8 research outputs found
QUICK EVALUATION OF POST-TSUNAMI RELIEF HOUSES IN ACEH AS INPUT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
No full textOf all the provinces or cities in Aceh, Banda Aceh as the capital is the area most severely damaged by the earthquake and tsunami in 2004. After more than 15 years of being inhabited, the feasibility (quality) of the aid housing is clearly visible. The purpose of this short evaluation is as initial data in a long-term plan to measure the satisfaction of residents of the post-tsunami relief houses. The evaluation was carried out in Meuraxa District where the death toll reached 92.72%. At random, 5 houses from various aid donors were taken as samples. The evaluation method is qualitative through interviews with residents to find out their satisfaction. The results of the study found that in general, the residents were satisfied with the assisted house but there were several aspects that became dissatisfied, such as bedroom/bathroom area which is too small, no kitchen, poor quality of materials, and construction. The results of this evaluation can be used as initial data for more in-depth research, and also input for local governments to find out the condition of the aid housing after 15 years of being occupied
Finite Element Modelling of Unreinforced Masonry (URM) Wall with Openings: Studies in Australia
No full textUnreinforced Masonry (URM) wall is vulnerable in resisting horizontal load suchas wind and seismic loading. It is due to the low tensile strength of masonry, the mortarconnection between the brick units. URM structures are still widely used in the world as aninfill wall and commonly constructed with door and window openings. This research aimedto investigate the behaviour of URM wall with openings when horizontal load acting on itand developed load-drift relationship of the wall. The finite element (FE) method waschosen to numerically simulate the behaviour of URM with openings. In this research,ABAQUS, commercially available FE software with explicit solver was employed. In order toensure the numerical model can accurately represent the behaviour of an URM wall, themodel was validated for URM wall without openings using available experimental results.Load displacement relationship of numerical model is well agreed with experimental results.Evidence shows the same load displacement curve shape obtained from the FE model. Aftervalidating the model, parametric study conducted on URM wall with openings to investigatethe influence of area of openings and pre-compressive load on the horizontal load capacityof the wall. The result showed that the increasing of area of openings decrease the capacityof the wall in resisting horizontal loading. It is also well observed from the result thatcapacity of the wall increased with the increasing of pre-compressive load applied on thetop of the walls
Disaster Vulnerability Assessment of Low-Cost Houses in Java Island
No full textAmong all of the Indonesian islands, Java poses the highest risk for all types of disasters, making it a significant threat to low-cost houses due to its high population vulnerability. The objective is to enhance comprehension of it by conducting a building typology analysis concerning various natural hazards/ risks. The methodology consists of 10 sample houses field observation, AutoCAD drawing, literature analysis, and built environment expert interviews. The results developed four categories of houses emphasising brick or timber walls with a combination of clay tile or zinc roofs. Related to disaster vulnerability, an improper building structure is the main problem. Smooth roof material is significant in a volcano eruption, a complete interconnection of structure is a must for the tornado, light materials are preferable in an earthquake zone, natural material is not recommended for high risk of forest fire, and elevating floor is mandatory in flooding. Focus on designing the four categories’ houses and quality control of the construction process are two strategies recommended. Also, a minimum of two types of disasters in the area should be considered in the design. Resilient low-cost houses will have an impact on reducing casualties, environmental damage, and economic losses. Covering more samples and areas in Java in future studies will provide a comprehensive understanding of low-cost houses
PENILAIAN KUALITAS RUMAH BANTUAN PASKA TSUNAMI DI BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA SETELAH SATU DEKADE DITEMPATI
No full textDari seluruh kabupaten atau kota di Aceh, Banda Aceh sebagai ibu kota merupakan daerah yang paling parah terkena dampak gempa dan tsunami pada tahun 2004. Perumahan merupakan proyek bantuan dengan jumlah terbesar dan desain yang beragam karena bersumber dari berbagai bantuan. Setelah 15 tahun, kelayakan perumahan tersebut terlihat lebih jelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas rumah yang dihuni setelah lebih dari satu dekade melalui pengukuran kualitas lingkungannya. Umumnya, rumah bantuan terlihat bagus pada saat serah terima, tetapi kualitas sebenarnya perlu diuji setelah beberapa tahun ditempati. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Meuraxa dengan memilih lima desa secara acak. Sebanyak 45 hunian dengan 9 jenis desain dievaluasi. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengukuran mekanis untuk intensitas cahaya, kelembaban, dan suhu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum rumah bantuan belum memenuhi standar lingkungan rumah sehat yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Rumah yang dibangun oleh P2KP menunjukkan kinerja lingkungan dan kualitas bangunan yang lebih baik, sedangkan rumah dari YLKI dan BRR justru sebaliknya. Setelah lebih dari satu dekade, nampaknya kombinasi bantuan perumahan berkualitas rendah dan penduduk berpenghasilan rendah berkontribusi terhadap terbentuknya permukiman kumuh. Untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai rekonstruksi rumah di Aceh dan Nias pasca Tsunami, penelitian di masa depan perlu mencakup lebih banyak variasi desain rumah dengan cakupan wilayah yang lebih luas. Tingginya angka kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) di Banda Aceh kemungkinan disebabkan oleh buruknya kualitas lingkungan rumah bantuan sehingga diperlukan kajian korelasi khusus di masa depan
Disaster Vulnerability Assessment of Low-Cost Houses in Java Island
No full textAmong all of the Indonesian islands, Java poses the highest risk for all types of disasters, making it a significant threat to low-cost houses due to its high population vulnerability. The objective is to enhance comprehension of it by conducting a building typology analysis concerning various natural hazards/ risks. The methodology consists of 10 sample houses field observation, AutoCAD drawing, literature analysis, and built environment expert interviews. The results developed four categories of houses emphasising brick or timber walls with a combination of clay tile or zinc roofs. Related to disaster vulnerability, an improper building structure is the main problem. Smooth roof material is significant in a volcano eruption, a complete interconnection of structure is a must for the tornado, light materials are preferable in an earthquake zone, natural material is not recommended for high risk of forest fire, and elevating floor is mandatory in flooding. Focus on designing the four categories’ houses and quality control of the construction process are two strategies recommended. Also, a minimum of two types of disasters in the area should be considered in the design. Resilient low-cost houses will have an impact on reducing casualties, environmental damage, and economic losses. Covering more samples and areas in Java in future studies will provide a comprehensive understanding of low-cost houses
Disaster Vulnerability Assessment of Low-Cost Houses in Java Island
No full textAmong all of the Indonesian islands, Java poses the highest risk for all types of disasters, making it a significant threat to low-cost houses due to its high population vulnerability. The objective is to enhance comprehension of it by conducting a building typology analysis concerning various natural hazards/ risks. The methodology consists of 10 sample houses field observation, AutoCAD drawing, literature analysis, and built environment expert interviews. The results developed four categories of houses emphasising brick or timber walls with a combination of clay tile or zinc roofs. Related to disaster vulnerability, an improper building structure is the main problem. Smooth roof material is significant in a volcano eruption, a complete interconnection of structure is a must for the tornado, light materials are preferable in an earthquake zone, natural material is not recommended for high risk of forest fire, and elevating floor is mandatory in flooding. Focus on designing the four categories’ houses and quality control of the construction process are two strategies recommended. Also, a minimum of two types of disasters in the area should be considered in the design. Resilient low-cost houses will have an impact on reducing casualties, environmental damage, and economic losses. Covering more samples and areas in Java in future studies will provide a comprehensive understanding of low-cost houses
Pemilihan Metode Pembayaran Menggunakan Termin dan Turnkey pada Proyek Kontruksi di Banda Aceh
No full textPada proyek konstruksi, realisasi penerimaan pekerjaan ditentukan oleh cara pembayaran yang telah ditetapkan dalam surat perjanjian (kontrak) konstruksi, sistem pembayaran ada 2 jenis yaitu sistem pembayaran termin dan turnkey, dimana sistem pembayaran ini dibedakan berdasarkan cara pembayarannya yang terdiri dari termin pembayaran secara bertahap dan turnkey pembayaran yang dilakukan setelah pekerjaan selesai. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan ancaman dan peluang yang dapat merugikan kontraktor dalam pemilihan sistem pembayaran antara sistem pembayaran termin dan turnkey yang berpengaruh pada proyek dengan kontrak design-bid-build di Kota Banda Aceh, sumber data dalam penulisan ini menggunakan dua jenis, yaitu: data primer dan data sekunder, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) dan data primer adalah data yang diperoleh langsung dari lapangan, yaitu data kuisioner yang akan disebarkan kepada kontraktor, konsultan dan anggota tim proyek, data sekunder adalah data yang diperoleh dari jawaban responden yaitu perusahaan pelaksana yang berdomisili di Banda Aceh, dari hasil pengujian validitas dan realibilitas yang diperoleh, nilai rata rata dari uji validasi setiap variabel adalah 0,444. Dan untuk uji reliabilitas r hasil= 0,753 > r tabel = 0,2786, dari hasil uji validasi terdapat 4 pernyataan yang tidak valid. Dalam pengujian analisis pembayaran termin dan turnkey menggunakan analisis SWOT diperoleh bahwa sistem pembayaran termin didapatkan nilai x = -0,15 dan y = -0,4 yang berada di kuadran IV, dimana merupakan situasi yang tidak menguntungkan dari berbagai ancaman dan kelemahan internal dan eksternal. Sedangkan pembayaran turnkey memperoleh nilai x = -0,07 dan y = 0,02 berada pada kuadran III, dimana merupakan situasi mampu memanfaatkan peluang yang ada sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan ancaman dan kelemahan yang akan terjadi
Typology of post-disaster relief houses in Palu and Sigi, Central Sulawesi
No full textIt has been five years since the earthquake disaster followed with tsunami, liquification, and landslide in 2028 in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. There are several varieties of house designs due to different type of disasters, locations, and donors. This study objective is to collect the house designs and evaluate it through typology analysis. Qualitative approached was conducted by field observation to redraw the house and taking pictures for analysis. Total five types of relief houses observed from all the different types of disaster. Most of them are grounded with 36m2 size except one stilt house size is 72m2. The house including two bedrooms and one bathroom but no kitchen. As part of the government innovation of earthquake resistant house named “RISHA”, it is compulsory to use it if the reconstruction source was government fund. From five houses sample, three of them used RISHA while the rest are RIKO and the other one is using conwood panel wall. The main problem found in this house is sustainability issue. As most of the relief house cannot extend using the same structure and materials. Designed for one story only, it is challenging for them to add space with limited land
