1,720,971 research outputs found
Quality of life and anorectal function after transanal surgery for rectal cancer. A literature review
No full textL’obiettivo della presente revisione della letteratura è quello di analizzare i risultati in termini di qualità di vita e funzione anorettale dopo Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) e Trans-Anal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS) nel trattamento dei tumori del retto. Gli autori hanno condotto una revisione della letteratura attraverso il database PubMed usando le seguenti parole chiave: “quality of life”, “rectal cancer”, “transanal surgery”, “TEM” e “TAMIS”. RISULTATI: Sei e cinque studi, rispettivamente, sono stati inclusi riguardanti la TEM a la TAMIS per un totale di 619 pazienti con un follow up fino a 5 anni. La qualità di vita e la funzione anorettale sono state valutate mediante questionari e manometria anorettale in quattro studi su undici. Nella valutazione postoperatoria della funzione anorettale e della qualità di vita i pazienti hanno riportato modificazioni temporanee (da 3 settimane fino a 36 mesi) ma non effetti a lungo termine. Non ci sono state differenze nei risultati funzionali postoperatori tra la chirurgia con piattaforma rigida (TEM) o morbida (TAMIS). Alcuni studi riportano qualche alterazione alla manometria postoperatoria che comunque non viene confermata dai questionari. DISCUSSIONE: Durante la TEM e la TAMIS, il rischio di danno dei nervi pelvici autonomi, che può compromettere le funzioni urinarie e sessuali, e il rischio di danni allo sfintere con la necessità di confezionare una stomia, sono molto bassi. CONCLUSIONE: La qualità di vita e la funzione anorettale dopo TEM e TAMIS per il trattamento dei tumori del retto sono buoni, senza sequele postoperatorie ad un follow up a medio termine.AIM: The aim of the study is analyze the results after Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) and Trans-Anal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS) for rectal cancer in terms of Quality of Life (QoL) and anorectal function. MATERIAL OF STUDY: The authors have conducted a review of the literature through the PubMed database using the following keywords: "quality of life", "rectal cancer", "transanal surgery", "TEM" and "TAMIS". RESULTS: Six and five studies were included on TEM and TAMIS, respectively, for a total of 619 patients with a follow up of up to five years. QoL and anorectal function were evaluated by questionnaires and anorectal manometry in four out of eleven studies. At postoperative evaluation, patients reported temporary changes (from 3 weeks to 36 months) but no long-term effects on anorectal function and QoL. There were no differences in the postoperative functional outcome between surgery with rigid (TEM) or soft (TAMIS) devices. Some of the studies reported postoperative changes at manometry that were not clinically confirmed by the questionnaires. DISCUSSION: During TEM and TAMIS the risk of pelvic autonomic nerves damage, that may compromise urinary and sexual function and the risk of permanent sphincter damage with the need to perform a stoma, are very low. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life and anorectal function after TEM or TAMIS for the treatment of rectal tumors are good with no postoperative sequelae at mid-term follow up. KEY WORDS: Quality of Life (QoL), Rectal cancer, Transanal surgery, Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM), Trans-Anal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS)
Endo-SPONGE pulley system for the treatment of chronic anastomotic leakage after rectal resection. A case report
No full textAIM: Anastomotic leakage (AL) after anterior rectal resection unresponsive to diverting ileostomy is difficult to manage. Endoscopic vacuum-assisted (E-VAC) wound closure system is a new approach based on co-axial sponge positioning under endoscopic control. If the abscess is not co-axial, however, endoscopic positioning is not feasible. Aim is to report an original method of sponge positioning.CASE EXPEFUENCE: A 62-year-old woman with chronic AL after anterior rectal resection for cancer was referred. AL had been treated with diverting ileostomy without healing. Due to the peri-rectal abscess anatomy, standard E-VAC positioning was not possible. A combined endoscopic-interventional radiology procedure for Endo-SPONGE (R) (B. Braun Aesculap AG, Germany) positioning was thus employed. Under general anesthesia, a guidewire was passed after small counter-incision on the left gluteus and through the left levator muscle, reaching the anastomotic dehiscence and rectal lumen through the chronic abscess. The guidewire was retrieved through the anus and connected to a long silk thread. By retracting the trans-gluteal guidewire, the silk thread was pulled through the abscess to exit from the gluteal skin incision. A tailored Endo-SPONGE (R) was then connected to the trans-anal silk thread. By pulling on the gluteal silk thread, the sponge was positioned inside the abscess. The silk thread remained in place under a medication for sponge replacements.DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Twelve Endo-SPONGE replacements under sedation were required until AL completely resolved after 35 days.CONCLUSION: When traditional endoscopic sponge insertion into AL is not possible, this original "pulley system" proved effective for sponge introduction and replacement
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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