1,720,957 research outputs found
Bog oak: characteristics and characterization of two logs from the Venetian Plain
Full text linkThis work presents the characterization of two bog oak logs found in two rivers in the Veneto
countryside. One of the trunks dates back to around 400 AD, the other one to 1400 AD. The logs are free
of bark, with the black and cracked external surface with a charred appearance. On the inside, underneath the
more weathered layer, the wood appears intact, free of signs of apparent degradation, carbon black in color.
Going towards the internal parts of the trunk, the colour goes from black to natural brown of the intact wood.
The physical characterization (basal density, shrinkage and maximum water content) indicates that
degradation phenomena are also present in the apparently intact wood. Bacterial degradation was clearly
highlighted through microscopic analysis. From the analysis of the ash content, it seems that the increase
in the density of the apparently intact areas is due to the entry of inorganic material. The difference of about
a thousand years of stay in the basement site does not seem to have differentiated the physical parameters of
the two woods. Instead, the difference with the same parameters of the oak wood of a pirogue dating back to
800 AD is evident
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Bog oak: Characteristics and characterization of a log from the Venetian Plain (Italy)
No full textThe bog oak is a particular archeobotanical oak wood, which is formed after hundreds of years in anoxia and wet conditions. Following the persistence of oak wood for long periods in conditions of humidity and anoxia, its colour turns to dark brown/black, and its density and mechanical strength, in particular its hardness, increase. Wet and anoxic environments are, for example, the peat bogs of Northern Europe, and the muddy beds of rivers. In Italy, old oak trunks with a characteristic charred appearance emerge periodically during the cleaning of riverbeds. This paper presents the characterization of a bog oak log found in Zero river in the Veneto countryside. The trunk has been dated back to around 400 CE, using radiocarbon dating technique. The log is bark-free, and the black and cracked external surface has a charred appearance. On the inside, underneath the more weathered layer, the wood appears intact, without signs of apparent degradation, carbon black in colour. Towards the internal parts of the trunk, the colour of the intact wood goes from black to light brown. The physical characterization (basic density, shrinkage and maximum water content) indicates that degradation phenomena are also present in the apparently intact wood. Indeed, the bog oak linear shrinkage is more than double that of recent oak wood. Microscopic analysis clearly highlighted bacterial degradation. From the analysis of the ash content, it seems that the density increase of the apparently intact areas is due to the presence of inorganic material
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
