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A back step before proposing smart interventions. Fitting people needs with innovations
Get PDFNowadays, one of the main subjects of city planning is the environmental impact cities’ transformation into
smart cities, characterized by an innovative use of technologies and synergies’ development between the
public and the private sectors. The principal attempt is the increase of the level of well-being and the quality
of life. It could pertain to different parts of the city, like suburbs and inner-city. Therefore it is necessary to
adapt technologies to environmental and architectural heritage, in order to respect the sustainability principle.
In my PhD research I do a backward step trying to define a methodology to understand needs and
expectations of inner-city inhabitants and I apply it to a case study represented by the renewal of Cagliari
inner-city, with the objective to increase the residential satisfaction degree of the inhabitants, proposing
smart interventions. The paper examines the different phases of the conducted study until now
Perceived quality of urban life in historic centers: a study concerning the city of Cagliari
No full textIn the framework of regional and urban planning processes of Sardinia, in the context of the RLP, established by the Decision of the Sardinian Regional Government (DSRG) no. 36/7 of 5 September 2006, the IPHCs are planning tools which implement the Planning implementation code (PIC) of the RLP into the “Areas characterized by historic settlements”. For these areas, the PIC defines a set of prescriptive rules and planning criteria (articles nn. 51-53 of the part of the PIC related to “Cultural and historic spatial framework”, which is defined by articles nn. 47-59). More precisely, article no. 52 identifies the IPHC as a plan which has to be necessarily approved through the cooperation of the Sardinian regional administration and a municipality as a necessary precondition for a municipality to exert its ruling power over the local transformation processes related to the municipal spatial jurisdiction, which implies a considerable pressure on the local administrators in order to implement valuable and effective planning processes concerning the municipal historic centers.
As a consequence, in the planning processes of the IPHCs, heavily influenced by the control of the technical staff of the regional offices, a strong consistency and implied uniformity do show up as: i. a strong attention to historical, typological and morphological characteristics in terms of the territorial analysis of historic urban settlement systems, which are identified by the RLP as “Centers of antique and primary development”; ii. A strong prescriptive ruling framework characterized by a markedly-conservative attitude.
It is therefore not surprising, given this context, that the Regional Landscape Plan of Sardinia (RLP), the first statutory landscape plan with regional dimensions produced in Italy under the new legislation, focused on the coastal zone because of the complexity of development conflicts arising from tourism (on which a large part of the economy of the island relies) and other development, and owing to the fact that thirteen out of the fourteen previous landscape plans covering coastal areas, which contained some restrictions on coastal development, had been quashed between 1998 and 2003.
Following approval of the plan in 2006, restrictions and prohibitions (on development of land and on certain changes in land uses) stemming from the plan are currently in force, in order to protect a part of the island considered economically strategic and environmentally sensitive. Restrictions and prohibitions are set out by the plan by means of a system of rules.
The planning activity of the regional administration of Sardinia has undergone a deep change after the approval of the RLP, which establishes the directions for nearly any future planning activity in Sardinia, and requires that actual sectoral and local plans, as well as plans for protected areas, be changed to comply with its directions.
Within the framework of the provisions of the RLP, this paper analyzes the determinants of the perceived quality of the urban environment of the Cagliari’s inner-city through a survey addressed to the resident families administered through a questionnaire. The survey is interpreted through a discrete choice model whose results put in evidence several important inferences related to residential satisfaction. These inferences could be very helpful for the definition of future public policies for the substantial improvement of the quality of life of historic centers, related to public services and infrastructure endowment, for example public parking, refuse collection and retail shops
Perceived urban quality of the historic centers: a study concerning the city of Cagliari (Italy)
Get PDFThis paper proposes an econometric approach based on Discrete choice models to identify and analyze the residents' needs and expectations concerning the spatial organization of the historic neighborhoods where they live, which provides inferences on residential satisfaction's determinants. In this framework, determinants are grouped into three distinct categories as follows: i. level of satisfaction related to house; ii. neighborhood characteristics; iii. respondents' social and demographic characteristics. The information coming from the implementation of the DCM-based analysis can be used as an important reference point for the definition of planning policies for historic centers' preservation. In order to test and discuss its effectiveness, we use the model to analyze needs and expec-tations of the residents of the historic center of Cagliari, a medium-sized urban context of the Italian insular region of Sardinia
L’altra faccia dell’economia: gli street vendors e l’uso dello spazio urbano nell’area metropolitana di Cagliari
No full textL’attività del commercio ambulante ha svolto un ruolo di primaria importanza nell’evoluzione della
definizione concettuale dell’economia informale: oggi, nell’era della globalizzazione, tale fenomeno
rappresenta una fetta importante dell’economia sia nei paesi in via di sviluppo sia nei paesi sviluppati. Gli
attori principali del settore informale sono gli street vendors, i quali occupano spazi urbani nello svolgere la
loro attività di vendita, caratterizzata per lo più da alimentari e oggettistica varia.
Tale fenomeno è un aspetto “ poco esplorato” dal punto di vista della pianificazione urbana. Questo infatti fa
parte di quella faccia della città globalmente riconosciuta in quanto facente parte della vita di tutti i giorni,
ma mai compresa sino in fondo per la complessità della sua natura. Anche in piccole realtà quale è quella di
Cagliari, è possibile riscontrare la presenza dei venditori ambulanti.
Dopo un breve excursus sullo stato dell’arte, il paper analizza il fenomeno circoscritto all’area metropolitana
di Cagliari, interagendo direttamente con gli attori protagonisti. Infatti parte importante della metodologia
seguita è stata la conduzione di interviste dirette previa realizzazione di un questionario semi-strutturato, a
specifiche categorie: venditori informali locali, venditori informali stranieri, venditori formali.
Dai dati raccolti è emerso un quadro di problematiche che influisce non solo sulla tipologia dei rapporti tra
attori dell’economia informale e dell’economia formale ma anche sull’ occupazione dello spazio urbano
Historic centers and urban quality: a study concerning perceived needs and expectations
Get PDFPlanning and historic centers’ preservation can be considered synergetic concepts (Frank and Petersen, 2002) and activities. Indeed, effectiveness of preservation is founded on analytic and detailed planning which should implement policies aimed at preserving the characteristics of historic urban tissues and at boosting their capability of being attractive for the most important contemporary urban functions, such as housing, retail shops, and financial, insurance and real estate firms (Mueller et al., 2005). Moreover, it could be important to maintain the sense of identity of the people who live there. Hence, it is necessary to implement participatory processes involving resident families, entrepreneurs, employees and shoppers (Comune di Reggio Emilia, 2005, 2011).
One of the main components of sustainable planning approaches to the preservation of historic centers implies the availability of detailed and, as much as possible, complete information on residents’ perceived needs and expectations.
We propose an econometric approach based on Discrete Choice Models (DCM) (Ben-Akiva and Lerman, 1985; Greene, 1993; Greene and Hensher, 2010) to identify and analyze the residents’ needs and expectations concerning the spatial organization of the historic neighborhoods where they live, which provides inferences on residential satisfaction’s determinants (Lu, 1999). In this framework, determinants are grouped into three distinct categories as follows: i. level of satisfaction related to house; ii. neighborhood characteristics; iii. respondents’ social and demographic characteristics. The information coming from the implementation of the DCM-based analysis can be used as an important reference point for the definition of planning policies for historic centers’ preservation (Fantin, 2013).
In order to test and discuss its effectiveness, we use the model to analyze needs and expectations of the residents of the historic center of Cagliari, a medium-sized urban context of the Italian insular region of Sardinia.
The DCM-based analysis is implemented through a questionnaire delivered to the residents of the Cagliari’s historic center’s neighborhoods (Comune di Cagliari, 2011). Through their participation in the experiment, resident families’ representatives should increase their awareness of the most important issues related to the spatial organization of their urban living areas, and provide information on correlations between perceived urban quality and the three types of determinants mentioned above.
Qualitative and quantitative inferences on the correlations between residents’ level of satisfaction related to the neighborhood and its determinants, generated by the DCM-based analysis, imply important arguments and indications on planning policies related to the spatial organization of the historic centers, which will be discussed in the final part of the paper, starting from the results of the DCM-based case study concerning the historic center of Cagliari
Land Take and Urban Renewal: A Study Concerning Sardinian Urban Areas (Italy)
No full textLand take is the “Change of the amount of agriculture, forest and other semi-natural and natural land taken by urban and other artificial land development” (European Environment Agency, 2013).
In 2011, the European Commission (EC) put in evidence that an important milestone for the EU should be to reach the goal of no net land take by 2050, and to take under strict control the impact on land-taking processes of the EU policies in the new Structural Funds programming period (2014-2020) (Communication of the EC to the European Parliament COM(2011) 571 of 20.9.2011).
In this paper we address two intertwined issues in the conceptual context of land take. First, we analyze and compare the characteristics of a fundamental phenomenon related to land take, that is the change from non-artificial to urbanized areas in medium-sized towns. We study the phenomenon in some coastal cities of Sardinia and try to put in evidence a few lessons, both in terms of determinants of urbanization of non-artificial land and of planning policy implications.
Second, we consider one of the most important land take-related issues, that is urban renewal concerning historic centers’ preservation. Indeed, restoration and reuse-based policies of historic centers is one of the most effective ways of preventing land-taking processes, especially in terms of increasing the housing stock.
Under this perspective, we analyze the determinants of the perceived quality of the urban environment of Cagliari’s historic district through a survey addressed to the resident families and administered through a questionnaire. The survey is interpreted through a discrete choice model whose results put in evidence several important inferences related to residential satisfaction. These inferences could be very helpful for the definition of future public policies for a substantial improvement in the quality of life of historic centres, related to public services and infrastructure endowment, for example public parking, refuse collection and retail shops
Methodology for the definition of a sytem of actions based on the use of discrete choice models, for the renewal of historic centres through the consideration of the needs of local communities. A case study concerning the city of Cagliari.
No full textNowadays, conservation of old town centres is one of the main goals of several planning processes. For this reason, planning and historic centres' preservation can be considered synergetic concept (Frank &Petersen, 2002) and activities. Old city centres lost the role of residence and centres of services, so it important to trigger a process of reuse of historic centres through promotion of influence that residents have on social, economic and cultural vitality of the human fabric. Indeed, the role of residents in the requalification of historic centres is not sufficiently considered and it is understimated. Residents have an important role given that they can assure a high quality of life in historic centres, as they are the most important owners of the inner city, both because they have an interest in a high quality of life in the area where they live, and an economic interest related to the requalification given that the value of a building in a redeveloped area is higher than in a degradate zone
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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