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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficiency and complementarity of two sampling techniques for mammals and birds in different phytophysiognomies of protected areas in the ferriferous quadrilateral of Minas Gerais, Brazil
No full textA mineração é uma atividade econômica e industrial que consiste na pesquisa, exploração, lavra (extração) e beneficiamento de minérios presentes no subsolo. Embora a exploração desse recurso natural seja feita com fins econômicos, está também busca promover o desenvolvimento econômico. A mineração é responsável por quase metade do saldo comercial das exportações do país, que retornam para a economia nacional através de empregos, arrecadação de tributos e impostos. Entretanto, é uma atividade de alto impacto ambiental, desde sua construção e exploração, envolvendo atividades tais como a construção de minerodutos, ferrovias, portos e hidrovias. Nesse contexto, os estudos de levantamento de fauna trazem uma importante contribuição para avaliar o grau de impacto e fornecer informações para medidas de mitigação mais assertivas. A região de maior exploração de minério do Brasil, o Quadrilátero Ferrífero de Minas Gerais (MG), comporta as áreas de estudo analisadas nesta tese, representadas por quatro Reservas Particulares de Patrimônio Natural (RPPNs): RPPN de Cata Branca, RPPN Córrego Seco, RPPN Poço Fundo e RPPN Capivary. As Unidades de Conservação estão localizadas em áreas próximas à mineração, tendo como principal atividade a extração de minério de ferro, com o método de lavra a céu aberto. Esse método provoca a alteração visual da paisagem, ruídos e vibrações provocados pelos explosivos utilizados, tráfego intenso de veículos pesados, causando poeira, emissão de ruídos e deterioração do sistema viário. Além disso, há a ocorrência de poeira e gases provocados pela perfuração da rocha e contaminação das águas. Usando de duas técnicas de monitoramento de fauna, que são as armadilhas fotográficas para mamíferos de médio e grande porte, e o uso de drones com câmera termal (sensível ao calor), foi possível verificar a eficácia e complementariedade dessas técnicas para um melhor cálculo de abundância e frequência relativa, bem como com relação à riqueza de espécies detectada em cada RPPN. Portanto, o objetivo principal deste estudo foi comparar a aplicação das diferentes técnicas de levantamento de fauna, de modo a avaliar sua eficácia para amostragem das espécies animais residentes nas RPPNs localizadas no Quadrilátero Ferrífero. No primeiro capítulo, abordamos o uso de uma técnica tradicional - armadilhamento fotográfico - na amostragem da mastofauna local. As armadilhas fotográficas registraram 23 espécies de mamíferos médio e grande porte nas quatro RPPN’s, entre as espécies coletadas cinco estão classificadas como vuneravél, entre elas o lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachurus), gato-mourisco (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), gato-do-mato (Leopardus guttulus), tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) e a o maior mamífero terrestre brasileiro a anta (Tapirus terrestris). Já o segundo capítulo traz uma análise de duas diferentes abordagens ao se utilizar uma técnica mais inovadora de levantamento de fauna, o drone acoplado com câmera termal. As duas abordagens de voo de drone tiveram espécies registradas e identificáveis para a avifauna. Os voos autônomos registraram quatro espécies de avifauna e os voos manuais registraram onze espécies de avifauna nos dois métodos. O voo manual foi o único a registrar a presença de mamíferos, sendo duas espécies de primatas, sauá (Callicebus nigrifrons) e macaco-prego (Sapajus nigtitus). Por fim, no terceiro capítulo, analisamos a combinação dessas técnicas, suas diferenças e similaridades para avifauna e mastofauna nas quatro RPPN’s, deste estudo. As espécies da mastofauna registradas nos dois métodos foram as três espécies: a irara (Eira barbara), o tamanduá-mirim (Tamandua tretadactyla) e o macaco-prego (Sapajus nigritus). Os registros pelas armadilhas fotográficas foram feitos no solo e os registros de drone com câmeras térmicas são, em sua maioria, feitos a partir do dossel da floresta. Já para a avifauna tivemos as 8 espécies identificadas similares entre as técnicas sendo as espécies: jacuguaçu (Pen Palavras-chave: Levantamento de fauna; Conservação; Drones; Armadilhas Fotográficas; Monitoramento de faunaMining is an economic and industrial activity that consists of research, exploration, extraction and processing of minerals present in the subsoil. Although the exploration of this natural resource is done for economic purposes, it also seeks to promote development. Mining is responsible for almost half of the country's trade balance of exports, which return to the national economy through jobs and tax collection. However, it is an activity with a high environmental impact, since its construction and exploration, involving activities such as the construction of pipelines, railways, ports and waterways. In this context, fauna survey studies make an important contribution to assessing the degree of impact and providing data for more assertive mitigation measures. The region with the largest mineral exploration in Brazil, the Quadrilátero Ferrífero of Minas Gerais (QF), includes the study areas analyzed in this dissertation, represented by four RPPNs: Cata Branca RPPN, Córrego Seco RPPN, Poço Fundo RPPN and Capivary RPPN. The protected areas are located in areas close to mining, with the main activity being the extraction of iron ore, using the open-pit mining method. This method causes visual changes to the landscape, noise and vibrations caused by the explosives used, heavy traffic of heavy vehicles, causing dust, noise emissions and deterioration of the road system. In addition, there is the occurrence of dust and gases caused by rock drilling and water contamination. Using fauna monitoring techniques of camera traps and the use of drones with thermal cameras (sensitive to heat), it was possible to verify the effectiveness and complementarity of these techniques for a better calculation of abundance and relative frequency for mammals and birds, as well as in relation to the richness of species detected in each RPPN. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to compare the application of the different fauna survey techniques, in order to evaluate their effectiveness for sampling the animal species resident in the RPPNs located in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region. In the first chapter, we explore the application of a traditional method — camera trapping — for sampling the local mammalian fauna. Camera traps recorded 23 species of medium- and large-sized mammals across the four Private Natural Heritage Reserves (RPPNs). Among these, five species are classified as vulnerable: the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), southern tiger cat (Leopardus guttulus), giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), and the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris), the largest terrestrial mammal in Brazil. The second chapter examines two approaches using a more innovative survey method — drones equipped with thermal cameras. Both drone flight strategies yielded identifiable bird species. Autonomous flights recorded four bird species, while manual flights recorded eleven. Notably, only manual flights detected mammals, specifically two primate species: the black-fronted titi monkey (Callicebus nigrifrons) and the northern black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus). In the third chapter, we assess the combined use of these techniques and compare their effectiveness in detecting both avifauna and mammal fauna across the four RPPNs. Three mammal species were recorded using both methods: the tayra (Eira barbara), the southern tamandua (Tamandua tetradactyla), and the northern black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus). Camera traps captured records at ground level, whereas drones with thermal cameras primarily detected species within the forest canopy. For avifauna, eight species were commonly identified by both methods: dusky-legged guan (Penelope obscura), squirrel cuckoo (Piaya cayana), plumbeous pigeon (Patagioenas plumbea), southern caracara (Caracara plancus), yellow-headed caracara (Milvago chimachima), and two genera-level identifications: Phaethornis sp. and Penelope sp. Indicator species analysis (IndVal) furth Keywords: Wildlife survey; Conservation; Drones; Camera traps; Wildlife monitoringCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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