1,721,215 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
美國公共圖書館成人識字教育政策過程研究
No full text[[abstract]]本研究探討1960年代迄今美國公共圖書館成人識字教育政策的發展過程，劃分為五個
政策階段進行分析：(1) 政策問題認定與政策議程設定；(2) 政策規劃；(3) 政策合
法化；(4) 政策執行；(5) 政策評估。
政策問題認定探討美國功能性文盲問題的形成背景、問題的影響及公共圖書館的角色
與任務；政策議程設定敘述1979、1991年兩屆白宮圖書館暨資訊服務會議，關於識字
教育的重要議題。
政策規劃探討聯邦教育行政主管部門、圖書館暨資訊科學委員會(NCLIS) 、美國圖書
館學會(ALA) 及民間研究機構參與規劃情形，並以加州為例說明州政府的政策規劃。
政策合法化探討1960年代、1970年代及1980年迄今三個時期，「圖書館服務暨建設法
」(LXCA)的歷次立法與修訂，並特別說明關於識字教育的重要條文內容。
政策執行部分採用Paul Berman 「總體與個體執行模式」說明聯邦階層與地方階層的
政策執行。聯邦階層主要以LSCA撥款推行政策，1986會計年度之後LSCA識字教育計畫
補助經費大幅增加；地方階層的執行以州政府的積極推動為關鍵，館藏充實與利用、
實施教學、提供支援服務是圖書館的主要活動類型。
政策評估探討聯邦階層的政策評估相關報告與識字教育方案評鑑，發現聯邦對圖書館
識字教育政策評估似不重視，有待日後加強。
研究結論分為兩部分：
（一）總體政策過程──
1.政策階段在時間上無法截然劃分，但能對政策發展過程中的重要事實提供有系統的
說明；
2.圖書館界對識字教育的努力是促使政策規模擴大的主要力量；
3.聯邦階層與地方階層的政策作為由消極轉趨積極；
4.LSCA識字計畫補助經費大幅提高是政策規模擴大的關鍵因素；
5.政策允許執行機構擁有適度裁量權；
6.政策本體似不明確，有待釐清與充實。
（二）各政策階段──
1.議程設定以圖書館界建言為基礎，未來有待加強政策定位與確定政策目標；
2.政策規劃慢慢結合政府與民間的共同努力，未來宜朝向與全國成人識字教育政策整
合；
3.政策合法化以LSCA修訂暨重新授權為主線發展，未來宜加強聯邦與州的相關立法。
4.政策執行方面聯邦與州政府已逐漸積極落實，未來聯邦階層似應擔負更大的領導責
任；
5.政策評估仍不夠獨立及完整，有待重視與強化。
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
TinO2n-1 Series Compounds-Properties, Preparation Methods and Applications
No full textTinO2n-1 is a series of substoichiometric oxides of titanium with many excellent properties such as high electronic conductivity, strong visible light absorption, outstanding electrochemistry stability and environmental compatibility. Ti4O7 exhibits a single crystal conductivity of 1500 S.cm(-1), comparable to that of graphite. These materials have been studied for many years and their properties of structure, magnetics and electrics have been widely investigated. A lot of preparation methods have been developed for the purpose of property research and application development. The most commonly used preparation method is reduction of TiO2, or its precursor at a high temperature, and some interesting morphologies have been obtained, like nanosphere, nanorod and nanowire. In recent years, their wonderful properties arouse people's interest for their applications in noble electrodes, catalyst carriers, lithium batteries, thermoelectric and photoelectric materials, photocatalysis materials and so on. For example, Ti4O7, has been commoditized and utilized in many fields. However, a lot of work is remained to do for the full use of these titanic oxides, such as exploration of new feature and strategies to improve the specific surface area of these materials. According to the work of the predecessors, this paper introduces the structure features, physicochemical properties of TinO2n-1, and makes a summary of some typical preparation methods and applications, with the purpose of providing some reference for the research and development of TinO2n-1 series compounds
H 0 Reconstruction with Type Ia Supernovae, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation and Gravitational Lensing Time Delay
No full textThere is a persistent H 0-tension, now at more than gsim4σ level, between the local distance ladder value and the Planck cosmic microwave background measurement, in the context of flat Lambda-cold-dark-matter (ΛCDM) model. We reconstruct H(z) in a cosmological-model-independent way using three low-redshift distance probes including the latest data from baryon acoustic oscillation, supernova Ia (SN Ia) and gravitational lensing time-delay (GLTD) observations. We adopt general parametric models of H(z) and assume a Gaussian sound horizon at drag epoch, , from Planck measurement. The reconstructed Hubble constant H 0,rec using Pantheon SN Ia and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data are consistent with the Planck flat ΛCDM value. When including the GLTD data, H 0,rec increases mildly, yet remains discrepant with the local measurement at ~2.2σ level. With our reconstructions being blind to the dark sectors at low redshift, we reaffirm the earlier claims that the Hubble tension is not likely to be solved by modifying the energy budget of the low-redshift universe. We further forecast the constraining ability of future realistic mock BAO data from Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and GLTD data from Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, combining which, we anticipate that the uncertainty of H 0,rec would be improved by ~27%, reaching uncertainty level
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
