1,721,035 research outputs found
A mixed methods evaluation of outcomes and experiences of older adults identified as being at risk of frailty and attending a frailty-prevention group
No full textBackground: Frailty is a syndrome associated with poor health outcomes and, with an ageing population, it has become a focus for research and intervention. Pre-frailty, as a distinct stage of emerging age-related changes, is less well considered in the literature. Interventions to prevent progression from pre-frailty to frailty are being introduced, but lack supporting evidence on the needs and outcomes of this group. There is a need for improved understanding of patient outcomes, including experiential accounts of the application of such outcomes to daily lives.Methods: The research used a mixed methods realistic evaluation of the experience and outcomes of people identified as being at risk of developing frailty and engaged in a frailty-prevention course. Pre/post-test data, relating to physical and functional health outcomes generated at three time points, were analysed for 212 participants. A mixed methods exploration, using framework analysis, of experiences and perceptions of participants occurred based on nineteen semi-structured interviews with eight participants. This considered the way physical health, functional status, well-being and activity participation are understood and interact.Results and Findings: Classification of frailty highlighted that 64.7% of the sample were living with frailty and a further 29.4% with pre-frailty. At baseline there were weak, but significant associations, between increased lower frailty classification and more favourable functional outcomes for all measures, except for the Falls Efficacy Scale. Functional and frailty measures showed improvement after the twelve-week intervention, which was maintained for functional measures only at six-month follow-up. The mixed methods analysis developed knowledge from these outcomes, highlighting that the experience of participants did not closely align with measured outcomes. Participants rejected the term frailty, yet engaged with the need to mitigate for, and adapt to, age-related deterioration that threatened independence and well-being. This was achieved through occupational adaptation to preserve function and well-being.Conclusion: Considering frailty in terms of physical and functional status, mental well-being and occupational performance aligns with the experiences of those living with pre-frailty and frailty. The frailty-prevention intervention was highly acceptable to participants as it adopted a function and assets-based approach to health, which aligned with their conceptualisation of health and self-management. Additionally, improvement, or at least maintenance, of function, was of greatest importance to participants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A framework for exploiting emergent behaviour to capture 'best practice' within a programming domain
Full text linkEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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