1,720,983 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The impact of findings from grey literature on the outcomes of systematic reviews on interventions to prevent obesity among children
Get PDFBackground By 2025 obesity rates are predicted to rise in Australia by 65% despite the myriad substantial efforts of a multiplicity of interventions and strategies from the public health sector, particularly those at the community or small unit level. Childhood obesity often persists into adulthood, and these strongly established links to adult obesity along with all the attendant risks, costs and consequences make childhood a natural starting point for a closer examination of prevention literature. Public health interventions are usually implemented directly by government agencies and so the impact of these interventions tends to be measured in observational, rather than experimental, evidence and may not be captured in traditional academic published sources. There is, therefore, a need to determine whether this non-traditional (grey, commercially unpublished) literature is being actively sought when evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions; and also whether the inclusion of grey literature has an impact on the conclusions (outcomes) of these SRs. Objectives The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate (i) use of grey literature in systematic reviews on the prevention of childhood obesity, as well as (ii) to determine the impact of grey literature on the findings of these systematic reviews. Methods Inclusion criteria Types of studies Systematic reviews of interventions to prevent obesity among children, where there was either a meta-analysis, narrative summary or tabular presentation of results. Types of participants Children aged two to 18 years without (at baseline) a diagnosis of obesity or eating disorders, or co-morbid conditions that pre-dispose to obesity. Types of intervention(s) Systematic reviews of public health interventions aimed at obesity prevention that may be applied at the population, community (including schools) or primary care level that searched one or more grey literature source and/or included one or more grey literature study. These were referred to as ‘grey’ systematic reviews. Types of comparators Systematic reviews of public health interventions aimed at prevention of obesity in children that (1) did not search one or more grey literature sources, and/or (2) did not include one or more grey literature studies. These were referred to as ‘black’ systematic reviews. Types of outcomes Primary: Obesity prevention measured according to body mass index (BMI, weight/height²) as calculated against a suitable growth reference. Outcomes were grouped according to the type of prevention intervention implemented, and by the presence or absence of grey studies included in the systematic review. Secondary: Ratio of black to grey eligible systematic reviews; ratio of black to grey studies included in eligible systematic reviews; type of grey literature included in eligible systematic reviews and sources used in the systematic reviews to obtain literature. Search strategy The search strategy that was used sought to find both published and unpublished (grey) systematic reviews. A four-step search strategy was utilised in this review. An initial limited search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library was undertaken to “scope” the literature, followed by an analysis of the text words contained in the title and abstract, and of the index terms used to describe the resultant articles. A second search using all identified keywords and index terms was then undertaken across all included databases. Thirdly, the reference lists of all identified reviews, reports and articles were searched for additional systematic reviews. Systematic reviews published in English were considered for inclusion in this review, with no date limitation. Assessment of methodological quality Systematic reviews selected for retrieval were assessed by two independent reviewers for methodological validity using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews (Appendix I) Data collection Data were extracted using standardized author-designed topic-specific extraction forms and an assessment of the concordance of pooled (meta-analysed) BMI results between grey and black systematic reviews was to be undertaken. However, the number of grey systematic reviews proved to be extremely limited. The body mass index results were grouped according to type of obesity prevention program and assessed as to whether the direction of the findings differed according to the amount of grey literature incorporated into the review. Data for each of the other pre-specified outcomes were extracted from the studies, tabulated or graphed and the results were discussed narratively. Results A total of 48 systematic reviews (SRs) met the inclusion criteria. Results of the SRs were stratified by the type of intervention investigated to prevent childhood obesity. Seven SRs were inconclusive or unable to draw clear conclusions. Eleven showed that these interventions had no statistically significant impact on BMI, eight showed a small impact on BMI while the remaining 24 SRs reported on interventions that had considerable success at preventing childhood obesity. Health/lifestyle interventions registered the greatest success. The use of grey literature by some SRs did not appear to affect the direction of findings when compared to SRs that only used black literature. Conclusion Obesity prevention interventions with children or adolescent participants are largely unsuccessful and childhood obesity remains at the forefront of public health concerns for this population. The inclusion of grey literature did not appear to affect the direction of findings in SRs that evaluated the impact of public health interventions to prevent childhood obesity. Overall, on the basis of the information collated for this overview of SRs, the impact of GL on the direction of results appears equivocal.Thesis (M.Clin.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Public Health, 2016
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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