1,250 research outputs found
Struttura fattoriale e ulteriori evidenze delle proprietà psicometriche dell’Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-20 (OBQ-20) in campioni clinici e non clinici
No full textAbout twin primes and distribution of primes
No full textThis paper give us a demonstration of twin primes conjecture using approximation of function �(iupsilon) that we introduce in section 6. Section 1-5 give us introduction to terminology and a clarification on (iupsilon) terms. In particular section
5 is really important because of its Lemma. Section 7 reassume foregoing explanations and it give us two theorems and one corollary;the theorem 7.2 give us exact approximation of twin primes counting function
Development and validation of a new Italian short measure of disgust propensity: The Disgust Propensity Questionnaire (DPQ)
No full textAlthough a few measures of disgust propensity are available in Italy, most of them take a long time to administer and/or have not shown replicable and sound psychometric properties. In the current study, the authors developed an Italian nine-item self-report measure of disgust propensity (particularly of pathogen disgust)-the Disgust Propensity Questionnaire (DPQ)-to address the limitations of currently available measures. In Study 1, the DPQ was developed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses from an initial pool of 33 items that were administered to 784 nonclinical participants. The DPQ showed evidence of an adequate factorial and construct validity as well as internal consistency and temporal stability. In Study 2, additional evidence of the sound psychometric properties of the DPQ was provided by analyzing an independent sample of 315 nonclinical participants and a sample of 208 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. This study also showed that the DPQ can discriminate between obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with and without contamination-related concerns, patients with anxiety disorders, and nonclinical participants. Key Practitioner Message: An Italian nine-item self-report disgust propensity measure was developed to address the limitations of currently available tools. The Disgust Propensity Questionnaire (DPQ) was evaluated using two independent studies in nonclinical and clinical samples. The DPQ showed adequate factorial and construct validity, internal consistency, and temporal stability. It could discriminate between patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with contamination-related concerns and all other groups. It is a very short and psychometrically sound measure to assess disgust propensity in Italian samples
Anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: Further evidence of specific relationships in a clinical sample
No full textThe relationship between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been widely rec- ognized. The specific relationships between AS dimensions and OCD symptom dimensions are less often investi- gated and the existing studies have shown several limitations and have reported inconsistent results. The present study analyzed the role of AS dimensions in OCD, focusing on different types of OCD symptoms. Dimensional self- report measures of AS and OCD were administered to a clinical sample (86 OCD patients), together with mea- sures of depression, anxiety, and obsessive beliefs. At a bivariate level, the symmetry dimension of OCD was strongly correlated with the social dimension of AS and moderately with the physical and cognitive dimensions. The other OCD and AS dimensions were weakly correlated or uncorrelated. Hierarchical regression analyses re- vealed that the symmetry dimension was mainly predicted by the social AS dimension and, to a lesser extent, by obsessive beliefs, while the responsibility for harm and mistakes dimension was predicted by obsessive beliefs, but not by the AS dimensions. Unexpectedly, the unacceptable thoughts and contamination OCD symptom di- mensions were not predicted by any of the considered variables. Theoretical and clinical implications for the re- sults pertaining to symmetry-related OCD symptoms are discussed
The role of disgust propensity and trait guilt in OCD symptoms: A multiple regression model in a clinical sample
No full textAssessing Sexual Orientation-Related Obsessions and Compulsions in Italian Heterosexual Individuals: Development and Validation of the Sexual Orientation Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (SO-OCS)
No full textSexual Orientation-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (SO-OCD) is characterized by intrusive thoughts, images, and urges related to one's sexual orientation, and by consequent avoidance, reassurance seeking, and overt and covert compulsions. Currently there is no short self-report measure that assesses SO-OCD symptoms. The current article describes two studies that develop and evaluate the first version of the Sexual Orientation Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (SO-OCS), a 14-item Italian self-report measure targeted towards heterosexual individuals. In Study 1, the SO-OCS was developed and refined through item analysis and exploratory factor analysis from an initial pool of 33 items administered to 732 Italian nonclinical participants. The SO-OCS showed a unidimensional structure and an acceptable internal consistency. In Study 2, the factor structure, internal consistency, temporal stability, construct and criterion validity, and diagnostic sensitivity of the SO-OCS were investigated in three samples of Italian participants (294 from the general population, 52 OCD patients who reported sexual orientation-related symptoms or concerns as a primary complaint, and 51 OCD patients who did not report these symptoms as primary complaint). The SO-OCS was again found to have a unidimensional structure and good internal consistency, as well as to exhibit strong construct validity. Specifically, the SO-OCS showed an excellent criterion validity and diagnostic sensitivity, as it successfully discriminated between those with SO-OCD and all other groups of participants. Finally, evidence of temporal stability of the SO-OCS in a nonclinical subsample was found. The SO-OCS holds promise as a measure of SO-OCD symptoms in heterosexual individuals
Is Heightened Disgust Propensity Truly a Risk Factor for Contamination-Related Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
No full textDisgust propensity (DP) has been conceptualized as a stable personality trait that confers risk for contamination-related OCD (C-OCD). However, the extent to which DP leads to the subsequent development of C-OCD is unclear. In fact, the presence of C-OCD might lead to an increase in DP rather than the inverse. The present study was aimed to test this hypothesis in a large clinical sample of OCD patients (≥ 21 years of age) with (C-OCD; n = 56) and without (NC-OCD; n = 103) contamination-related symptoms that completed measures of OCD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and DP. DP was assessed twice, in reference to the present situation (T1) and to when the participant was 18 years old (T0). The two groups did not significantly differ in DP at T0. However, C-OCD participants reported higher DP scores than NC-OCD at T1. Furthermore, the T1 vs T0 difference in DP was significant only in the C-OCD group. Subsequent analyses also showed that T1 DP levels, but not T0 levels, significantly predicted contamination-related symptoms. Despite study limitations, these findings question the role of DP as a risk factor for C-OCD
The two dimensions of contamination fear in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Harm avoidance and disgust avoidance
No full textContamination fear has always been considered a homogeneous symptom dimension. Compensatory behaviors (e.g., washing) are considered attempts to remove the contagion and to protect the individual from threats of illness; however, they may also be motivated by feelings of distress that are unrelated to any perceived harmful outcome, such as the feeling of disgust. Our hypothesis was that OCD patients with fear of harm resulting from contamination (harm avoidance [HA]) and OCD patients with fear of disgusting substances/persons (disgust avoidance [DA]) could be distinguished. To test this hypothesis, the Contamination Fear Core Dimensions Scale (CFCDS), an 8-item self-report measure aimed at operazionalizing the two facets of contamination fear, was developed. The scale was administered to 176 Italian OCD patients, together with a series of other self-report measures, and to 86 non-clinical participants. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the hypothesized two-correlated-factor structure in the clinical sample. The CFCDS also showed adequate reliability, construct and criterion-related validity. In particular, DA and HA subscales showed different patterns of association with other measures. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary evidence of the separability of two motivational dimensions of contamination fear and of specific associations between these and other relevant constructs
Established and Outsiders at the Same Time - Self-Images and We-Images of Palestinians in the West Bank and in Israel
No full textPalestinians frequently present a harmonizing and homogenizing we-image of their own national we-group, as a way of counteracting Israeli attempts to sow divisions among them, whether through Israeli politics or through the dominant public discourse in Israel. However, a closer look reveals the fragility of this homogenizing we-image which masks a variety of internal tensions and conflicts. By applying methods and concepts from biographical research and figurational sociology, the articles in this volume offer an analysis of the Middle East conflict that goes beyond the polar opposition between “Israelis” and “Palestinians”. On the basis of case studies from five urban regions in Palestine and Israel (Bethlehem, Ramallah, East Jerusalem, Haifa and Jaffa), the authors explore the importance of belonging, collective self-images and different forms of social differentiation within Palestinian communities. For each region this is bound up with an analysis of the relevant social and socio-political contexts, and family and life histories. The analysis of (locally) different figurations means focusing on the perspective of Palestinians as members of different religious, socio-economic, political or generational groupings and local group constellations – for instance between Christians and Muslims or between long-time residents and refugees. The following scholars have contributed to this volume: Ahmed Albaba, Johannes Becker, Hendrik Hinrichsen, Gabriele Rosenthal, Nicole Witte, Arne Worm and Rixta Wundrak. Gabriele Rosenthal is a sociologist and professor of Qualitative Methodology at the Center of Methods in Social Sciences, University of Göttingen. Her major research focus is the intergenerational impact of collective and familial history on biographical structures and actional patterns of individuals and family systems. Her current research deals with ethnicity, ethno-political conflicts and the social construction of borders. She is the author and editor of numerous books, including The Holocaust in Three Generations (2009), Interpretative Sozialforschung (2011) and, together with Artur Bogner, Ethnicity, Belonging and Biography (2009)
Agreement and discrepancies in patient-clinician reports of DSM-5-TR section III maladaptive personality traits: A study on a mixed outpatient sample
No full textThe assessment of personality pathology based on dimensional models may improve self–other agreement, but previous research mainly adopted a categorical approach and overlooked the role of the person of the therapist. Our study examined patient–clinician agreement in a mixed sample of Italian outpatients using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the PID-5-Informant Form (PID-5-IRF). Moreover, the role of clinician personality traits on agreement was preliminary explored. Sixty-eight outpatients (51.4% male, M= 30.30, SD= 12.05 years) and their treating clinicians (N= 22; 77.3% female, M= 43.77+ 8.45 years) entered the study. Patients completed the PID-5, whereas clinicians filled-in the PID-5-Brief Form (PID-5-BF) and the PID-5-IRF for each patient they involved. A multilevel Bayesian analysis showed that rank–order agreement was large for domains (mean r =.60) and moderate for facets (mean r =.44). As regards mean-level agreement, patient ratings on cognitive/perceptual dysregulation, distractibility, eccentricity, and emotional lability were higher than clinician ratings, whereas patients’ scores on depressivity were lower than clinicians’ ones. Scores on the PID-5-BF detachment positively predicted agreement on anhedonia, anxiousness, depressivity, distractibility, separation insecurity, and suspiciousness, while scores on the PID-5-BF negative affectivity, antagonism, and disinhibition negatively predicted agreement on few specific facets. Current findings suggest that clinician personality traits may contribute to agreement on maladaptive personality traits, but areas of discrepancies remain in case of low observable internal ones. Since patient–clinician agreement is crucially involved in therapeutic alliance, further research on this issue is highly encouraged
- …
