumours as a control group. The obtained results did not confirmed our hypothesis. On the contrary, the Wnt 4 expression was significantly lower in the kidney transplanted patients group compared to healthy kidney tissue samples which was strongly correlated with age. Although the Wnt 4 expression was correlated with higher age, its most independent and significant correlation was with longer cold ischemia time. This are, at least to our knowledge, the first results which reported higher Wnt 4 expression and better kidney graft survival and its possible role as an factor in kidney graft regeneration especially in prolonged ischemia time and acute tubular necrosis. These results emphasize the importance on future studies of different Wnt receptors agonists as a novel therapy in treating tissue ichemia injuries
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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