1,721,016 research outputs found
Brucellar epididymo-orchitis in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study of 26 cases and review of the literature
No full textObjective
To review the clinical and laboratory features and response to treatment of patients with acute brucellar epididymo-orchitis reporting to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, and to compare these with other cases reported previously.
Patients and methods
In this retrospective study, records of all 26 adult patients with brucellosis, who presented with epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh from 1983 to 2000, were reviewed. Positive blood culture or high agglutination titres of >=3D1:320 and positive clinical manifestations of brucellosis were the main criteria for diagnosing brucellosis. Among these cases, epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis was diagnosed on the basis of a typical history of gradual onset of scrotal pain and findings of enlarged tender testes and/or epididymis.
Results
Epididymo-orchitis occurred in 1.6% of all patients with brucellosis. Most (58%) were 25-44 years old; approx.77% of the patients presented with acute symptoms of < 2 weeks' duration. All patients complained of swollen painful testicles. Other presenting symptoms included undulant fever (96%), chills (54%) and arthralgia (23%). Four patients had dysuria and one haematuria. Ten patients gave a positive history of ingestion of raw milk and milk products; one patient had laboratory-acquired brucellosis. Six patients had unilateral epididymo-orchitis (two with features of florid presentation); the remaining 20 had only orchitis (bilateral in two, right in 10 and left in eight). Leucocytosis was present in six patients; 25 had initial agglutination titres of > 1:320 and the remaining patient had a positive blood culture. All patients received combined therapy with streptomycin for the first 2 weeks (or oral rifampicin for 6 weeks) with doxycycline or tetracycline for 6 weeks. All showed improvement, fever subsided in 2-5 days and the scrotal enlargement and tenderness regressed. Only one patient had a relapse within one year.
Conclusion
In brucellosis-endemic areas, clinicians encountering epididymo-orchitis should consider the likelihood of brucellosis. A careful history, a meticulous physical examination and a rapid laboratory evaluation help in diagnosis. Clinical and serological data are sufficient for diagnosis. Leucocytosis is not an atypical feature of brucellar epididymo-orchitis and so cannot be used for differentiating it from the nonspecific variety. Conservative management with combination antibiotic therapy is adequate for managing brucellar epididymo-orchitis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Burden of adult community-acquired pneumonia in the Middle East-North Africa region
No full textCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and often serious disease with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The 2004 World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), which include CAP, were responsible for 429.2 million episodes of illness worldwide and were the leading cause of disease burden measured in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among all age groups, accounting for 94.5 million DALYs. In adults aged over 59 years, 1.6 million deaths annually are attributed to CAP. LRTIs accounted for 4percent of overall deaths in developed regions of the world, compared with the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) region, where overall mortality due to LRTIs has been reported to be as high as 10percent. The burden of CAP is of even greater concern for aging adults when considering that the number of persons aged over 60 years globally is projected to triple, from 759 million in 2010 to 2 billion by 2050. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen implicated in adult CAP in this region and there is a high level of resistance to penicillin. Increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics to treat pneumococcal diseases suggests that preventive strategies, including adult vaccination against pneumococcal disease, will be important in the future. The adoption of the recommended Gulf Cooperation Council CAP Working Group guidelines as a standard of care in the MENA region, the development of a regional database to track guideline utilization and clinical outcomes and the strengthening of co-ordinated surveillance through the Eastern Mediterranean Region Surveillance Network will enhance public health efforts to reduce the burden of CAP in adult patients in the MENA region. Future discussions are required to facilitate the implementation of these concepts throughout the region. © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health I Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.Abdel-Rahman EM, 2000, DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS, V36, P203, DOI 10.1016-S0732-8893(99)00142-X; Ahmad S, 2009, JCPSP-J COLL PHYSICI, V19, P264, DOI 04.2009-JCPSP.264265; Ahmed K, 2000, EPIDEMIOL INFECT, V125, P573, DOI 10.1017-S0950268800004751; AHMED K, 1999, J INFECT CHEMOTHER, V5, P217, DOI 10.1007-s101560050039; Akala FA, 2006, LANCET, V367, P961, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(06)68402-X; Akbar DH, 2001, ACTA DIABETOL, V38, P77; ALALI MK, 2007, SAUDI MED J, V28, P813; Al-Ghamdi SM, 2003, SAUDI MED J, V24, P1073; Al-Ghizawi G. J., 2007, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, V13, P230; Al-Moyed K A, 2003, East Mediterr Health J, V9, P279; Al-Muhairi S, 2006, Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, V65, P13; Al-Muhairi SS, 2006, SAUDI MED J, V27, P1044; Alzeer A, 1998, J INFECTION, V36, P303, DOI 10.1016-S0163-4453(98)94315-8; Babay HA, 2000, SAUDI MED J, V21, P860; Balkhy HH, 2006, INT J INFECT DIS, V10, P326, DOI 10.1016-j.ijid.2005.06.013; Behbehani N, 2005, MED PRIN PRACT, V14, P235, DOI 10.1159-000085741; BISHAY FK, RURAL DEV POVERTY ME; Boutiba-Ben Boubaker I, 1998, Tunis Med, V76, P380; Cherfan AJ, 2003, AM J HEALTH-SYST PH, V60, P934; ELSHAFIE SS, 2004, INT J ANTIMICROB AG, V24, P111; HAMBORSKY J, 2008, MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W, V57, P1148; Hanssens Y, 2005, SAUDI MED J, V26, P1269; Hausdorff WP, 2007, VACCINE, V25, P1935, DOI 10.1016-j.vaccine.2006.11.018; Hussain Syed Fayyaz, 2006, J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, V16, P287; Irfan Muhammad, 2009, JPMA Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, V59, P448; Kanj SS, 2007, INT J INFECT DIS, V11, P554, DOI 10.1016-j.ijid.2007.01.012; KURASHI NY, 1992, THORAX, V47, P115, DOI 10.1136-thx.47.2.115; Madani TA, 2007, ANN SAUDI MED, V27, P101, DOI 10.4103-0256-4947.51528; McIvor RA, 2004, CHEST, V126, P1015, DOI 10.1378-chest.126.4.1015; Memish Z A, 2007, J Chemother, V19 Suppl 1, P7; Memish Z A, 2007, J Chemother, V19 Suppl 1, P17; Memish ZA, 2004, INT J ANTIMICROB AG, V23, P32, DOI 10.1016-j.ijantimicag.2003.05.008; Memish Z A, 2007, J Chemother, V19 Suppl 1, P25; Memish Z A, 2007, J Chemother, V19 Suppl 1, P33; Mikaeilli H, 2009, Pak J Biol Sci, V12, P514, DOI 10.3923-pjbs.2009.514.517; Mokaddas EM, 2007, MICROB DRUG RESIST, V13, P227, DOI 10.1089-mdr.2007.774; Mokaddas EM, 2008, CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL, V15, P203, DOI 10.1128-CVI.00277-07; Mokaddas EM, 2001, J CHEMOTHERAPY, V13, P154; Querol-Ribelles JM, 2004, CHEST, V126, P1087, DOI 10.1378-chest.126.4.1087; Ramdani-Bouguessa N, 2003, ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH, V47, P824, DOI 10.1128-AAC.47.2.824-826.2003; SCHRAG S, 2001, WHOCDSCSRDRS20016; *UN DEP EC SOC AFF, ESAPWP210; WHO, GLOB BURD DIS 2004 U; *WHO DIV COMM DIS, 2006, DCD NEWSLETT; *WORLD BANK, MIDDL E N AFR COUNTR; *WORLD BANK, REP YEM COMPR DEV RE; Yousuf M, 1995, ANN SAUDI MED, V15, P619; Zuberi FF, 2008, INT J TUBERC LUNG D, V12, P447; 2005, LANCET, V365, P120411
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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