1,721,038 research outputs found
Psychopathology during pregnancy and postpartum: characterization of a selected high risk Italian sample
No full textPsychological distress is common during pregnancy but the field
of perinatal-psychology and related research as well as health
services have focused their attention essentially on the post-partunl
period.
New data suggest that stress and psychopathology during pregnancy
may be associated with significant risks for the mother and
the baby and may lead to detrimental effects for both. Maternal
psychopathology is related to reduced quality of life, higher rate
of risk behaviors, postpartunl psychopathology, and to a decline
in the quality of dyadic relationship. Antenatal stress and psychological
disease and their underlying neuroendocrine changes
are associated with poor pregnancy and birth outcomes. Maternal
stress and psychopathology together with fetal vulnerability and
other ~ediating factors, such as pharmachological treatment, may
determme long-term consequences by altering developmental processes,
affecting the structural development of certain brain areas
circuits, and systems, as well as brain functioning. '
~fter h~ving studied a sample obtained from the general population,
thIS study focused on a selected and high risk sample
of women diagnosed with psychopathology and recruited from a
center specialized in Women's lifecycle mood disorders (psicheDonna
Center-Milan).
General aim: The general aim of this study was threefold:
- to study different manifestations ofpsychological illness as well
as to detect risk and protective factors in this selected sample
of pregnant and postpartunl women
- to analyze the characteristics of these women in order to
understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction between
protective and risk factors which may predict the course of psychopathological
manifestations across pregnancy and beyond.
- to analyze, in follow-up, the choice and efficacy of pharmacological
and-or psychotherapy treatment of these women.
Methods: A sample of91 pregnant and postpartunl women was
enrolled from the Center. Women were subjected to a test battery
in order to evaluate:
- ~ndex ofpregnancy specific-related anxiety (PRAQ-R, Huizink)
- mdex of State Anxiety and of Trait Anxiety, as defined by
Spielberger (STAI-Y, Spielberger)
- ananmestic data and risk and protection factors (scale constructed
ad hoc and PDPI, Tatano Beck) - index of depressionlpostpartunl
depression (EPDS, Cox).
Conclusions and Considerations: Differences were found
between ~is sample and the one from the general population,
not only m test scores but overall in the role played by risk
and protection factors. The presence of pregnancy-related specific
anxiety (detected by PRAQ-R) was found more in the general population: a working hypothesis as to the underlying cause was
developed.
Women recruited from the Center are characterized by a peculiar
configuration of risk and protection factors, where a previous
history of psychopathology seems to play a prominent role in
defining the sample.
This type of evidence indicates a possible new key point
with respect to intervention and prevention, that is, the previous
history of psychopathology. Consequently we need to consider the
necessity of different approaches in the use of screening tools, and
in the development of preventive measures and healing programs,
and tailor all activities and interventions to the patient in order to
be effective. This has lead to new evidence-based perspectives for
intervention
Growth hormone-releasing hormone and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in the reproductive system
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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