130 research outputs found
Toxic and essential elements in selected fish species from the Tigris River (Turkey) and assessment of their health risks and benefits
No full textMemet Varol, Department of Aquaculture, Doğanşehir Vahap Küçük Vocational School, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Turkey.
Emel Kaçar, University of Nevsehir, Avanos Vocational School, Plant and Animal Production Department, Nevşehir, Turkey.
Muhammet Raşit Sünbül, Agricultural Research Institute, Kahramanmaraş, TurkeyReceived 13 March 2022, Revised 14 May 2022, Accepted 22 June 2022, Available online 25 June 2022, Version of Record 6 July 2022.The distribution of 18 toxic and essential elements (TEEs) (Sr, As, Ba, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ca, Cd, K, Co, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Cr and Zn) was investigated in tissues/organs of three fish species showing similar feeding habits from the Tigris River. The findings revealed that concentrations of TEEs in fish depend on the species. The highest contents of most TEEs were recorded in the gills followed by the liver, skin and muscle. Generally, inverse relationships were recorded between fish size and TEEs in tissues of fish species which may be explained by the lower metabolic rate and dilution effect of higher lipid content in the bigger fish. The average contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and inorganic As in muscle tissues of fish species were below the permissible limits. The estimated daily intakes of Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, Zn, inorganic As, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb were much lower than the reference doses set by USEPA. The target hazard quotient and hazard index values were below 1, indicating that non-carcinogenic health effects are unlikely to occur. The carcinogenic risk values for inorganic As were below 10?6, indicating no carcinogenic health risks for consumers. It was found that daily consumption of 230 g of fish would not be expected to cause any health risks. In addition, it was found that fish species would provide great benefits considering intake of essential elements. These findings revealed that nutritional benefits from consumption of fish species outweighed the health risks posed by toxic elements in fish
Determination of sources, pollution status and health risks of dissolved metals in Tohma Stream (Malatya)
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Ana Bilim DalıBu tez çalışması, Karakaya Baraj Gölü'nü besleyen akarsular içerisinde önemli bir su potansiyeline sahip olan Tohma Çayı'nda araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak belirlenmiş 13 istasyondan mevsimsel olarak toplanan su örneklerinde 10 metalin (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni Pb ve Zn) düzeylerini, mekânsal ve mevsimsel değişimlerini ve potansiyel kaynaklarını tespit etmek ve elde edilen verileri insan sağlığı açısından değerlendirmek için yapılmıştır. Tohma Çayı'na ait su örneklerinde kaydedilen metallerin mekânsal dağılımları incelendiğinde, As, Cu ve Pb hariç diğer metallerin düzeylerinin 13 örnekleme istasyonu arasında istatiksel olarak önemli değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). Çözünmüş metallerin mevsimsel değişimleri incelendiğinde, sadece As ve Cu düzeylerinin istatiksel olarak önemli mevsimsel değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). En yüksek ortalama As ve Cu düzeyleri ilkbahar mevsiminde kaydedilmiştir. Bu durum, ilkbahar mevsimindeki yağışların, yüzeysel akışla bu elementleri akarsuya taşımasından muhtemelen kaynaklanmıştır. Tohma Çayı'ndan alınan su örneklerinin ortalama metal konsantrasyonlarının, içme suyu kalite kriterleri ile sucul yaşamın korunması için tatlı su kalite kriterleri tarafından izin verilen maksimum değerleri geçmediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca metal indeksleri (HEI ve HPI) sonuçlarına göre su örneklerinde önemli bir kirlilik belirlenmemiştir. Karsinojenik ve kanser-dışı risk değerlendirme sonuçları, Tohma Çayı suyundaki metallerin insanlar üzerinde bir sağlık problemi oluşturmayacağını göstermiştir. Faktör, korelasyon ve kümeleme analizlerinin sonuçlarına göre, akarsudaki Cr, Ni, Co ve Mn düzeyleri üzerinde insan aktivitelerinin etkili olduğu belirlenirken diğer metallerin düzeyleri üzerinde hem insan aktivitelerinin hem de doğal kaynakların etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Tohma Çayı, metaller, su kalitesi, kaynak tanımlama, sağlık risk değerlendirmesiThis thesis study was carried out to determine the levels, spatial and seasonal changes, potential sources and human health risks of 10 metals (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in water samples collected seasonally from 13 stations in Tohma Stream, which has a significant water potential among the streams feeding the Karakaya Dam Lake. When the spatial distributions of metals recorded in water samples of Tohma Stream were examined, it was determined that the levels of metals except As, Cu and Pb showed statistically significant changes among the 13 sampling stations (P <0.05). When seasonal changes in dissolved metals were examined, it was determined that only As and Cu levels showed statistically significant seasonal changes (P <0.05). The highest average As and Cu levels were recorded in spring. This situation is probably due to the fact that spring rainfall carries these elements to the stream via surface runoff. It was determined that the average metal concentrations of water samples taken from Tohma Stream did not exceed the maximum values allowed by drinking water quality criteria and fresh water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. In addition, according to the results of metal indexes (HEI and HPI), no significant contamination was detected in the water samples. Carcinogenic and non-cancer risk assessment results have shown that metals in Tohma Stream water will not pose a health problem to humans. According to the results of factor, correlation and clustering analyses, it was determined that human activities were effective on the levels of Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in the stream, while both human activities and natural resources were effective on the levels of other metals. KEYWORDS: Tohma Stream, metals, water quality, spatial and seasonal changes, source identification, health risk assessmen
Phytoplankton functional groups in a monomictic reservoir: seasonal succession, ecological preferences, and relationships with environmental variables
No full textThe seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups (PFGs), their ecological preferences, relationships between environmental variables and PFGs, and ecological status were investigated in the Batman Dam Reservoir, a warm monomictic reservoir, located in the Tigris River basin of Turkey. Altogether 60 species, 19 functional groups, and 10 prevailing functional groups were identified, and prevailing functional groups showed strong seasonal changes. Centric diatoms Cyclotella ocellata (group B) and Aulacoseira granulata (group P) were dominant in the spring, with water mixing and low temperature. Groups F (Elakatothrix gelatinosa, Elakatothrix gelatinosa, and Sphaerocystis schroeteri), J (Pediastrum simplex and Coelastrum reticulatum), G (Eudorina elegans and Volvox aureus), L-M (Ceratium and Microcystis), and H1 (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena spiroides) dominated the phytoplankton community from summer to mid-autumn, with thermal stratification. Groups H1 and P became dominant in the late autumn, with the breakdown of stratification. With the deepening of the mixing zone, groups P and T (Mougeotia sp.) were dominant in the winter. The reservoir was meso-eutrophic according to trophic state index values based on total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll a, Secchi depth and total nitrogen, habitat preferences of PFGs, and diversity indices of phytoplankton. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that NO3-N, SiO2, TP, pH, and water temperature (WT) were the most important environmental factors controlling PFGs in the BDR. Weighted averaging regression results indicated that among PFGs, groups F and T had a narrower tolerance range for WT, pH, and SiO2, while groups G and T had a narrower tolerance range for TP and NO3-N
Determination of sources, pollution status and health risks of dissolved metals in Tohma Stream (Malatya)
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Ana Bilim DalıBu tez çalışması, Karakaya Baraj Gölü'nü besleyen akarsular içerisinde önemli bir su potansiyeline sahip olan Tohma Çayı'nda araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak belirlenmiş 13 istasyondan mevsimsel olarak toplanan su örneklerinde 10 metalin (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni Pb ve Zn) düzeylerini, mekânsal ve mevsimsel değişimlerini ve potansiyel kaynaklarını tespit etmek ve elde edilen verileri insan sağlığı açısından değerlendirmek için yapılmıştır. Tohma Çayı'na ait su örneklerinde kaydedilen metallerin mekânsal dağılımları incelendiğinde, As, Cu ve Pb hariç diğer metallerin düzeylerinin 13 örnekleme istasyonu arasında istatiksel olarak önemli değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). Çözünmüş metallerin mevsimsel değişimleri incelendiğinde, sadece As ve Cu düzeylerinin istatiksel olarak önemli mevsimsel değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). En yüksek ortalama As ve Cu düzeyleri ilkbahar mevsiminde kaydedilmiştir. Bu durum, ilkbahar mevsimindeki yağışların, yüzeysel akışla bu elementleri akarsuya taşımasından muhtemelen kaynaklanmıştır. Tohma Çayı'ndan alınan su örneklerinin ortalama metal konsantrasyonlarının, içme suyu kalite kriterleri ile sucul yaşamın korunması için tatlı su kalite kriterleri tarafından izin verilen maksimum değerleri geçmediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca metal indeksleri (HEI ve HPI) sonuçlarına göre su örneklerinde önemli bir kirlilik belirlenmemiştir. Karsinojenik ve kanser-dışı risk değerlendirme sonuçları, Tohma Çayı suyundaki metallerin insanlar üzerinde bir sağlık problemi oluşturmayacağını göstermiştir. Faktör, korelasyon ve kümeleme analizlerinin sonuçlarına göre, akarsudaki Cr, Ni, Co ve Mn düzeyleri üzerinde insan aktivitelerinin etkili olduğu belirlenirken diğer metallerin düzeyleri üzerinde hem insan aktivitelerinin hem de doğal kaynakların etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Tohma Çayı, metaller, su kalitesi, kaynak tanımlama, sağlık risk değerlendirmesiThis thesis study was carried out to determine the levels, spatial and seasonal changes, potential sources and human health risks of 10 metals (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in water samples collected seasonally from 13 stations in Tohma Stream, which has a significant water potential among the streams feeding the Karakaya Dam Lake. When the spatial distributions of metals recorded in water samples of Tohma Stream were examined, it was determined that the levels of metals except As, Cu and Pb showed statistically significant changes among the 13 sampling stations (P <0.05). When seasonal changes in dissolved metals were examined, it was determined that only As and Cu levels showed statistically significant seasonal changes (P <0.05). The highest average As and Cu levels were recorded in spring. This situation is probably due to the fact that spring rainfall carries these elements to the stream via surface runoff. It was determined that the average metal concentrations of water samples taken from Tohma Stream did not exceed the maximum values allowed by drinking water quality criteria and fresh water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. In addition, according to the results of metal indexes (HEI and HPI), no significant contamination was detected in the water samples. Carcinogenic and non-cancer risk assessment results have shown that metals in Tohma Stream water will not pose a health problem to humans. According to the results of factor, correlation and clustering analyses, it was determined that human activities were effective on the levels of Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in the stream, while both human activities and natural resources were effective on the levels of other metals. KEYWORDS: Tohma Stream, metals, water quality, spatial and seasonal changes, source identification, health risk assessmen
Detection of mitral valve diseases by bicoherence analysis of heart sound signals
No full textVarol, Hüseyin Selçuk (Dogus Author)The analysis of 10 normal and 51 mitral valve pathology making a total of 61 heart sound signals that were obtained with Littmann 4100 Digital Stethoscope were conducted in this study. Following the recorded sound signals were denoised by using wavelet filters, the signals were applied bicoherence analysis that is an high order spectral analysis method. It has been demonstrated that varieties of mitral valve pathology could be determined by three-dimensional surfaces of bicoherence and maximum bicoherence values
Assessment of heavy metal contamination in sediments of the Tigris River (Turkey) using pollution indices and multivariate statistical techniques
No full textDashes As Typographical Cues For The Information Structure (Extended Abstract)
No full text) Bilge Say and Varol Akman Department of Computer Engineering and Information Science Faculty of Engineering, Bilkent University Bilkent, Ankara 06533, Turkey Phone: [90] (312) 266--4133 (secretary) Fax: [90] (312) 266--4126 fsay,[email protected] Conference Topic: Information-based approaches to syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of natural language Accepted for presentation at ITALLC 98. Please send all correspondence to the second author. We take em-dash as our sample punctuation mark and examine its usage from a discourse perspective, using sentences from well-known corpora. We particularly comment on how dashes can give hints on information structure, focus, and anaphora. Throughout the paper Discourse Representation Theory is used as a framework. Keywords: Punctuation, Discourse, Discourse Representation Theory, Information Structure 1 Introduction To the initial onlooker, punctuation marks and topic/focus structure of an orthographic sentence seem to be unrelated..
Environmental, ecological and health risks of trace metals in sediments of a large reservoir on the Euphrates River (Turkey)
No full textThe contents of trace metals (Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn and Fe) in sediment samples from eleven sampling sites in The Keban Dam Reservoir, which is Turkey's second biggest reservoir, were examined to evaluate spatial distribution, possible sources, contamination status and environmental, ecological and health risks of these metals. The results indicated that enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index and contamination factor values were higher at sampling sites receiving industrial and domestic wastewater discharges. Only Cr and Ni concentrations exceeded their corresponding probable effect concentrations in 47.7% and 93.2% of the samples. Ecological risk factor and ecological risk index values at all sites were <40 and <150, respectively, indicating low ecological risk in the reservoir. Cluster, correlation and factor analyses suggested that Cr and Ni originated from mixed sources of lithogenic and anthropogenic origins, while other metals mainly originated from natural sources. For children and adults, hazard quotient value of each metal from ingestion and dermal contact pathways did not exceed 1. Carcinogenic risk (CR) values of arsenic from these two exposure pathways and total CR value were within the range of acceptable risks. Thus, in terms of recreational uses, the reservoir is considered to be safe for human health
Impact of paddy fields on water quality of Gala Lake (Turkey): An important migratory bird stopover habitat
No full textGala Lake is an internationally important lake due to its location on one of the world's most important bird migration routes. For this reason, water quality of the lake is of great concern. However, the lake surrounded by paddy fields may face eutrophication and toxic metal contamination due to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides. In this study, impact of paddy fields on water quality of the Gala Lake was investigated. The concentrations of metal(loid)s and physico-chemical parameters in surface water samples taken from the lake were measured and compared with water quality guidelines. Also, human health risks and contamination status of metal(loid)s were assessed. The mean NO2, SRP and BOD concentrations in the lake exceeded the permissible levels for both salmonid and cyprinid waters. The mean BOD value indicated contaminated water quality in the lake, while mean COD and SRP values indicated lightly contaminated water quality. The mean As, Cr and Pb values in the winter exceeded the drinking water limits set by WHO and EC, while the mean Cr and Zn values exceeded the limit values for the protection of freshwater aquatic organisms set by USEPA. Similarly, heavy metal pollution index and the degree of contamination values in the winter indicated that the lake water is moderately polluted. Health risk assessment results revealed that As and Cr in the lake water via ingestion exposure pathway may pose both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the residents. The results of this study indicated that paddy fields are a major source of nutrients, organic matter and toxic metal(loid)s to the Gala Lake. To improve the water quality of the lake, we suggest that excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides should be controlled to reduce metal(loid) and nutrient loads from the paddy fields
Arsenic and trace metals in a large reservoir: Seasonal and spatial variations, source identification and risk assessment for both residential and recreational users
No full textThe Keban Dam Reservoir in Turkey is an internationally important reservoir, because it is located on the Euphrates River, which is an important transboundary river. Water samples were seasonally collected from 11 sampling sites on the reservoir between autumn 2014 and summer 2015. Spatial and seasonal variations, possible sources and health risks of dissolved trace metals (TMs) were investigated. Among ten TMs, only Cr and Mn showed significant spatial variations, while Cr, Mn and Pb did not show significant seasonal variations. The average concentrations of TMs except As and Cd indicated a decreasing trend from autumn to summer. Also, minimum total metal concentration was recorded in summer due to raised water level of the reservoir. Maximum concentrations of all TMs were lower than the drinking water guideline values set by EC (European Community), WHO and USEPA. Principle component analysis/factor analysis and correlation analysis demonstrated that all TMs originate from natural sources. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks through ingestion and dermal contact exposure pathways were estimated for both residential and recreational receptors exposed to TMs in reservoir water. Hazard quotient, hazard index (HI) and total HI values were lower than 1. Also, carcinogenic risk (CR) values of As and Cr for each exposure route and total CR values were within the acceptable range of 10(-4) and 10(-6). Thus, the Keban Dam Reservoir is safe for human health in terms of residential and recreational uses. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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