1,720,959 research outputs found
Growth performance, plasma lipids and fatty acid composition of tissue lipid in growing mule ducklings
No full text
Chronic Exposure to the Fusarium Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol: Impact on Performance, Immune Organ, and Intestinal Integrity of Slow-Growing Chickens
No full textThis study investigates the long-term effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) consumption on avian growth performance, on the proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage of spleen cells, and on intestinal integrity. Two hundred and eight 5-day-old black-feathered Taiwan country chickens were fed diets containing 0, 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg of DON for 16 weeks. Body weight gain of male birds in the 2 mg/kg group was significantly lower than that in the 5 mg/kg group. At the end of trial, feeding DON-contaminated diets of 5 mg/kg resulted in heavier spleens. Moreover, the increase in DON induced cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage signals in the spleen, the exception being female birds fed 10 mg/kg of DON showing reduced proliferation. Expression of claudin-5 was increased in jejunum of female birds fed 2 and 5 mg/kg of DON, whereas decreased expression levels were found in male birds. In conclusion, our results verified that DON may cause a disturbance to the immune system and alter the intestinal barrier in Taiwan country chickens, and may also lead to discrepancies in growth performances in a dose- and sex-dependent manner
Aspects of Digestive Anatomy, Feed Intake and Digestion in the Chinese Pangolin (Manis Pentadactyla) at Taipei Zoo
No full textPangolins are considered difficult to maintain in zoos, often attributed to problems in feeding management. Taipei Zoo’s
designation as a wildlife rescue center for Chinese pangolins (Manis pentadactyla) has resulted in long term feeding
experience with development of diets that support recovery, maintenance, and reproduction, as well as experimental
opportunities to further understand digestive physiology to optimize nutrition. Opportunistic dissection of 10 animals
revealed details of the tongue, salivary glands, stomach and gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including confirmation of anatomical
differences between Asian and African pangolin species. Length of the total GIT relative to body length ( 9:1) was greater
than found in domestic carnivores, more similar to omnivorous species. Intake and digestion trials conducted with 4 animals
demonstrated that pangolins maintained body weights (BW; 6–9 kg) consuming diets containing 32–40% crude protein,
20–25% crude fat, and 13–28% crude fiber (DM basis). DailyDMintakes ranged from40 to 70 g per animal, with digestible
energy intake 51.5–87.5 kcal /kg BW0.75/day; pangolins consumed 9.4–15.2 g DM/kg BW0.75/day. Dietary energy data
support observations of low metabolism and maintenance requirements for this species, similar to values reported for other
myrmecophageous species. Addition of 5% ground chitin to diets improved fecal consistency, and decreased digestibility
of DM, protein, and energy; addition of chitosan (chitin treated with NaOH) resulted in diet rejection. This information
may assist in enhancement of captive diets, as well as in controlling obesity in pangolins
Study on the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract and rumen ecology of Formosan Reeves
No full textThe aim ofthis study is to investigate the rumen ecology and feed digestion in Formosan Reeves’ muntjac
(Muntiacus reevesi micrurus). We also observed the effect of captive environment on animal digestive physiology
by comparing the characteristics ofgastrointestinal tract and tissue samples of ruminal papillae between captive
and wild muntjac. Results revealed that the pH value ofrumen fluids ofcaptive muntjac was 6.44 and the
concentration ofvolatile fatty acid, which was lower than that of the domestic animal. The rumen total bacteria
count was 1.35108 colony counts/mL rumen fluids. The percentage of Isotrichidae in total protozoa population
was lower than 20%, whereas Ophryoscolecidae was greater than 80%. The ratio ofintestinal length to body
length was approximately 13.9:15.1 which was similar to the concentrate selector. The morphology ofruminal
papillae showed distinct difference between captive and wild muntjacs, and the length of small intestinal tract
tended to be longer in captive muntjac, suggesting that morphology ofruminal papillae could be related to the
dietary difference between captive and wild muntjacs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
