1,721,560 research outputs found
Nutrition in cirrhosis: Dos and Don'ts
No full textAssessing the balance between survival and recurrence after transplantation for secondary liver tumours should be based on the type of cancer in question. For neuroendocrine liver metastases, high recurrence rates are clearly related to reduced long-term survival. For colorectal liver metastases, experience to date indicates that pulmonary recurrence alone has a modest impact on survival outcomes. Further studies focusing on this group of patients will be important for the development of this field of transplant oncology. Liver transplantation for secondary liver tumours should be implemented in accordance with stringent transplant criteria and preferably in the context of prospective trials. Expansion of the donor pool by utilising extended criteria donors and partial liver transplantation could be considered for this indication. (C) 2020 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V
Beyond the Vegard's law: solid mixing excess volume and thermodynamic potentials prediction, from end-members
No full textA method has been developed, herein presented, to model binary solid solutions' volume, enthalpy and Gibbs energy using the energy state functions, E(V,S), of the end-members only. The E(V,S)s are expanded around an unknown mixing volume, VMix, and the fundamental equilibrium equation −(∂E/∂V)S=P is used to determine VMix. VMix allows us to model enthalpy, straightforwardly. The same argument holds using Helmholtz energy, F(V,T), in place of E(V,S), and the equilibrium equation becomes −(∂F/∂V)T=P. One can readily determine the Gibbs free energy, too. The method presented remarkably simplifies computing of solid mixings' thermodynamic properties and makes it possible to preserve crystal structure symmetry that would undergo reduction because of the introduction of disordered super-cells
The European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) nutrition guidelines
No full textThis review explores the latest guidelines on nutrition in patients with chronic liver diseases of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and recent studies on physiopathology, clinical outcomes and possible treatments of malnutrition and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis. Chronic liver diseases are frequently associated with malnutrition, changes in skeletal muscle and bone quality and quantity. About 20% of patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and 50% of those with decompensated cirrhosis are sarcopenic. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are associated with a higher complication rate (ascites, bacterial infections and hepatic encephalopathy) and are independent predictors of lower survival in cirrhotic patients. In recent years, concomitant with the decline of post-viral cirrhosis, patients affected by post-metabolic cirrhosis are increasing. These patients are more frequently overweight or obese, but sarcopenia may also coexist. Sarcopenic obesity has been shown to worsen the prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. There is a general consensus about the need of improving the nutritional status and implementing skeletal muscle mass in cirrhotic patients, but this is not always achievable. Osteoporosis is present in about 30% of cirrhotic patients, with a higher prevalence in patients with cholestasis. Treatment with phosphonates, calcium and vitamin D are recommended in association with a periodic follow-up
Il patrimonio nel rendiconto dello Stato: dall'epoca post unitaria agli anni Sessanta
No full textThis article proposes an analysis of the evolution experienced in our country by the State General Assets Account (“Rendiconto patrimoniale dello Stato”) in the period from the unity of Italy (1861) to the year in which was issued the so called Curti Law (1964). This period of time (about a century) is particularly interesting because it is characterized not only by deep changes in the role played by the State in the Italian society (from a guarantee function towards a direct intervention in the economy), but also by the growing importance of the Accounting Theory (Villa, Cerboni, Besta) and the subsequent diffusion, since the second half of the twenties, of the theories of Zappa and his scholars. This study focuses, in particular, on the different contents of the State General Assets Account during these years, highlighting the thought of the main authors of public sector accounting of the period taken into consideration
Somaschini C., Merli M., Premoli A., Rocchi D., Schito P., Tomasini G., “An experimental investigation on flying ballast phenomenon: on board measurements with microphones and optical barriers”, Aerovehicles 1, Bordeaux (France), June 2014
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Un modello per l'interazione in campo dinamico tra pareti con file di aperture e strutture intelaiate
No full textNella presente nota si propone un nuovo modello per lo studio del comportamento dinamico di sistemi strutturali costituiti da pareti forate di controvento e strutture intelaiate. Dapprima viene formulato un approccio al continuo per l'analisi dinamica della singola parete con più file di aperture e soggetta ad un'eccitazione sismica alla base. Qunidi, sulla base di una formulazione gerarchica agli elementi finiti, l'analisi viene estesa a sistemi costituiti da più pareti e telai fornendo una procedura di assemblaggio per la valutazione delle matrici di rigidezza e delle masse dell'intero sistema strutturale. L'approccio proposto è utilizzato innanzitutto per lo studio delle frequenze proprie di pareti forate e i risultati ottenuti sono in ottimo accordo con quelli analitici e sperimentali riportati in letteratura. Infine, viene condotta l'analisi modale basata su di un assegnato spettro di risposta per il complesso parete-telaio costituente un edificio di venti piani in calcestruzzo armato
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