213,183 research outputs found
Holdemar Menezes: marcas de um tempo
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Literatura Brasileira e Teoria LiteráriaEsta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo central as marcas deixadas por Holdemar Menezes nos seus escritos, mais especificamente, no romance A maçã triangular. O estudo apresenta-se dividido em três sequências: uma escritura da vida do autor segundo as marcas encontradas em seus contos, romances, crônicas e entrevistas; a segunda sequência os aspectos ideológicos e de estruturação do romance. A maçã triangular; a última são marcas deixadas por críticos, amigos e jornalistas em relação à obra em paut
Syneches amazonicus , Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016
No full text- Antenna entirely yellow (Fig. 44C); fore tibia yellow (Fig. 44D); hypandrium slightly narrowed distally, largely cleft apically forming 2 large lobes (Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016, fig. 88)....................... S. tenebricus Menezes & Ale-Rocha Syneches amazonicus Menezes & Ale-RochaPublished as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Syneches angulatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha
No full textSyneches angulatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha (Figs 6A–E, 52) Syneches angulatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 406–408, figs 10–16, 104, 118. Type locality: Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Small size (2.2 mm). Antenna dark brown (Fig. 6A). Scutum distinctly pyramidal-shaped, broader than mesopleuron in lateral view (Figs 6A, B), covered with reddish brown pruinescence, paler on prescutellar disc. Wing hyaline; pterostigma divided into two small quadrangular spots, one posterior to apex of vein R 1, and one filling apex of cell r 1; R 2+3 strongly angulate apically; second section of M 1 about 1/4 length of crossvein r-m; cells bm and cua subequally long, both longer than cell br (Fig. 6E). Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “BRA [BRAZIL], Amazonas, Manaus, Res [Reserva Florestal Adolpho] Ducke, Igarapé Barro Branco, Armadilha Malaise 3” “ 11–22.iv.2004, Henriques, A. Leg ” “Holótipo, Syneches angulatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha ” [red label]. Holotype condition: good; not dissected. Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, Res. Ducke, Igarapé Tinga, Armadilha Malaise 2, 13–23.ix.2004, A. Henriques leg. (1 ♀, INPA). Pará: Belém (Area P-1), 20.vi.1964, Shope & de Freitas (1 ♂, CNC). Maranhão: Caxias, Reserva Ecológica Inhamum, 26–30.i.2006, Arm. Malaise, G. A. Cunha (1 ♀, INPA); idem, 29.v–01.vi.2006 (1 ♀, INPA). Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas, Pará* and Maranhão *) (Fig. 52). Syneches angulatus was previously registered only from the Amazon biome and is now known to occur also in the Cerrado biome. Remarks. Syneches angulatus differs from all other Brazilian species with the scutum broader than the mesopleuron by having R 2+3 strongly angulate apically and the second section of vein M 1 noticeably short, about 1/4 length of crossvein r-m. This species apparently forms a monophyletic group with S. annulipes Bezzi, S. bilobatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, S. maculosum Menezes & Ale-Rocha, S. pyramidatus Bezzi and S. vidali Ale-Rocha & Vieira, sharing a small size (2–3 mm), scutum broader than mesopleuron in lateral view and usually pyramidal-shaped, femora brown to black, but fore and mid femora with yellow apex, and male terminalia remarkable similar, with simple short phallus and hypandrium lacking projections or deep concavities.Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Sistema agroflorestal como alternativa sustentável na microrregião de Ariquemes, Rondônia.
No full textSthéfanie Freitas Maia Menezes, pós-graduanda da UNIR
Syneches bilobatus , Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016
No full textSyneches bilobatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha (Figs 12A–E, 50) Syneches bilobatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 411–413, figs 26–32, 106, 118. Type locality: Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Small size (1.8 mm) (Fig. 12A). Antenna dark brown (Fig. 12C). Scutum pyramidal-shaped, broader than mesopleuron in lateral view, covered with reddish brown pruinescence (Fig. 12B). Fore and mid tibiae brown to dark brown with yellow base and apex; hind tarsomere 1 brown with base and apex yellow. Wing hyaline; pterostigma inconspicuous; R 2+3 slightly angulate apically; cells br, bm and cua subequally long; second section of M 1 slightly shorter than crossvein r-m (Fig. 12E). Apical margin of hypandrium slightly convex and epandrial lamellae with short apical projection. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazona s, Manaus, R[eserva Florestal Adolpho] Ducke, 16–17.iii.1993, Varredura-orla da mata, João Vidal ” “ Holótipo, Syneches bilobatus, Menezes & Ale-Rocha ” [red label]. Holotype condition: left hind leg and right mid tarsus broken off; not dissected. Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas) (Fig. 50). Syneches bilobatus is known to occurr only from the Amazon biome. Remarks. Syneches bilobatus is similar to S. pyramidatus given the wing hyaline, pterostigma inconspicuous, scutum pyramidal-shaped, broader than mesopleuron and covered with reddish brown pruinescence. However, the species differs from S. pyramidatus by the brown to dark brown fore and mid tibiae with yellow base and apex (yellow in S. pyramidatus), hind tarsomere 1 brown with base and apex yellow (yellow in S. pyramidatus) and second section of M 1 slightly shorter than crossvein r-m (second section of M 1 longer than r-m in S. pyramidatus). The original description states that there is yellowish-gray pruinescence forming dorsocentral and supra-alar stripes (Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016), but we could not distinguish the yellowish-gray stripe in the holotype and paratypes, and now consider that the whole scutum is covered with a reddish brown pruinescence.Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Syneches tenebricus Menezes & Ale-Rocha
No full textSyneches tenebricus Menezes & Ale-Rocha (Figs 44A–E, 54) Syneches tenebricus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 431–432, figs 87–91, 114, 123. Type locality: Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Medium size (3.5 mm) (Fig. 44A). Antenna yellow (Fig. 44C). Scutum rounded, as broad as mesopleuron in lateral view, dark brown, covered with reddish brown pruinescence (Fig. 44B). Foreleg from coxa to basal 2/3 of femur brown and apex of hind femur with a small brown spot, otherwise yellow (Figs 44A, D). Wing brown; pterostigma oval, dark brown, extended from apex of R 1, ending near to the apex of cell r 1; second section of M 1 slightly longer than crossvein r-m; cell bm longer than cells br and cua (Fig. 44E). Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas, Manaus, F [Fazenda] Esteio, BR-174, KM 41” “ 17–20.xii.1993, F.F. Xavier ” “Holótipo, Syneches tenebricus Menezes & Ale-Rocha ”. Holotype condition: left wing damaged, hind left leg broken off; not dissected. Additional examined material. Same data as holotype (1 ♂, INPA). Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Roraima) (Fig. 54). The species is recorded only from two very contrasting landscapes in the Amazon biome, namely from Manaus (central Amazon, State of Amazonas) and Pacaraima (northern Amazon, state of Roraima). However, it is interesting to note that both localities are composed of essentially different vegetation types; while the landscape nearby Manaus is predominantly of close canopy rainforest, Pacaraima shows a predominantly open savanna-like landscape. Remarks. Syneches tenebricus is similar to S. fuscus sp. nov., differing from it due to the antenna and femora being predominantly yellow (except fore femur mostly brown), while in S. fuscus sp. nov. the antenna is dark brown and the fore and mid femora have more extensive brown markings (see also “Remarks” under S. fuscus sp. nov.).Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Syneches maculosum , Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016
No full textSyneches maculosum Menezes & Ale-Rocha (Figs 29A–E, 54) Syneches maculosum Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 421–422, figs 59–65, 110, 120. Type locality: Parque Nacional do Jaú, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Small size (2.5 mm) (Fig. 29A). Antenna dark brown, covered with gray pruinescence (Fig. 29C). Scutum pyramidal-shaped, broader than mesopleuron in lateral view, covered with reddish brown pruinescence, but dc stripe lighter and prescutellar disc and central portion of scutellum with gray pruinescence (Figs 29A, B). Wing sub-hyaline, pale brown; pterostigma split into two spots, one posterior to apex of R 1, other at apex of cell r 1; second section of M 1 shorter than crossvein r-m; cell bm slightly longer than cells br and cua (Fig. 29E). Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas, Pq [Parque] N [Nacional] [do] Jaú, Ig [Igarapé] Miratucu, Ig [Igarapé] do Gerlei, 01°57′00″S 61°49′00″W, 23–28.vii.1995 ” “Arm[adilha] Suspensa, 15 mts, J.A. Rafael & J. F. Vidal ” “Holótipo, Syneches maculosum, Menezes & Ale-Rocha ” [red label]. Holotype condition: left postpedicel and antennal stylus lost, left wing mounted between cover slides; not dissected. Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Barcelos, Rio Aracá, Comun. Bacuquara, 00°09′17.5″N 63°10′35.2″W, Arm. Luminosa baixa, 18–21:00h, 12.vi.2010, P. Dias, J.A. Rafael & R. Machado (1 ♂, INPA). PERU. Cusco: Quincemil, Río Araza, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″W, 1000 m, 22–26.viii.2012, sweep, J.A. Rafael & R. R. Cavichioli (1 ♀, INPA). Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas) (Fig. 54); Peru (Huánuco, Loreto). Syneches maculosum is known to occur only in the Amazon biome. Variation. Some specimens from Amazonas have the wing hyaline, lacking pale brown infuscation, and hind tarsomere 4 brown, darker than in holotype, which has this tarsomere yellow. Remarks. This species is similar to S. vidali by the scutum broader than mesopleuron, pyramidal-shaped and the pterostigma divided into two spots. However, S. maculosum has the scutum with dc stripe with pale pruinescence, without circles of gray pruinescence, pterostigma not exceeding the apex of cell r 1, second section of M 1 shorter than crossvein r-m, and distal margin of hypandrium slightly concave with 1 pair of apical bristles, inserted distantly from each other (ref. Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016, fig. 60), while in S. vidali the scutum has the dc stripe of gray pruinescence, one circle of gray pruinescence on npl and other just above npl, pterostigma exceeds the apex of cell r 1, the second section of M 1 is longer than crossvein r-m and the distal margin of the hypandrium is slightly concave bearing 1 pair of bristles, but they are inserted close to each other (ref. Ale-Rocha & Vieira 2008, fig. 30).Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Syneches exilis , Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016
No full textSyneches exilis Menezes & Ale-Rocha (Figs 18A–E, 50) Syneches exilis Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 417–419, figs 47–53, 109, 119. Type locality: Cerro de La Neblina, Amazonas, Venezuela. Diagnosis. Medium size (4.0 mm) (Fig. 18A). Antenna and palpus brown (Fig. 18C). Scutum rounded, slightly narrower than mesopleuron in lateral view (Fig. 18B); scutellum with 1 subapical and 3 lateral pairs of bristles, lacking apical bristles. Legs long and slender; mostly yellow, but basal half of fore tibia, fore and mid tarsomeres 3–5, hind femur, hind tibia and all hind tarsomeres brown (Figs 18A, D); mid tibia with 1D and 3AD long bristles, longer than mid tarsomere 1. Wing sub-hyaline, pale brown; pterostigma brown, long and oval, 6 x longer than wide, extending from apex of R 1 to near apex of R 2+3; second section of M 1 as long as crossvein r-m; cell bm slightly longer than cells br and cua (Fig. 18E) Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (NMNH) labelled: “ VENEZUELA: T.P.A. Basecamp, 0°51′N – 66°10′W, Cerro da Neblina, 140 m, 20–24.iii.1984, O. Flint & J. Louton, Malaise trap over small stream at east side of basecamp” “Holótipo, Syneches exilis, Menezes & Ale-Rocha ” [red label]. Holotype condition: good; abdomen with terminalia dissected, stored in microvial with glycerin. Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas) (Fig. 50); Venezuela. Syneches exilis is known to occur only from the Amazon biome. Remarks. Syneches exilis is remarkably similar to S. plaumanni sp. nov. by the following set of characters: legs long and slender, wing pale brown, pterostigma long and oval. However, S. exilis differs from it by the scutellum lacking apical bristles (present in S. plaumanni sp. nov.), mid tibia bearing long bristles, as long as mid tarsomere 1 (shorter than mid tarsomere 1 in S. plaumanni sp. nov.) and distal margin of hypandrium slightly convex (hypandrium bears a mid-width wide subapical protuberance in S. plaumanni sp. nov.).Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Neorhinotora Menezes & Calhau & Ale-Rocha 2021
No full textIdentification key to species of Neorhinotora 1. Wing with three or more supernumerary veins in cell r 1 (Fig. 1C)............................................... 2 - Supernumerary veins absent (Fig. 1a, Almeida & Ale-Rocha, 2008) or at most one present and incomplete in cell r 1 (Fig. 1 G, H)................................................................................................. 3 2. Wing with five supernumerary veins and smoky brown spots; surstylus with two projections, one facing the dorsal surface and the other, much smaller in size, facing the ventral surface in lateral view (Fig. 92.7, McAlpine, 1981)..................................................................................................... N. diversa (Giglio-Tos) - Wing with three supernumerary veins, dark spots only on transverse veins and distally on R 4+5 and M 1 veins (Fig 1A, F); surstylus geniculate in lateral view (Fig. 2D)........................................... N. elsalvadorensis sp. nov. 3. Arista micropubescent; wing with two well-defined spots on dm-cu and at distal end of R 4+5 and M 1, these spots connected to each other (Fig. 1d, Almeida & Ale-Rocha, 2008)............................................ N. mutica (Schiner) - Arista glabrous; wing with inconspicuous spots in dm-cu and at distal end of R 4+5 and M 1, these spots not connected to each other (Figs. 1a, b, Almeida & Ale-Rocha, 2008)............................................................. 4 4. Surstylus with two projection, one facing the dorsal surface and the other, smaller in length, facing the ventral surface in lateral view (Figs. 2a, e, Almeida & Ale-Rocha, 2008)............................... N. amapaensis Guimarães & Papavero - Surstylus trifid (Figs. 4a, e, Almeida & Ale-Rocha, 2008)..................................... N. aristalis (Fischer)Published as part of Menezes, Isis Sá, Calhau, Julia & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Description of a new species of Neorhinotora Lopes, 1934 (Diptera: Heleomyzidae) from Central America, pp. 581-586 in Zootaxa 4969 (3) on page 585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4969.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/475134
Cynopotamus xinguano Menezes, 2007, new species
No full textCynopotamus xinguano, new species Figure 1 Holotype. MZUSP 94009 (100 mm SL), rio Culuene, 13°49’S/53°15’W, Paranatinga, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, 21.viii.2006, J.L. Birindelli, L.M. Souza & A. Akama. Paratypes. Brazil, State of Mato Grosso, MZUSP 91931 (7 specimens, 87.20-132.0 mm SL), taken with holotype; MZUSP 91860 (3 specimens, 128-135 mm SL), Paranatinga, stream at Fazenda do Lúcio, tributary if rio Culuene, 13°50’S/53°14’W, same collectors as MZUSP 94009, 21.viii.2006; MZUSP 89702 (2 specimens, 100 and 111.50 mm SL), Paranatinga, rio Culuene, 13°49’S/53°15’W, A. Akama & J.L. Birindelli, 15.i.2006; MZUSP 63436 (14 specimens, 121-160 mm SL), Paranatinga, rio Culuene, Fazenda Columbia, 14°34’S/53°41’W, FA. Machado & R.D.O. Calegari, xi.1997; MZUSP 89906 (10 specimens, 87.5-155 mm SL), Gaúcha do Norte, rio Culuene, 13°30’S/53°05’W, O. Oyakawa, J.L.Birindelli & C. Nolasco, 19.X.2004; MZUSP 90922 (12 specimens, 76-172 mm SL), Gaúcha do Norte, rio Batovi (Tamitaoala), Fazenda Dois Netos, 13°14’S/54°01’W, same collectors as MZUSP 89906, 21.X.2004; MZUSP 90920 (3 specimens, 94.5- 180 mm SL. Canarana, ribeirão Água Limpa, tributary of rio 7 de Setembro, 10 km south of Canarana, 13°28’S/52°14’W, same collectors as MZUSP 89906. ANSP 187125 (2 specimens, 140 and 155 mm SL), Canarana, córrego Galheiro, tributary of rio Água Limpa, about 10 km south of Canarana, 13°39’S/52°16’W, O. Oyakawa, J.L. Birindelli & Oliveira, 17x.2004; MZUSP 31749 (1 specimen, 115.5 mm SL), rio Xingu at meeting of rivers Culuene and Sete de Setembro, M. Goulding, 23.vhi.1984. State of Pará: MZUSP 35959 (2 specimens, 93and 124.5 mm SL), rio Fresco, Aldeia Goutine, São Felix do Xingu, Miguel Petrere, viii.1983. Diagnosis. Cynopotamus xinguano belongs to the group of species characterized by ii, 9 dorsal-fin rays [versus ii, 10 in C. argenteus (Valenciennes)] and 91-125 perforated lateral-line scales (versus 85-90 in C. juruenae Menezes) (Menezes, 1976, 1987). It is most similar to C. essequibensis, in number of horizontal rows of scales below lateral line ranging from 17-21, but differs by having more developed gill-rakers on first branchial arch (10-11 versus 8-9 in C. essequibensis), and the black humeral blotch wider (compare Tables 1 and 2). In C. xinguano the first pleural rib and the opening anterior to it are entirely covered by fibers of the obliquus superioris muscle, but the second pleural rib and the obliquus inferioris muscle are visible. In C. essequibensis the first pleural rib and opening anterior to it are visible and the second pleural rib and the obliquus inferioris muscle are totally covered by fibers of the obliquus superioris muscle (compare Figures 2A and 2B). Description. Morphometric data of holotype and additional specimens summarized in Table 1. Meristic and morphometric data based on all lots examined since no statistical differences were found among populations studied from different localities. Body comparatively large (SL = 84-180 mm SL) and anteriorly deep. Dorsal body profile concave at nape, rising sharply in supraoccipital region, strongly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin, nearly straight along dorsal-fin base, and very slightly convex from dorsal-fin termination to caudal peduncle. Ventral body profile continuously convex from tip of lower jaw to anal-fin origin, straight or nearly so and dorsally inclined along anal-fin base, slightly concave from anal-fin termination to origin of procurrent caudal-fin rays. Snout conical, shorter than orbital diameter. Lower jaw included in upper jaw when mouth is entirely closed. Maxilla extending slightly beyond vertical crossing posterior border of orbit. Dorsal-fin rays ii, 9. Posteriormost ray branched. Adipose fin present. Anal-fin unbranched rays iv-v (iv), usually iv, branched rays 39-45 (43), 41.4, posteriormost ray split to its base and counted as 1. Weakly developed anterior anal-fin lobe including anterior unbranched rays and first 7-9 branched rays. Anal fin of sexually mature males with bilateral hooks on posteriormost unbranched and posterior part of anterior 12-35 branched rays, the number of hooks per ray ranging from 1 to 20. Pectoral-fin rays i, 14-16 (i,14), i,15. Posterior tips of longest pectoral-fin rays reaching beyond pelvic fin origin but not middle of fin. Pelvic-fin rays i,7. No hooks on pelvic-fin rays of sexually mature males. Distal tips of longest pelvic-fin rays not reaching or reaching just slightly beyond anal-fin origin in some specimens. Principal caudal-fin ray count 10/9 in all specimens. Lateral line complete, perforated scales 91-98 (97), 95. Scale rows above lateral line 20-22 (21), 21.4. Scale rows below lateral line 18-20 (20), 19.2. Scale rows around caudal peduncle 27-30 (29), 28.3. Premaxilla with two rows of teeth: outer row with one anterior canine followed by a series of small conical teeth and one posterior canine; inner row with two conical teeth smaller than anterior canines but slightly longer than conical teeth of outer row. Anterior canine exposed outside anterior border of lower jaw when mouth closed. Outer row small conical teeth 6-8 (7), 7.4. Maxillary teeth 46-63 (52) 54, highly variable in number but no evidence of increase in number with increase in standard length. Dentary with one row of conical teeth of which four anteriormost spaced, third large canine, first and fourth canines about same size and second small conical tooth; these followed by posterior row of close-set smaller conical teeth with no clear evidence of increase in number with increase in standard length. One small conical tooth anterior and slightly internal to first canine. Posterior dentary teeth 24-35 (29), 26.4. Vertebrae 40-42 (41), 41. Total number of gill- rakers on first branchial arch 10-11 (10), 10.1 Muscular hiatus of pseudotympanum (Figure 2B) dorsally limited by lateralis superficialis muscle, posteriorly by exposed portion of second pleural rib, anteroventrally by large portion of obliquus superioris and posteroventrally by small portion of obliquus inferioris; first pleural rib not exposed. Color in alcohol. Body pale yellow, slightly darker dorsally than ventrally due to presence of dark chromatophores especially along free border of dorsal scales. Snout and upper part of head darker than remaining dorsal surface of body. Premaxilla, anterior part of maxilla and antero-superior part of lower jaw densely pigmented with dark chromatophores. Humeral black blotch slightly elongate vertically, lower portion broader than upper in some specimens, anterior and posterior margins irregularly shaped. Lateral dark body stripe extending from behind upper part of opercle to caudal peduncle where fused to rounded black blotch of caudal base. Lateral body stripe narrower anteriorly and posteriorly, sometimes entirely obscured by guanine. Pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, caudal and adipose fins pale, with scattered dark chromatophores. Distribution. Cynopotamus xinguano is so far known only from tributaries of the rio Xingu basin (Figure 3). Etymology. This species is named after the Xinguano an Amerindian tribe living in Parque Indígena do Xingu, a national park in the rio Xingu basin. A noun in apposition.Published as part of Naércio A. Menezes, 2007, A new species of Cynopotamus Valenciennes, 1849 (Characiformes, Characidae) with a key to the species of the genus., pp. 55-61 in Zootaxa 1635 on pages 56-6
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