1,720,996 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Évolution de la virulence chez un nématode phytoparasite : optimisation et analyse de sensibilité des stratégies de déploiement temporel de plantes résistantes
No full textM1 internship repor
Conception et évaluation d’une méthode d’estimation d’une probabilité d’infection d’un troupeau à partir de données hétérogènes : contribution au développement d’une surveillance épidémiologique basée sur la comparabilité des résultats
No full textOn a territorial scale, programmes to control non-regulated infectious diseases of cattle have multiple benefits. They also create difficulties in exchanges between territories because the definitions of ’infectionfree’status differ between programmes. Estimating a probability (of absence) of infection for each herd calculated independently of the surveillance modalities would make it possible to secure trade in animals between territories. This type of estimate could be used for output-based surveillance, a type of surveillance based on a result to be achieved and not on the means implemented. The objectives of this thesis work were to contribute to the development and evaluation of a method for estimating infection probabilities at the herd level, based on heterogeneous surveillance data. Using the example of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection, relevant and available information was identified and organised. The model developed is a hidden Markov model estimating a probability of infection at the herd level from repeated test results and risk factors for infection. Its performance was evaluated on simulated data representing a variety of infection dynamics and control programmes. The evaluation showed that the added value of the model was greater the lower the sensitivity of the diagnostic test. The added value of the risk factors was moderate in the range of situations evaluated. The use of this model requires further development for the classification of herds as free/infected based on predicted infection probabilities.A l’échelle de territoires, les programmes collectifs de maîtrise des maladies infectieuses non règlementées des bovins présentent de multiples bénéfices. Ils créent aussi des difficultés dans les échanges entreterritoires car leurs définitions du statut « indemne d’infection » diffèrent. Estimer une probabilité (d’absence) d’infection pour chaque troupeau, calculée indépendamment des modalités de surveillance, permettrait de sécuriser le commerce d’animaux entre territoires. Ce type d’estimation pourrait servir à une surveillance dite output-based, basée sur un résultat à atteindre et non sur les moyens mis en oeuvre. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de contribuer à l’élaboration puis d’évaluer une méthode d’estimation de probabilité d’infection à l’échelle du troupeau, à partir de données de surveillance hétérogènes. En prenant l’exemple de l’infection par le virus de la diarrhée virale bovine, les informations pertinentes et disponibles ont été identifiées et organisées. Le modèle développé est un modèle de Markov caché estimant une probabilité d’infection à l’échelle du troupeau à partir de résultats de test et de facteurs de risque d’infection. Ses performances ont été évaluées sur des données simulées, représentant une diversité de dynamiques d’infection et deprogrammes de maîtrise. Il ressort de l’évaluation que la valeur ajoutée du modèle est d’autant plus importante que la sensibilité du test de diagnostic est faible. La valeur ajoutée des facteurs de risque semble limitée. L’utilisation de ce modèle requiert des développements supplémentaires pour la classification des troupeaux en indemne / infecté à partir des probabilités d’infection prédites
Design and evaluation of a method for the estimation of a herd-level probability of infection from heterogeneous data : contribution to the development of output-based surveillance
No full textA l'échelle de territoires, les programmes collectifs de maîtrise des maladies infectieuses non règlementées des bovins présentent de multiples bénéfices. Ils créent aussi des difficultés dans les échanges entre territoires car leurs définitions du statut « indemne d'infection » diffèrent. Estimer une probabilité (d'absence) d'infection pour chaque troupeau, calculée indépendamment des modalités de surveillance, permettrait de sécuriser le commerce d'animaux entre territoires. Ce type d'estimation pourrait servir à une surveillance dite output-based, basée sur un résultat à atteindre et non sur les moyens mis en œuvre. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de contribuer à l'élaboration puis d'évaluer une méthode d'estimation de probabilité d'infection à l'échelle du troupeau, à partir de données de surveillance hétérogènes. En prenant l'exemple de l'infection par le virus de la diarrhée virale bovine, les informations pertinentes et disponibles ont été identifiées et organisées. Le modèle développé est un modèle de Markov caché estimant une probabilité d'infection à l'échelle du troupeau à partir de résultats de test et de facteurs de risque d'infection. Ses performances ont été évaluées sur des données simulées, représentant une diversité de dynamiques d'infection et de programmes de maîtrise. Il ressort de l'évaluation que la valeur ajoutée du modèle est d'autant plus importante que la sensibilité du test de diagnostic est faible. La valeur ajoutée des facteurs de risque semble limitée. L'utilisation de ce modèle requiert des développements supplémentaires pour la classification des troupeaux en indemne/ infecté à partir des probabilités d'infection prédites.On a territorial scale, programmes to contrai non-regulated infectious diseases of cattle have multiple benefits. They also create difficulties in exchanges between territories because the definitions of 'infection-free' status differ between programmes. Estimating a probability (of absence) of infection for each herd calculated independently of the surveillance modalities would make it possible to secure trade in animais between territories. This type of estimate could be used for output-based surveillance, a type of surveillance based on a result to be achieved and not on the means implemented. The objectives of this thesis work were to contribute to the development and evaluation of a method for estimating infection probabilities at the herd level, based on heterogeneous surveillance data. Using the example of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection, relevant and available information was identified and organised. The model developed is a hidden Markov model estimating a probability of infection at the herd level from repeated test results and risk factors for infection. lts performance was evaluated on simulated data representing a variety of infection dynamics and contrai programmes. The evaluation showed that the added value of the model was greater the lower the sensitivity of the diagnostic test. The added value of the risk factors was moderate in the range of situations evaluated. The use of this model requires further development for the classification of herds as free/infected based on predicted infection probabilities
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